scholarly journals Serological and Molecular Characterisation of Virus Infecting Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) in Adim-Biase, Cross River State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
O. I. Eyong ◽  
E. E. Ekpiken ◽  
G. M. Ubi ◽  
A. O. Alobi
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Cucumeropsis Mannii ◽  
Cucurbitaceae Family

Watermelon, Citrullus lanatus, (Thunb.) is an annual crop in the Cucurbitaceae family grown for it fruits. It nutritional and medical uses helps in combating some illnesses and maintaining good health. The production of this crop in Nigeria is seriously under threat by virus disease. A survey of some farms in Adim, Biase Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria during the 2019 planting season revealed mosaic and chlorotic symptoms. Mechanical inoculation was performed on young seedlings of Cucumeropsis mannii from watermelon samples showing viral symptoms and latter tested against the universal potyvirus antiserum and further detected by RT-PCR assay using cylindrical inclusion (CI) primer. The amplified cDNA was cloned and the nucleotide sequence determined. The serology result showed that there was positive reaction against the potyvirus antiserum confirming it to be a potyvirus. The gene sequence analysis revealed 86% sequence identity with Algerian watermelon mosaic virus. This is the first report of Algerian watermelon mosaic virus strain infecting watermelon in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Biological, Serological and Molecular Characterisation of a New Virus Species Infecting Telfairia occidentalis in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
O. I. Eyong ◽  
A. T. Owolabi ◽  
A. A. J. Mofunanya ◽  
E. E. Ekpiken
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Telfairia Occidentalis ◽  
Important Cash Crop

Telfairia occidentalis (Hook) belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae and is an economically important cash crop worldwide. It is widely cultivated in Nigeria including the South Eastern part of the country. This research was aimed at isolating, characterising and identifying a new virus species infecting Telfairia occidentalis in Calabar, Cross River State. Diagnostic tools employed included host range/symptomatology, insect transmission test, Antigen Coated Plate (ACP) Enzyme Linked-Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and gene sequencing. Results revealed that the virus isolate infected only members of the cucurbit family producing rugosity, mosaic, mottle and leaf malformation/deformation. The virus isolate was transmitted by Aphis spiraecola in a fore-gut manner and not by A. citricida. It reacted positively against universal potyvirus antiserum. Sequence analysis showed that the Telfairia occidentalis virus isolate had 75% sequence identity with Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus (MWM) which was found to be the closest. The virus was consequently considered a new species of potyvirus for which the name Telfairia severe mosaic virus (TeSMV) was suggested.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Virus Infecting Momordica charantia Linn and the Application of Trichoderma viride as Biocontrol Agent in Baccocco Cross River State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
D. O. Etim ◽  
N. I. Okon
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Infected Leaf ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Chlorotic Spot ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis

Momordica charantia Linn, commonly called bitter-melon or ampalaya, is a vigorous, tendril-bearing, frost tender, annual vine of the cucurbitacae family reported to play significant role in health and nutrition. Chlorotic spot symptoms were observed on this plant during a visit to some Gardens in Baccocco Cross River State, Nigeria in 2021. The aim of this study was to identify the virus infecting this plant and investigate the ability of Trichoderma viride to control the virus. Infected leaf samples of M. charantia were collected and maintained on young seedlings of cucumber through mechanical inoculation which was further used to test the ability of Trichoderma viride as biocontrol agent, the sample was further tested against RT-PCR. Result obtained from Gene sequence analysis revealed 87 % nucleotide sequence identity with Morroccan watermelon mosaic virus. This is the first report of MWMV infecting M. charantia in Nigeria. The result further showed that Trichoderma viride was very effective in the control of virus the pathogen.

scholarly journals Occurrence, Distribution and Identification of Viruses Infecting Some Cucurbits Across Major Cucurbit-Growing Areas in Cross River State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
O. I. Eyong ◽  
E. E. Ekpiken ◽  
O. A. Iso
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Leaf Deformation ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Scale Detection

Cucurbits are group of plants which belonged in the Cucurbitaceae family and constitute one of the most important vegetables for human consumption throughout the world. A survey conducted between January to March 2021 across major cucurbit-growing area in Cross River State revealed wide spread virus infection of these crops, surveyed plants showed mosaic, mottle and leaf deformation symptoms. This research was aimed at identifying viruses infecting some cucurbits in the study areas. Twenty four samples showing virus like symptoms were collected and tested against ACP-ELISA and RT-PCR. Result obtained from ACP-ELISA showed that 20 out of 24 samples collected tested positive to universal potyvirus antisera, the gene sequence analysis revealed that samples were predominantly infected with Algerian watermelon mosaic virus representing 40% of total viruses detected followed by Morroccan watermelon mosaic virus representing 15% of total viruses detected followed by Papaya ringspot virus, Zucchini tigre mosaic virus, Watermelon mosaic virus and Soybean mosaic virus representing 10% each for total viruses detected and finally Potato virus Y representing 5% of total virus detected. This survey is an accurate and timely detection and will form the basis for mitigating yield losses resulting from virus infection on cucurbits. This is the first report of wide scale detection of viruses infecting cucurbits in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Herança da resistência ao Watermelon mosaic virus em melancia (Citrullus lanatus L.)

