scholarly journals Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Water and Some Fish Samples from Onuimo River, Imo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nwoko Christopher Ikpe ◽  
Ekeocha Christopher Ikechukwu ◽  
Irechukwu Chigozie
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Carp Fish

Accumulation of some heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Cr) was determined in selected fish; Moon fish (Citharinus citharus), Tilapia fish (Oreochronus niloticus), Mud fish (Clarias anguillaris), Cat fish (Clarias gariepinus) and Carp fish (Labeo coulbie) and water samples from Onuimo River in Imo State in Nigeria. Accumulation order of heavy metals in fish samples comprised of Moon fish > Cling fish > Mud fish > Tilapia fish > Cat fish. Bioconcentration factor model used in the present study showed the following order; Moon fish = Carp fish > Cat fish > Mud fish > Tilapia fish and Moon fish = Carp fish > Tilapia >Mud fish > Cat fish for copper and zinc metals respectively. The concentration of cadmium and chromium in water samples were below detection limits of the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) Machine. Concentrations of Cu, Cd, Zn and Cr were also below permissible limits of some international regulatory bodies.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Health Risk Index (HRI) in Human Consumption of Whole Fish and Water from Some Selected Dams in Katsina State Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. I. Yaradua ◽  
A. J. Alhassan ◽  
A. U. Kurfi ◽  
A. Nasir ◽  
A. Idi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Adverse Implication

This study was conducted in the year 2016 to determine the heavy metal concentrations in whole fish (Clarias gariepinus) samples and water obtained from some selected Dams (Ajiwa, Zobe and Dannakola) in Katsina state Nigeria. The objectives were mainly to detect the presence of heavy metals in whole fish and water from some selected Dams in the study area, compare the concentration of heavy metals in samples from the selected Dams concerning the permissible limits specified by WHO/FAO and USEPA Standards. Eight (8) water samples were collected at 8 random points within approximately 1000 meters on each extremity and median parts of the selected dams. Fish (Clarias gariepinus) was sampled using standard methods (AOAC, 1990). The fish and water samples were collected from Ajiwa, Zobe and Dannakola Dams of Katsina state Nigeria. Nine adult fish samples, three each from Ajiwa Dam, and Dannakola were procured from fishermen. Analysis of the concentration of these heavy metals; Cr, Cd, Fe, Ni, Mn, Pb and Zn was conducted by the use of AAS (by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method. The results showed wide mean concentrations of the heavy metals in the selected dams water; iron recorded the highest level (range 0.4596 μg / g - 2.9510 μg / g) and lead (range 0.0031 μg / g -0.0323 μg / g) recorded the lowest level, for the fish samples the mean concentrations of the same heavy metals showed iron recording the highest level (range 1.8847 μg / g -10.0474 μg / g) and cadmium (0.0130 μg / g -0.0138 μg / g) recording the lowest level. Results from this study indicate that with the exception of the heavy metals Cd, Fe and Pb (from Zobe dam sample) values of  Mn, Pb (Ajiwa and Dannakola dams samples) and Zn in the water samples were generally lower than the USEPA, WHO/FAO maximum permissive limits while Ni was below the detection level (BDL) in all the samples. the results of this study showed that apart from Mn (PI range = 0.02-0.09), Zn (PI range = 0.01-0.03) and Pb for sampled water from Dannakola dam (PI= 0.77) which have no effect on the water quality, all the other heavy metals have pollution indices which suggest slightly, to moderate and strong effect on the selected dams water quality consideration for human and aquatic health. The metal indices also showed that all the heavy metals are at the threshold level (MI > 1) except for the heavy metals Mn and Zn in sampled waters from all the selected dams, Pb for water samples from Ajiwa and Dannakola dams and Cr for Zobe dam water sample. With the exception of the heavy metals Pb, Ni and Cr that were BDL in the fish samples the levels of the heavy metals all fall below the USEPA, WHO/FAO permissible limit for fish. The results from the present study suggests that the selected dams water quality is threatened by heavy metals pollution and may have adverse implication for drinking and aquatic health, in the fish samples the concentration levels of the heavy metals all fall below the USEPA, WHO/FAO permissible limit for fish.  However, the fish’s bio-accumulation factors of the metals suggest that they have high potentials to bio-accumulate some of the heavy metals to high levels and this may have adverse implication for human consumption.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Level in Clarias gariepinus (Catfish), Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia) and Chrysichthys nigroditatus (Bagrid catfish) collected from Ogun River, Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1433-1440
Author(s):  
D.O. Nwude ◽  
J.O. Babayemi ◽  
C.P. Ajibode
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Ogun River ◽  
Absorption Spectrometer

