Response to F3 Selection for Grain Yield in Durum Wheat [Triticum turgidum (L.) Thell. ssp. turgidum conv. durum (Desf.) Mac Key] under South Mediterranean Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahira Laala ◽  
Amar Benmahammed ◽  
Abdelmalek Oulmi ◽  
Zine Fellahi ◽  
Hamenna Bouzerzour
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Mediterranean Conditions

The response of rate and duration of grain filling to long-term selection for yield in Italian durum wheats

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosella Motzo ◽  
Francesco Giunta ◽  
Giovanni Pruneddu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Selection For

Genetic advance in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) grain yield in Italy has been achieved by bringing forward flowering time, achieving a larger number of grains per unit area, and altering the pattern of senescence. The performance, in the absence of any moisture stress, of a set of 6 Italian durum wheat cultivars released over the past 100 years was compared under 4 environments and 2 nitrogen rates, to ascertain whether the changes brought about by selection for yield have also indirectly affected the rate and duration of grain filling. Grain filling lasted 35–36 days in all cultivars except ‘Ichnusa’ (39 days), although modern cultivars flowered earlier than older ones. The lack of any breeding effect on grain-filling duration also meant that the later old cultivars were not negatively affected by the higher ambient temperatures during their grain filling. The maximum rate of grain filling ranged from 2.4 to 3.3 mg/day and showed a highly significant negative correlation with the year of cultivar release (r = –0.91*). The variation in grain weight, significant but not correlated with the year of release, was associated with the rate of grain filling, which was in turn related to the grain number per unit area. A compensating variability still exists among modern Italian cultivars in both grain number and grain-filling rate, which demonstrates that durum wheat grain yield can be increased while also preserving high grain weights.

scholarly journals Variation and Relationships among Agronomic Traits in Durum Wheat [Triticum turgidum(L.) Thell. ssp.turgidumconv.durum(Desf.) MacKey] under South Mediterranean Growth Conditions: Stepwise and Path Analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mansouri ◽  
Bachir Oudjehih ◽  
Abdelkader Benbelkacem ◽  
Zine El Abidine Fellahi ◽  
Hamenna Bouzerzour
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
The One

Relationships among agronomic traits and grain yield were investigated in 56 genotypes of durum wheat (Triticum durumDesf.). The results indicated the presence of sufficient variability nearly for all measured traits. Heritability and expected genetic gain varied among traits. Aboveground biomass, harvest index, and spike number were the most grain yield-influencing traits. Early genotypes showed above-average grain and biological yields, spike number, and lower canopy temperature. Assessed genotypes were clustered into three groups which differed mainly for biological, economical, straw, and grain yields, on the one hand, and plant height, chlorophyll content, and canopy temperature, on the other hand. Selection for direct use from clusters carrying best combinations of yield-related traits and crosses to be made between genotypes belonging to contrasted clusters were suggested to generate more variability. Selection preferentially for spike number, biological yield, harvest index, and canopy temperature to accumulate favorable alleles in the selected entries for future uses is suggested.

Detection of molecular markers associated with yield and yield components in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) under saline conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 957 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dura ◽  
M. Duwayri ◽  
M. Nachit ◽  
F. Al Sheyab
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Ssr Loci

Durum wheat is one of the most important staple food crops, grown mainly in the Mediterranean region where its productivity is drastically affected by salinity. The objective of this study was to identify markers associated with grain yield and its related traits under saline conditions. A population of 114 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was derived by single-seed descent from a cross between Belikh2 (salinity-tolerant variety) and Omrabi5 (less salinity tolerant) was grown under non-saline and saline conditions in a glasshouse. Phenotypic data of the RILs and parental lines were measured for 15 agronomic traits. Association of 96 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci covering all 14 chromosomes with 15 agronomic traits was analysed with a mixed linear model. In total, 49 SSR loci were significantly associated with these traits. Under saline conditions, 12 markers were associated with phenological traits and 19 markers were associated with yield and yield components. Marker alleles from Belikh2 were associated with a positive effect for the majority of markers associated with yield and yield components. Under saline condition, five markers (Xwmc182, Xwmc388, Xwmc398, Xbarc61, and Xwmc177) were closely linked with grain yield, located on chromosomes 2A, 3A, 3B, 4B, 5A, 6B, and 7A. These markers could be used for marker-assisted selection in durum wheat breeding under saline conditions.

