scholarly journals Patterns of Admission Cardiotocography Decisions and Associated Perinatal Outcomes in a Southern Nigerian Teaching Hospital

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
J. O. Imaralu ◽  
F. I. Ani ◽  
A. O. Olaleye ◽  
J. O. Sotunsa ◽  
A. Akadri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maternal Outcomes

Aims: To determine the patterns of obstetric decisions based on Cardiotocography (CTG) findings and the effect of these decisions on labour outcomes. Study Design: Retrospective observational audit. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo. Data were obtained from all intrapartum CTG tracings done from January 2016 to December 2018. Methodology: A consecutive sampling technique was used and the case files, delivery register and follow up records of all included CTG tracings were used to obtain maternal and perinatal data. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21.0. Numerical data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables while the independent T-test was used to compare means of groups studied. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the factors related to maternal and perinatal outcomes. The level of statistical significance was be set at p-value of <0.05. Results: There were 756 deliveries, but only 436 CTGs met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of abnormal CTG was 130/436 (29.8%); 93/436(21.3%) were suspicious while 37/436 (8.5%) were pathological. On the basis of CTG; 300/436 (68.8%) of the parturients had intermittent fetal heart tone auscultation, 100/436 (22.9%) had continuous Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) while labour was stopped in 36/436 (8.3%). The 5th minute APGAR score did not depend on the admission CTG finding (0.55), the decision to stop or continue labour (p=0.26) or the use of continuous EFM (P=0.66). Maternal near miss (MNM) was not a consequence of the decision to stop labour (P=0.98) or the use of continuous EFM (P=0.19). The mode of delivery outcome was however a consequence of decisions to continue or stop labour (P <0.001, AOR=0.202, 95%CI=0.153-0.265).  Pregnancy risk was a consistent determinant of maternal outcomes; occurrence of MNM (P <0.001, AOR=0.002, 95%CI=0.000-0.032) and mode of delivery (P <0.001, AOR=0.015, 95%CI=0.005-0.043). Conclusion: Decisions based on admission CTG was associated with a high rate of operative deliveries, without any significant effect on fetal or maternal outcomes. CTG in labour should be restricted to pregnancies adjudged as high risk based on obstetric factors and CTG should be used as an adjunctive triaging instrument.

scholarly journals Neonatal and Maternal Outcomes in Spontaneously-Conceived Twin Pregnancies According to Mode of Delivery

Folia Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-476
Author(s):  
Samantha Mc Kenzie Stancu ◽  
Manuela Cristina Russu
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Introduction: Appropriate intrapartum conduct in a twin delivery remains a challenging aspect of obstetric practice. The objective of this study was to compare neonatal and maternal outcomes in twin pregnancies according to mode of delivery.&nbsp; Materials and methods: This is a single centre retrospective cohort study of all consecutive spontaneously-conceived twin deliver-ies (&ge; 24 weeks, estimated fetal weight &ge; 500 grams) over a nine-year period between 01/01/2007 - 31/12/2016 at a tertiary-level centre. Neonatal outcomes included survival, APGAR score, prematurity-associated pathology (PAP), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and length of stay (LOS). Maternal outcomes included postpartum complications and LOS. Statistical analysis comprised Chi-square test with subsequent p-value and odds-ratio with 95% confidence interval. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 173 consecutive women with spontaneously-conceived twin deliveries were enrolled in this study, 129 (74.6%) women delivered by caesarean section (CS). The success rate of vaginal delivery (VD) was 93.6% (44/47). A strong statistical correlation was identified between CS and NICU admission; 53.2% vs. 1.5% (p=0.0001). Neonatal LOS in the NICU was significantly longer in the CS group. Prematurity-associated pathology (PAP) was noted in 75 pairs of twins (75/173); 61 pairs were delivered by CS, bearing strong statistical significance (p<0.0001). Postpartum complications occurred in 14.7% of CS compared to 13.6% of VDs.&nbsp; Conclusion: Neonates delivered by CS had a higher rate of PAP, NICU admission, lower birth weight and longer LOS. This study showed that VD is safe, especially when the first twin is in cephalic presentation

scholarly journals SEMEN ANALYSIS OF INFERTILE NIGERIAN MALES IN SOKOTO STATE NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA.

