scholarly journals Determination of Biochemical Responses of Genetically-male Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after Replacing Fish Oil with Plant-based Oils in Their Diets

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. U. Effiong ◽  
A. W. Akpan ◽  
I. K. Esenowo
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Fish Group ◽  
Tissue Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Direct Use

This study evaluated biochemical responses of genetically male tilapia after replacing fish oil with plant-based oils in their diets. The sources of oils were coconut, olive, crude palm, sunflower and sesame seed. These oils were incorporated at 7% level and were used to formulate five isonitrogenous (42.5% CP) diets. In the control experiment (sixth diet) fish oil was used. Fish were reared in 1 m x 1 m x 1 m floating net-hapa. Feeing trial lasted for 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected and tested for serum protein, electrolytes and tissue lipid peroxidation. Results of the study revealed that the ratio of albumin to globulin was statistically similar (p > 0.05) in all fish group examined. The results of serum electrolyte showed that olive oil treated fish recorded the highest (p < 0.05) level. The amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) formed in fish tissues increased (p < 0.05) in sunflower oil group by 69%, 43%, 20% and 32% in the liver, kidney, gills and heart respectively. This indicated that reactive oxygen species may be associated with the metabolism of sunflower oil leading to peroxidation of membrane lipids of the respective organs. However, this level of MDA deposition had not been associated with any negative effects on fish health. Inferences from this study conclusively support the direct use of these plant oils as total replacement for fish oil in diets of Oreochromis niloticus.

Abstract 134: Short-Term, High-Dose Fish Oil Supplementation Increases the Production of Downstream n-3 Fatty Acid Metabolites in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Grenon ◽  
Christopher Owens ◽  
Hugh Alley ◽  
Karen Chong ◽  
Priscilla Yen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Fish Group ◽  
Artery Disease

OBJECTIVES: Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) experience significant morbidity and mortality, at least partially related to vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. The OMEGA-PAD I Trial (NCT01310270), a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial addressed the hypothesis that short-duration, high-dose n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) oral supplementation improves endothelial function (EF) and inflammation in subjects with PAD. METHODS: Eighty patients with stable, mild-severe claudication and ABI<0.9 received 4.1gm of fish oil (FISH) vs placebo capsules (CTL) for 1 month. The primary endpoint was EF as measured by brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). Secondary endpoints included biomarkers of inflammation, generation of n-3 fatty acid-derived lipid metabolites, lipid profile and walking impairment questionnaires. RESULTS: The FISH and CTL group were no different with regards to age, baseline EF, inflammation and lipid profiles. Following treatment, there was a significant reduction in triglycerides (-34 ± 46, p=0.0001) and an improvement in HDL (+2 ± 6, p=0.03) in the FISH group. These changes were accompanied by an increase in the omega-3 index of 4 ± 1% (p<0.00001). We observed a significant increase in the production of downstream metabolites of n-3 fatty acids including 18-, 15- and 5-hydroxy eicosapentaenoic acids and 4-hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid in the FISH group. n-3 PUFA led to a significant improvement in FMD in the FISH group (+0.7 ± 4.0%, p=0.04) and a non-significant improvement in the CTL (+0.6 ± 2.5, p=0.18) group. There were no significant differences between groups in pro-inflammatory markers or walking parameters post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS: High-dose, short-duration n-3 PUFA supplementation significantly improves the metabolo-lipidomic profile of patients with PAD. Longer studies are needed to assess the effects of n-3 PUFA on inflammation, vascular function, and clinical endpoints in patients with established PAD and to determine whether generation of n-3 fatty acid-derived bioactive lipid mediators is related to clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Enriched Daphnia sp. with Different Source of Oil on the Survival Rate and the Growth of Oreochromis niloticus Larvae

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mokoginta ◽  
Dedi Jusadi ◽  
T.L. Pelawi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Lipid Level ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Fatty Acid Level ◽  
Ad Libitum