Aquatic organisms such as fish are prone to contamination by water pollutants such as heavy metals. This study aims at assessing the levels of heavy metals in the fillet tissues of 75 fish samples comprising Clarias gariepinus (Catfish), Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia) and Chrysichthys  nigroditatus (Bagrid catfish) from five (5) different fishing locations along the Ogun River, Ogun State. The fillet tissues of the fish samples were digested and analysed for Zn, Pb, Fe, Cr and Cd using a Perkin Elmer, AAnalyst – 200 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The concentration of Zn in Clarias gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus and Chrysichthys nigroditatus were 5.37±2.558, 6.58±2.35 and 5.11±1.55 respectively; while the levels of Pb in the species were Clarias gariepinus (1.30±3.099), Oreochromis niloticus (1.01±0.95) and Chrysichthys nigroditatus (0.35±0.59). Concentrations of Fe, Cr and Cd in the species were Clarias gariepinus (8.87±3.547, 0.08±0.098 and 0.09±0.100), Oreochromis niloticus (8.96±2.21, 0.12±0.11 and 0.11±0.11) and Chrysichthys nigroditatus (8.16±3.88, 0.11±0.11 and 0.11±0.11). The data revealed that most of these values were lower than  FAO/WHO permissible except Pb and Cr. Some of the fish sampled may pose health hazards to the consumers. There is a need for constant monitoring of pollutants in Ogun River. Keywords: Heavy metals, Clarias gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus, Chrysichthys nigroditatus, Ogun River

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN KITOSAN DARI LIMBAH CANGKANG BEKICOT (Achatina fulica) SEBAGAI ADSORBEN LOGAM BERAT SENG (Zn)

Konversi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Stevano Victor M. ◽  
Bayu Andhika ◽  
Isna Syauqiah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Achatina Fulica ◽  
Snail Shell ◽  
Production Stage ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Chitosan Powder

Abstrak- Telah dilakukan pemanfaatan cangkang bekicot (Achatina fulica) sebagai adsorben logam berat seng (Zn). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah kitosan yang didapat dari cangkang bekicot, dan mengetahui kemampuan adsorben kitosan dalam uji adsorpsi yang menggunakan sampel air yang tercemar seng (Zn). Pembuatan kitosan dari cangkang bekicot dilakukan dengan dua tahap yaitu tahap pembuatan kitosan dengan variasi ukuran kitosan 250 micron  dan 355 micron. Tahap pembuatan kitosan terdiri dari pembuatan serbuk cangkang bekicot, deproteinasi, demineralisasi, depigmentasi dan deasetilasi. Tahap  ke dua yaitu uji penyerapan kitosan terhadap logam berat seng (Zn) dengan variasi jumlah massa kitosan yang digunakan yaitu: 1 gram, 3 gram, 6 gram dan 9 gram. Sampel tersebut diuji dengan menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric  (AAS) untuk mengetahui konsentrasi logam berat seng (Zn) yang terkandung di dalamnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kitosan yang didapat dari cangkang bekicot untuk ukuran 250 micron yang sebesar 95,27%, dan untuk ukuran 355 micron yaitu sebesar 96,18%. Daya serap optimum kitosan didapat pada kitosan berukuran 250 micron  dengan massa kitosan 9 gram. Kata kunci: Adsorbsi, mikron, cangkang bekicot dan logam berat seng (Zn) Abstract- The used of snail shell (Achatina fulica) as adsorbent of heavy metals zinc (Zn). This study aims to determine the amount of chitosan derived from snail shells, and knowing the ability of chitosan adsorbent in adsorption tests using water samples were contaminated zinc (Zn). Preparation of chitosan from the shells of snails be done in two phases: the manufacture of chitosan with chitosan size variation of 250 micron and 355 micron. Production stage consists of the manufacture of chitosan powder snail shells, deproteinization, demineralization, depigmentasi and deacetylation. The second phase of the test chitosan absorption of heavy metals zinc (Zn) with a variation of the mass amount of chitosan that is used as follows: 1 gram, 3 grams, 6 grams and 9 grams. The sample is tested by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric (AAS) to determine the concentration of heavy metals zinc (Zn) contained in it. The result showed that chitosan is obtained from the snail shell to the size of 250 microns, which equal to 95.27%, and for the size of 355 microns that is equal to 96.18%. Optimum absorption of chitosan obtained at chitosan measure 250 microns with a mass of 9 grams of chitosan.                                                                                                                                        Keywords: Adsorption, micron, snail shells and heavy metals zinc (Zn).