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf TS ◽  
Panti AA ◽  
Ekele BA ◽  
Nwobodo EI
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Previous History ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
P Value ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Male infertility can occur when sperms are limited innumber or function. Infertility is a socially destabilizing and stigmatizing condition for couples but in our society many erroneously believe it is a problem from the female alone. Objectives: To evaluate the semen of infertilemale partners of couplesattending gynaecological clinic of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto. Methodology: This was a prospective study conducted at the gynaecological clinic of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto between 1stJanuary 2011 and 30th June 2011. For the purpose of this study all male partners of women who complained of inability to conceive after a period of a year or more of unprotected sexual intercourse were recruited into the study. Data was extracted and analyzed using SPSS (version 11). A P–value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There were 125 cases of male infertility recruited during the period. Majority of the male patients (51.2%) were aged 40 years and above. Considerable percentage of the patients (46.4%) presented with duration of Infertility of 5 years and above. The identified risk factors were a previous history of Urethral discharge (37.6%) and previous treatment of sexually transmitted infections (29.6%). Hypospermia (33%) and Asthenospermia (42.4%) were the commonest disorders of semen Parameters seen. Low sperm count was seen in (36.8%) of studysubjects, Azoospermia was observed in 8% while 16% of them had disorder of sperm morphology. Conclusion: The study shows that infertility is associated with relatively high rate of abnormal sperm volume, motility and count. In addition, genital tract infections are major associated factors. Therefore, efforts to address STIs through primary, secondary and tertiary preventive measures may make significant contributions to reducing the prevalence of male infertility in Sokoto State.

scholarly journals Revisiting Puerperal Sepsis in Obsteric Referal Centres in Port Harcourt, Southern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Oranu Emmanuel Okwudili ◽  
Owolabi Ayodeji Oluwaseun ◽  
I. Nonye-Enyindah Esther
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Pelvic Abscess ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
P Value ◽  
Perineal Tear ◽  
Puerperal Sepsis ◽  
Port Harcourt

Background: As the frontier of knowledge expands, surgical skills improve; and with the advent of increasingly potent antibiotics, it is expected that puerperal sepsis and its complications as captured in the literature of studies will be on the down turn. With this in mind, we decided to find out what is current as par risk factors and complications of puerperal sepsis in these obstetric referral centres in Port Harcourt. Objective: To determine the risk factors and complications of puerperal sepsis at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital(UPTH), Port Harcourt and the River State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Methods: The case notes of these patients were retrieved from the medical records departments and relevant data extracted using a well-structured proforma.  Data collected included the demographic characteristics, booking status, background immune suppression (HIV/AIDS or DM), labour characteristics, place and mode of delivery, fetal outcome, length of hospital stay. Morbidities like septicaemia, pelvic abscess, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy among others; and the presence of mortality was also noted. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Statistical analysis of data was done by Chi-square test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. The result is presented in tables of frequencies and percentages. Results: The prevalence of puerperal sepsis was 1.7%. Risk factors were low parity, unbooked status (84.35%) and wound infection (29.9%), among other intrauterine foetal death (22.8%), obstructed labour (14.2%) and perineal tear (11.0%). The main complications of puerperal sepsis noticed were prolonged hospital stay (58.3%) and septicaemia (13.4%); pelvic abscess (10.2%) and intestinal obstruction (4.7%) while (1)3.1% ended in mortality. Conclusion: Complications of puerperal sepsis were still high in these centres. Worrisomely, a huge number of these patients were unbooked.

scholarly journals Knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations among final year medical students, foundation doctors, specialist radiology registrars and radiographers at a UK university teaching hospital

BJR|Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20180014
Author(s):  
Muhammad Omar Khan ◽  
Muhammad Saddique Khan ◽  
Osman Janjua ◽  
Ahmed Ali ◽  
Shahid Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
P Value ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Medical Undergraduates

Objective: Junior doctors routinely request radiological investigations for patients. Prior studies have noted that among this group there is a lack of knowledge on radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations. However, no studies have compared this against radiology trainees and radiographers. We compared knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations among final year medical students (FYMS), foundation year doctors (FY1, FY2) against specialist radiology trainees (SRT) and radiographers (RG). Methods: A 12-question multiple choice questionnaire (MCQ) was distributed to FYMS, FY1, FY2, SRT and RG at a UK teaching hospital. Questions assessed knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation-dose estimates of common radiological investigations. Mean MCQ scores were compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test to determine statistical significance (p-value < 0.05). Results: 127 participants were included in the study. Mean scores (%) for FYMS (49.3%), FY1 (52.6%) and FY2 (51.1%) were significantly lower compared to SRT (64.4%) and RG (66.3%) (p-value < 0.05). Mean test scores between FYMS, FY1 and FY2 did not significantly differ (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: FYMS, FY1 and FY2 knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations was poor compared to SRT and RG. Patients require knowledge of radiation risk to provide informed consent as per IRMER regulations, thus we propose formal teaching on the subject matter to promote radiation safety culture among medical undergraduates and postgraduates. Advances in knowledge: First study to compare knowledge of radiation legislation and radiation exposure in common radiological investigations between medical students and junior doctors to radiology trainees and radiographers.