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">ABSTRACT<br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">This experiment was conducted to evaluate best source of oil to enriched <em>Daphnia</em> sp. before fed it to <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> larvae. Four treatments were used in this experiment; first, <em>Daphnia</em> sp. without encrichment, second <em>Daphnia</em> sp. enriched with fish oil, third <em>Daphnia</em> sp. enriched with corn oil and the fourth <em>Daphnia</em> sp. enriched with coconut oil. Three days old larvae fed on <em>Daphnia</em> sp. with size of </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Symbol;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"><span>£</span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"> 0,5 mm at the first week and 0,6 – 1,0 mm as the second week of this experiment. Larvae fed on <em>Daphnia</em> sp. 5 times daily, <em>ad libitum</em>, for 14 days. Larvae was reared in the small cages (2,25 l), and all cages was placed in the aquarium. Larvae density was 48 larvae/l. This experiment showed that the lipid level in <em>Daphnia</em> sp. enriched with oil was higher than that of no enrichment <em>Daphnia</em> sp. The highest n3- fatty acid level was found in <em>Daphnia</em> sp. enriched with fish oil, and the highest n6- fatty acid level was found in <em>Daphnia</em> sp. enriched with corn oil. Larvae fed on <em>Daphnia</em> sp. enriched with oil have a higher relative growth rate than that fed on <em>Daphnia</em> sp. without enrichment. The highest survival rate of larvae was found by feeding them with <em>Daphnia</em> sp. enriched with corn oil (<em>p</em> &lt; 0,05).</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Key words : <em>Daphnia</em> sp., enrichment, larvae, <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> </span></p><h2 style="margin-top: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">ABSTRAK</span></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi sumber minyak yang terbaik bagi pengkayaan <em>Daphnia</em> sp. sebelum diberikan ke larva ikan nila, <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>. Ada 4 perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang tidak diperkaya minyak; <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang diperkaya minyak ikan; <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang diperkaya minyak jagung; dan <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang diperkaya minyak kelapa. Larva ikan nila, <em>Oreochromis niloticus </em>berumur 3 hari ditebar dalam hapa kecil (volume 2,25 l) sebanyak 48 ekor/l, dan seluruh hapa diletakkan dalam akuarium berukuran 100x50x40 cm. <em>Daphnia</em> sp. diperkaya terlebih dahulu dengan minyak sesuai perlakuan sebelum diberikan ke larva. Pada minggu pertama pemeliharaan larva, ukuran <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang digunakan adalah </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Symbol;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"><span>£</span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"> 0,5 mm dan pada minggu ke dua 0.6 – 1.0 mm. <em>Daphnia</em> sp. diberikan sebanyak 5 kali dalam sehari secara <em>ad libitum</em> dan pemberian pakan dilakukan selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa kadar lemak <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang diperkaya minyak lebih tinggi dari <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang tidak diperkaya, dan hal ini berpengaruh pula pada kadar lemak tubuh larva. Kadar asam lemak –n3 tertinggi terdapat pada <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang diperkaya minyak ikan dan kadar asam lemak –n6 tertinggi terdapat pada <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang diperkaya minyak jagung. Larva yang diberi <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang diperkaya dengan minyak mempunyai pertambahan bobot relatif dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup yang lebih tinggi dari larva yang diberi <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang tidak diperkaya; dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup larva yang tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan pemberian <em>Daphnia</em> sp. yang diperkaya minyak jagung (P &lt; 0,05), walaupun pertumbuhan bobot relatifnya sama dengan perlakuan lainnya (<em>p</em> &gt; 0,05).</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Kata kunci : <em>Daphnia</em> sp., pengkayaan, larva, <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em></span></p>

scholarly journals Microplastics induced endocrine disruption, alteration in testicular tissue in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) pre-fed on Amphora coffeaeformis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania F. Ismail ◽  
Norhan E. Saleh ◽  
Alaa El-Din H. Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruption ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Exposed Fish ◽  
Natural Remedy ◽  
Amphora Coffeaeformis

Abstract This study examines the potential defending effects of the diatom, Amphora coffeaeformis, as a feed additive against the deleterious effects (mainly on gonads) caused by microplastics (MPs) in the Nile tilapia, Oreochromes niloticus. Male tilapia groups were pre-fed diets with four different supplementation levels of A. coffeaeformis (0%, 2.5%, 5% and 7.5%) for 70 days, then were exposed to 10 mg/L MPs for 15 days. The results showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher numbers of erythrocytes, but significant decreases (p < 0.05) in the number of RBCs, Hb, Ht, platelets, and eosinophil percentages. Testicular histological degenerative changes and testis-ova were found in the MPs-exposed fish. Thus, A. coffeaeformis supplementation displayed ameliorative properties that detoxified the negative effects of MPs. This study provides a better understanding of the reproductive injuries caused by MPs and provides evidence for the use of A. coffeaeformis as a natural remedy in freshwater tilapia.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary lipid sources on layer fertility and hatchability

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
OS Olubowale ◽  
FH De Witt ◽  
JPC Greyling ◽  
A Hugo ◽  
AM Jooste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Lipid Source

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary fatty acids (FA) on the fertility and hatchability of laying hens at the end-of-lay period (69 - 77 weeks of age). Five isoenergetic (12.4 MJ ME/kg DM) and isonitrogenous (170 g CP/kg DM) diets were formulated using different lipid sources (30 g/kg inclusion) to manipulate the dietary FA profile. The control diet was formulated using a 50 : 50 blend of linseed and fish oil, while fish oil was used in the polyunsaturated n-3 treatment. Sunflower oil was used in the polyunsaturated n-6 treatment, while in the mono-unsaturated n-9 diet high oleic acid (HO) sunflower oil was used. Lastly, tallow was used as a lipid source in the saturated FA diet. One hundred and twenty five hens (n = 25/treatment) and 50 cockerels (n = 10/treatment) of the Hy-Line Silver-Brown genotype were randomly allocated to the five dietary treatments at 20 weeks of age. From 69 weeks of age, hens were inseminated with 0.06 mL undiluted semen from cockerels within the same dietary treatment. Between 71 and 78 weeks of age (49 days) a total of 588 eggs-per-treatment were collected, individually marked (date and hen number) and incubated in a single-stage still-air incubator. Eggs were candled on D7 and D14 to determine embryonic mortalities and a 24 h window for hatching was allowed (D21 + 24 h). Although the fish oil treatment resulted in the lowest egg weights (59.3 g) and fertility (84.6%), it recorded the highest hatchability (76%). In contrast, the sunflower oil treatment recorded the lowest hatchability (58.2%) of all treatments, despite its high egg fertility (89.6%). Results of the study suggest that the dietary fatty acid content, in particular the n-3 and n-6 levels, need critical consideration in terms of concentration and ratio in the formulation of breeder diets to limit embryonic mortalities during incubation.Keywords: Chicks, embryo, mortality, mono-, polyunsaturated fatty acids

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