scholarly journals Induction of Micronuclei, Base-pair Substitution Mutation and Excision-repair Deficient by Polluted Water from Asa River in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Anifowoshe T Abass ◽  
Oladipo S Olayinka ◽  
Adebayo O Mutolib ◽  
Eboh O Solomon ◽  
Abdussalam A Rasheedat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Base Pair ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Base Pair Substitution ◽  
Peripheral Erythrocyte ◽  
Substitution Mutation

AbstractAsa river is a major river designated to supply millions of people of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria potable water for drinking but its managements is of grave concern due to anthropogenic activities. Thus, evaluation of genotoxicity of this river was carried out by subjecting the water samples and fish therein to three bioassays (Micronucleus (MN) assay, Ames test and SOS-chromo test). Physicochemical parameters and heavy metals were analysed at three different stations (Aliara (SI), Unity (SII) and Tuyil (SIII)) of the river. In SII, most of the heavy metals analysed were above the acceptable limits compare to SI and SIII. The peripheral erythrocyte of the fishes (Oreochromis niloticus, Synodontis batensoda, Synodontis eupterus, Clarias gariepinus and Clarias angullaris) at SI and SII stations showed a significant (p<0.05) induction of MN and different nuclear abnormalities (NA). Water samples from the three stations subjected to Ames test (Salmonella typhimurium TA100) and SOS chromotests (Escherichia coli PQ37) at 25%, 50% and 100% concentrations showed statistically significant (p<0.05) induction of DNA damage at all concentrations in the two tester strains, thus indicating base-pair substitution mutation and excision-repairdeficient, respectively, by the water samples. Therefore, drinking of this water and/or consumption of fish from this river should be taken with caution to avoid a carcinogenic risk.

scholarly journals Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Ayre Fish (Sperata Aor Hamilton, 1822), Sediment and Water of Dhaleshwari River in Dry Season

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Tweb Abu Ahmed ◽  
Suman Mandal ◽  
Didarul Alam Chowdhury ◽  
Abu Rayhan M Tareq ◽  
M Mizanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Fish Organs ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Nitric Acid Digestion

The present study was carried out to determine the level of bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in a freshwater fish Ayre (Sperata aor Hamilton, 1822) collected from Rajfulbaria (23°48?56.36? N and 90°14?54.04? E) of  Dhaleshwari river. Four heavy metals, namely chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) were selected for this study. Metal concentrations were   determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after nitric acid  digestion of samples. The concentrations of accumulated heavy metals in fish were  also compared with the concentrations of metals in the sediments and waters of  that river. The level of bioaccumulations in different organs of S. aor were determined separately and compared among them. Average bioaccumulation levels  in S. aor were Cr: 1.458 mg/kg, Cu: 31.500 mg/kg, Pb: 18.776 mg/kg and Cd:  0.487 mg/kg of dry weight. The levels of heavy metals in sediments were Cr: 27.393 mg/kg, Cu: 37.450 mg/kg, Pb: 15.797 mg/kg and Cd: 2.083 mg/kg, and in water were Cr: 0.130 ppm, Cu: 0.000 ppm, Pb: 0.201 ppm and Cd: 0.001 ppm.The bioaccumulation of these four heavy metals in fish organs, sediment and  water samples were also compared with FAO approved standard levels and other  related studies, and found that the levels of bioaccumulation in the Dhaleshwari river exceeded all the standard levels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12904 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1):147-153, 2012

scholarly journals Bioakumulasi Logam Berat Pb dan Cu terhadap Penaeus merguiensis di Perairan Teluk Kelabat Bagian Dalam

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andini Komalasari ◽  
Budi Afriyansyah ◽  
Muhammad Ihsan ◽  
Mohammad Agung Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Average Ability ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Penaeus Merguiensis

Bioaccumulation of Pb and Cu Heavy Metals to Penaeus merguiensis in the Waters of Inner Kelabat BayThe waters of Kelabat Bay has a wealth of marine resources that is quite important in supporting the economy of Bangka Regency and West Bangka Regency. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cu (sea water, sediment, and Penaeus merguiensis) and measure the ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu. Heavy metals Pb and Cu in Water, sediments and Penaeus merguiensis analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). The results showed that concentration of heavy metals in water with an average range of Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) and Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Average concentration of heavy metals in Pb sediments (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg ). Average concentration of Pb heavy metals in Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). The average ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu is 15,83 to water and 0,19 to sediment. The value of the Bioconcentration Factor is below 250 (FBK <250) so it falls into the low category. Penaeus merguiensis is more exposed to heavy metals dissolved in water than those released from sediment.Perairan Teluk Kelabat memiliki kekayaan sumber daya laut yang cukup penting dalam mendukung perekonomian Kabupaten Bangka dan Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kandungan logam berat Pb dan Cu (air laut, sedimen, dan Penaeus merguiensis) dan mengukur kemampuan Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu. Logam berat Pb dan Cu padaair, sedimen dan Penaeus merguiensisdianalisis menggunakan Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat dalam air dengan kisaran rata-rata Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) dan Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat dalam sedimen Pb (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat Pb di Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). Kemampuan rata-rata Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu yaitu 15,83 terhadap air dan 0,19 terhadap sedimen. Nilai Faktor Biokonsentrasi tersebut di bawah 250 (FBK< 250) sehingga masuk dalam kategori rendah. Penaeus merguiensis lebih banyak terpapar logam berat yang terlarut dalam air daripada yang terlepas dari sedimen. 