scholarly journals Obstetric Referrals to a Tertiary Teaching Hospital of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
S Maskey
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Aims: This study was done to review the primary reasons and pattern of obstetric cases referred to Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, and to identify the clinical course, mode of management, maternal and perinatal outcomes. Methods: This prospective observational study reviewed 112 obstetric cases referred from various centers. Thorough history was taken; complete physical and obstetric examination and relevant investigations were done. Management of the patient, clinical course, mode of delivery, both maternal and perinatal outcomes were documented. Results: Most common diagnosis at referral was medical disorders complicating pregnancy (38%) among which cardiac disease accounted for 20%, followed by hypertensive disorder (17%). Unavailability of perinatal facility was the most frequent reason (24%) for referral. Twenty seven percent of the patients were in serious or critical condition on arrival, 52% patients required surgical intervention, 19% received intensive care management and there were mortalities of 2 women (1.8%). Total number of live births were 70 (62.5%) among which 28 (42%) required neonatal admission and 3 (4% of live birth) had early neonatal death. Conclusions: Wide spectrum of complicated obstetric cases were referred to this hospital. Unavailability of perinatal facility was the most common reason for referral followed by unavailability of physician. Most common diagnosis at the time of referral was medical disorders complicating pregnancy.  

617 Who Benefits the Most from Burn Camps?

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S162-S163
Author(s):  
Jennifer B Radics-Johnson ◽  
Daniel W Chacon ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Return Home ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Burn camps provide a unique environment and activities for children that have experienced a burn-injury. Positive outcomes from attending burn camp include increased self-esteem, decreased feelings of isolation and a greater sense of self-confidence. In a 3-year retrospective review of camper evaluations from one of the largest and longest running week-long burn camps in the nation for ages 5–17, we aimed to assess if a child’s gender, age, TBSA or ethnicity affected the impact that burn camp had on a child. Methods A 3-year retrospective review of a Burn Camp’s camper evaluation forms was conducted for campers that attended burn camp between 2017–2019. Camp rosters were reviewed to determine the camper gender, age, TBSA and ethnicity. Camper self-evaluation forms completed at the end of each camp session were reviewed to record camper responses to questions regarding their opinions on the impact camp had on them as well as how camp will impact their lives once they return home. Categorical variables were summarized as frequency and percentage, and continuous variables were described as median and range. To check the relationship between two categorical variables, Chi-square test was used. To compare the continuous variable among groups, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA was used. Statistical significance was declared based on a p value&lt; 0.5. Results Within 2017–2019, there were 413 camper records. Participants’ demographic characteristics are summarized in Table 1. There were 208 males (50.3%) and 205 females (49.6%). The median age of campers were 11.86, 12.44 and 12.45 for 2017–2019, with the range from 5.16 years to 17.96 years. The median TBSA were 20, 20 and 18 for 2017–2019, with the range from 0.08 to 90. Collectively there were 47.7% Hispanic (n= 197); 24.2% Whites (n=100); 13.1% Black (n= 54); 4.6% Asian (n=19) and 7.7% Other (n=32). There were 395 camper self-evaluation forms submitted. Results of three questions there we were interested in are summarized collectively in Table 2. 57% of campers responded, “Yes, Definitely” to the question “After going to this event, will you feel more comfortable being around your classmates or friends?” 54% responded, “ Yes, Definitely” to the question “Do you feel more confidents in sharing your burn story with others when returning home?” and 51% responded “Yes, Definitely” to “Did you learn anything that will help you when you return home?” Conclusions In analyzing the camper responses, there was no statistically significant difference in responses comparing gender, age, TBSA or ethnicity.