Recurrent Selection for Grain Yield in Durum Wheat

Crop Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 714-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. B. Olmedo‐Arcega ◽  
E. M. Elias ◽  
R. G. Cantrell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Selection For

Gluten index compared with SDS-sedimentation volume for early generation selection for gluten strength in durum wheat

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
F R Clarke ◽  
J M Clarke ◽  
N A Ames ◽  
R E Knox ◽  
R J Ross
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Gluten Strength ◽  
Sedimentation Volume ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Gluten Index

Gluten strength is an important end-use quality factor in durum wheat [Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum (Desf.) Husn.], affecting pasta manufacture and cooking quality. The objective of this research was to determine the inheritance and heritability of gluten index in comparison with the widely used SDS-sedimentation (sodium dodecyl sulphate) technique for selection for gluten strength. Seven durum populations were grown in replicated, multi-location, multi-year field trials in Saskatchewan, Canada, during the period 1995 to 2002. Gluten index and SDS-sedimentation volume were determined on all plots after harvest. Both traits were affected by genotype, and to a lesser extent by year or location. Genotype environmental interactions were generally minor. The majority of genotypes in each population had similar relative ranking for gluten index and SDS-sedimentation volume in each environment. Both traits were highly heritable, ranging from 0.80 to 0.97, and both were complexly inherited with estimates of effective factors ranging from 3 to 21. Gluten index and SDS-sedimentation volume were highly correlated, indicating that they are measuring similar aspects of gluten strength. SDS-sedimentation volume was positively associated with protein concentration (r2 = 0.52), but gluten index was not. Therefore, gluten index would be more desirable than SDS-sedimentation volume for use in selection where there are within-trial protein concentration trends.Key words: Gluten strength, SDS-sedimentation, gluten index, heritability, inheritance

scholarly journals Effect of Leaf Rust on Grain Yield and Yield Traits of Durum Wheats with Race-Specific and Slow-Rusting Resistance to Leaf Rust

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1065-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Herrera-Foessel ◽  
R. P. Singh ◽  
J. Huerta-Espino ◽  
J. Crossa ◽  
J. Yuen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Slow Rusting ◽  
Wheat Lines

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is an important disease of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) in many countries. We compared the effectiveness of different types of resistance in International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center-derived durum wheat germ plasm for protecting grain yield and yield traits. In all, 10 durum wheat lines with race-specific resistance, 18 with slow-rusting resistance, and 2 susceptible were included in two yield loss trials sown on different planting dates in Mexico with and without fungicide protection under high disease pressure. Eight genotypes with race-specific resistance were immune to leaf rust. Durum wheat lines with slow-rusting resistance displayed a range of severity responses indicating phenotypic diversity. Mean yield losses for susceptible, race-specific, and slow-rusting genotypes were 51, 5, and 26%, respectively, in the normal sowing date trial and 71, 11, and 44% when sown late. Yield losses were associated mainly with a reduction in biomass, harvest index, and kernels per square meter. Slow-rusting durum wheat lines with low disease levels and low yield losses, as well as genotypes with low yield losses despite moderate disease levels, were identified. Such genotypes can be used for breeding durum wheat genotypes with higher levels of resistance and negligible yield losses by using strategies that previously have been shown to be successful in bread wheat.

Contribution of main stem and tillers to durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) grain yield and its components grown in Mediterranean environments

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Elhani ◽  
V. Martos ◽  
Y. Rharrabti ◽  
C. Royo ◽  
L.F. García del Moral
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Mediterranean Environments

Enterprise durum wheat

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K Singh ◽  
J M Clarke ◽  
R M DePauw ◽  
R E Knox ◽  
F R Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Concentration Test

Enterprise durum wheat [Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] is adapted to the durum production area of the Canadian prairies. It combines high grain yield, grain protein concentration, test weight, yellow grain pigment, and low grain cadmium concentration. Enterprise has slightly weaker straw strength, similar days to maturity, and improved fusarium head blight resistance compared with strongfield. Key words: Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn., durum wheat, cultivar description, grain yield, yellow pigment, cadmium

scholarly journals Transient Waterlogging Events Impair Shoot and Root Physiology and Reduce Grain Yield of Durum Wheat Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2357
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Cotrozzi ◽  
Giacomo Lorenzini ◽  
Cristina Nali ◽  
Claudia Pisuttu ◽  
Silvia Pampana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Staple Crop

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn) is a staple crop of the Mediterranean countries, where more frequent waterlogging events are predicted due to climate change. However, few investigations have been conducted on the physiological and agronomic responses of this crop to waterlogging. The present study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of two waterlogging durations (i.e., 14 and 35 days) on two durum wheat cultivars (i.e., Svevo and Emilio Lepido). An integrated analysis of an array of physiological, biochemical, biometric, and yield parameters was performed at the end of the waterlogging events, during recovery, and at physiological maturity. Results established that effects on durum wheat varied depending on waterlogging duration. This stress imposed at tillering impaired photosynthetic activity of leaves and determined oxidative injury of the roots. The physiological damages could not be fully recovered, subsequently slowing down tiller formation and crop growth, and depressing the final grain yield. Furthermore, differences in waterlogging tolerance between cultivars were discovered. Our results demonstrate that in durum wheat, the energy maintenance, the cytosolic ion homeostasis, and the ROS control and detoxification can be useful physiological and biochemical parameters to consider for the waterlogging tolerance of genotypes, with regard to sustaining biomass production and grain yield.

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