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of TPHs and bioaccumulation in some fresh fish species in the Qua lbeo River of Eket of Akwa lbom State in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
VE Okpashi ◽  
VN Ogugua ◽  
INE Onwurah ◽  
CS Ubani ◽  
TC Ezike
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Red Snapper ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Aquatic Animal ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Fish Samples

This investigation was carried out in four different locations mapped out along the river bank. Twelve water samples were collected and six different fresh fish species that are frequently consumed were caught. They include: African red snapper (Lutjanus agennes), Yellow tail (Seriola lalandi), Barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda), Atlantic Croker (Micropogonias undulates), Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Samples were subjected to screening using gas chromatography and flame ionization detector instrument. Results revealed presence of  total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) contaminant in all the fish samples and varies with species significantly at p >0.05. The profound TPH compound is Nonane with molecular formula C9H20. 9 x 10-9 mg/l was adapted as Nonane concentration in water samples. Nonane concentration in fish samples showed African red snapper 3.9565±4.64648 mg/l, Yellow tail 8.7243±2.15546 mg/l, Barracuda 6.2555±0.48889 mg/l, Atlantic Croker 9.3866±0.42208 mg/l, Catfish 4.1973±1.52959 mg/l and Tilapia 6.0039±0.96487 mg/l respectively. The bioaccumulation factor varies in fish species, where the Yellow tail have higher bioaccumulation factor 969,369061, followed by Barracuda 695,067209, Tilapia 667,101072, Catfish 466,368366, African red Sniper 439,616275 and Crocker fish 104,2956024 respectively. This investigation reveal considerably the extent of bioaccumulation of TPH contaminants in aquatic animal models and making unsafe for consumption as some fishes bio-accumulate nonane beyond permissible limitBangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(2), 147-154, 2016

scholarly journals Bioakumulasi Logam Berat Pb dan Cu terhadap Penaeus merguiensis di Perairan Teluk Kelabat Bagian Dalam

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andini Komalasari ◽  
Budi Afriyansyah ◽  
Muhammad Ihsan ◽  
Mohammad Agung Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Average Ability ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Penaeus Merguiensis

Bioaccumulation of Pb and Cu Heavy Metals to Penaeus merguiensis in the Waters of Inner Kelabat BayThe waters of Kelabat Bay has a wealth of marine resources that is quite important in supporting the economy of Bangka Regency and West Bangka Regency. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cu (sea water, sediment, and Penaeus merguiensis) and measure the ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu. Heavy metals Pb and Cu in Water, sediments and Penaeus merguiensis analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). The results showed that concentration of heavy metals in water with an average range of Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) and Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Average concentration of heavy metals in Pb sediments (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg ). Average concentration of Pb heavy metals in Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). The average ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu is 15,83 to water and 0,19 to sediment. The value of the Bioconcentration Factor is below 250 (FBK <250) so it falls into the low category. Penaeus merguiensis is more exposed to heavy metals dissolved in water than those released from sediment.Perairan Teluk Kelabat memiliki kekayaan sumber daya laut yang cukup penting dalam mendukung perekonomian Kabupaten Bangka dan Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kandungan logam berat Pb dan Cu (air laut, sedimen, dan Penaeus merguiensis) dan mengukur kemampuan Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu. Logam berat Pb dan Cu padaair, sedimen dan Penaeus merguiensisdianalisis menggunakan Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat dalam air dengan kisaran rata-rata Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) dan Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat dalam sedimen Pb (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat Pb di Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). Kemampuan rata-rata Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu yaitu 15,83 terhadap air dan 0,19 terhadap sedimen. Nilai Faktor Biokonsentrasi tersebut di bawah 250 (FBK< 250) sehingga masuk dalam kategori rendah. Penaeus merguiensis lebih banyak terpapar logam berat yang terlarut dalam air daripada yang terlepas dari sedimen. 

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