scholarly journals Condom use and associated factors among HIV-positive patients accessing care at a private tertiary health institution in the southwest, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Ngozi Adefala ◽  
Kolawole Sodeinde ◽  
Abiodun Osinaike ◽  
Fikayo Bamidele ◽  
Adebola Omotosho
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Sexual Pleasure ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice towards condom utilization and other associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS enrolled in the Virology clinic in Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH) Ilishan, Ogun state, Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 285 ART users selected using a systematic random sampling method. The minimum sample size was estimated using the formula z2pq/d2 and a 24% prevalence extracted from a previous similar study. Data were elicited using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, analyzed using SPSS version 20, and presented as tables. The Chi-square test was used to assess associations between categorical variables. The level of significance was set at the 95% confidence interval with a p-value of 0.05. Results: From the total respondents, 180(63.2%) were females, 93.7% had good knowledge, 141(49.5%) believed ARV prevents transmission of HIV and 144 (50.5%) strongly agreed that condom reduces sexual pleasure. Majority 254 (89.1%) were currently using condoms, 131 (46.0%) used a condom consistently, while 108 (37.9%) frequently use a condom during sexual intercourse. The Use of condoms had statistically significant associations with occupation (p<0.001), married at pre-diagnosis of HIV (p<0.001), married at post-diagnosis of HIV (p<0.001) and education (p= 0.015). Conclusion: The majority of the respondents had good knowledge and were using condoms. Discussions on safe sex and improved positive attitudes towards condom-use should, however, be encouraged further.

scholarly journals Trends in neonatal and post-neonatal tetanus admissions at a Nigerian teaching hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 847-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusola Adetunji Oyedeji ◽  
Francis Fadero ◽  
Victor Joel-Medewase ◽  
Peter Elemile ◽  
Gabriel Ademola Oyedeji
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Neonatal Tetanus ◽  
First Year ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
School Dropouts

Introduction: Tetanus accounts for high morbidity and case fatality rates in developing countries. This study therefore aimed to identify reasons for the persistence of this disease. Methodology: Paediatric admissions at Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2008 diagnosed with tetanus were studied. Data was analyzed with SPSS 18 and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Of the total 1,681 paediatric admissions, 30 (1.8%) had tetanus. Of the 878 neonatal admissions, 8 (0.9%) had tetanus, while 22 (2.7%) of the total 803 post-neonatal admissions had tetanus. Neonatal tetanus admissions were significantly higher in 2006 compared to 2007 and 2008 (7 [2.3%] versus 1 [0.2%] [χ2= 7.50, P=0.01]). Of the eight mothers whose neonates had tetanus, seven did not receive tetanus toxoids in pregnancy and five (62.5%) were secondary school dropouts. Post-neonatal tetanus cases admitted in the years 2006, 2007, and 2008 were 4, 12, and 6 children respectively. Most of these 22 children did not receive tetanus toxoid immunization in their first year of life. None of the 22 children received booster doses of tetanus toxoids after their first years of life. Conclusion: Mothers at risk of their babies having tetanus, such as secondary school dropouts, must be identified antenatally and vaccinated with tetanus toxiod. Their babies should also receive good care post-delivery. Completion of routine tetanus toxoid schedule in the first year and booster doses in the post-neonatal age should be ensured.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Demographic Correlates of Seropositive HIV and HBsAg Cases among Women Booking for Antenatal Care at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
P. A. Awoyesuku ◽  
D. A. Macpepple ◽  
B. O. Altraide ◽  
D. H. John
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
P Value ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
State University ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

Background: Infection with hepatitis B (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are global public health problems. These infections during pregnancy increase the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality, and also pose a risk to the fetus due to mother to child transmission. Objective: To determine the prevalence of seropositive HIV and HBsAg cases amongst pregnant women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH). Methodology: A retrospective review of hospital and laboratory records of all pregnant women booked at RSUTH in two years, from May 2017 to April 2019, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, parity and educational level and reactivity of HIV and HBsAg test at booking were retrieved using structured proforma and analyzed using Epi Info Version 7. Test for significance using Chi-square was set at a significant level of P<0.05. Results: 3560 patients had HIV and HBsAg screening out of which 148 (4.2%) and 9 (0.3%) respectively were positive. The comorbidity rate in this study was 0.06%. The mean age was 31.5±4.7 years and the mean gestational age at booking was 22.1±6.8 weeks. There was no significant relationship between their age (χ2 = 2.690, p-value=0.442) and parity (χ2 = 3.759, p-value = 0.145) with HIV seropositivity, but these were significant for HBsAg (χ2 = 13.691, p-value = 0.003) (χ2 = 13.121, p-value=0.001).  Educational status was significant for HIV (χ2 = 16.188, p-value=0.000) but not for HBsAg (χ2 = 0.229, p-value=0.892). Conclusion: The seroprevalence rate of HIV and HBsAg in this study were low. HIV seroprevalence was significantly affected by lower education, while HBsAg seroprevalence was significantly affected by younger maternal age and nulliparity. Continued screening of pregnant women for these infections remains valuable and further community-based studies to identify risk factors are recommended.

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