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Evando A. Beserra Júnior ◽  
Wilson R. Maluf ◽  
Antonia R. Figueira ◽  
Beatriz M. Barguil
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus

Foi estudado o controle genético da resistência do genótipo não-comercial de melancia, PI 595201, ao vírus do mosaico da melancia (Watermelon mosaic virus, WMV). Avaliaram-se os genitores, a cultivar Crimson Sweet (P1 - suscetível) e a introdução PI 595201 (P2 - resistente), bem como as populações F1, F2, e os retrocruzamentos para ambos os parentais, RC11 (F1 x P1) e RC12 (F1 x P2). A severidade dos sintomas, depois da inoculação mecânica com WMV, foi avaliada de acordo com uma escala de notas de 1 (folhas sem sintomas) a 5 (mosaico intenso e deformações foliares). A cultivar Crimson Sweet apresentou média geral acima de 4,0, enquanto a introdução PI 595201 apresentou média 1,0, confirmando a reação contrastante das linhagens parentais. A hipótese de herança monogênica foi rejeitada, mostrando ser a resistência da introdução PI 595201 de controle oligo ou poligênico, com indicativo de dominância completa no sentido de maior resistência ao vírus. A estimativa de herdabilidade no sentido amplo foi acima de 0,8. A estimativa do número de genes, controlando o caráter, foi 4,16. O modelo aditivo-dominante é sugerido para explicar o controle genético da resistência.

Literacy for Good Health: Pre-Menopause Women in Cross River State, Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-375
Author(s):  
Pauline B. Edet ◽  
Ekanem Anwana Uwe ◽  
Mary Bassey Eyo
Keyword(s):  
Good Health ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State

scholarly journals Occurrence of a novel strain of Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus infecting pumpkins in Kenya

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Mumo ◽  
Elijah Miinda Ateka ◽  
Edward Mamati ◽  
Fredah Karambu Rimberia ◽  
George Ochieng' Asudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Sanger Sequencing ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
Sequence Identities

The potyvirus Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus (MWMV) naturally infects and severely threatens production of cucurbits and papaya. In this study, we identified and characterized MWMV isolated from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) intercropped with MWMV-infected papaya plants through next generation and Sanger sequencing approaches. Complete MWMV genome sequences were obtained from two pumpkin samples through NGS and validated using Sanger sequencing. The isolates share 83.4-83.7 % nucleotide (nt) and 92.3-95.1 % amino acid (aa) sequence identities in the coat protein and 79.5-79.9 % nt and 89.2-89.7 % aa identities in the polyprotein with papaya isolates of MWMV. Phylogenetic analysis using complete polyprotein nt sequences revealed the clustering of both pumpkin isolates of MWMV with corresponding sequences of cucurbit isolates of the virus from other parts of Africa and the Mediterranean regions, distinct from a clade formed by papaya isolates. Through sap inoculation, a pumpkin isolate of MWMV was pathogenic on zucchini (Cucurbita pepo), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), and cucumber (Cucumis sativus), but not on papaya. Conversely, the papaya isolate of MWMV was non-pathogenic on pumpkin, watermelon, and cucumber, but infected zucchini. The results suggest occurrence of two strains of MWMV in Kenya having different biological characteristics associated with the host specificity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ‘AU-Performance’ Watermelon for Its Response to Virus Inoculation

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Murphy ◽  
Fenny Dane
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

The watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) ‘AU-Performance’ was developed for resistance to multiple fungal pathogens and the plant virus, zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). A greenhouse-based evaluation was carried out to determine the response of ‘AU-Performance’ to inoculation with three important cucurbit (Cucurbitaceae) viruses in the genus Potyvirus: papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), and ZYMV. The evaluation included the resistant parent (PI595203), the susceptible parent (‘AU-Producer’), and varieties AU-Allsweet and Charleston Gray. Each of the three viruses systemically infected ‘AU-Performance’ with 100% infection and development of characteristic systemic symptoms. The susceptible parent (‘AU-Producer’), ‘AU-Allsweet’, and ‘Charleston Gray’ responded similarly with 100% infection and systemic symptoms. In contrast, the resistant parent (PI595203) was resistant to WMV and ZYMV; however, PRSV-inoculated plants developed a systemic infection with accompanied symptoms and high levels of PRSV accumulation in noninoculated leaves. PI595203 was shown in previous studies to be resistant to PRSV. We show in this report that under greenhouse conditions and application of virus by mechanical inoculation, ‘AU-Performance’ was not resistant to infection by the three potyviruses.

Creation of trivalent transgenic watermelon resistant to virus infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niu Sheng-Niao ◽  
Huang Xue-Sen ◽  
Wong Sek-Man ◽  
Yu Jia-Lin ◽  
Zhao Fu-Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
High Level ◽  
Transgenic Watermelon

AbstractA trivalent vector containing genes of Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) coat protein (CP), and replicase genes of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), was constructed for transformation of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) plants, mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The integrated foreign genes were identified in the regenerated progenies by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blots. The transformation efficiency was about 1.7‰. Resistance to virus infection was determined by mechanical inoculation in the greenhouse and by field trials. The transgenic watermelon lines showed different phenotypes of susceptible, resistant, immune or recovery from virus infections in the late growth stage. A relatively high level of resistance was shown by T3 plants of the line BH1-7. This result indicates the possibility of creating, by transgenic protocols, new varieties of watermelon resistant to viral infection.

Watermelon mosaic virus. [Distribution map].

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Distribution Map

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Watermelon mosaic virus Viruses: Potyviridae: Potyvirus Hosts: Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), melon (Cucumis melo), cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and other Cucurbitaceae, also some Fabaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Russian Far East, Spain, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep.), ASIA, Bangladesh, China, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Xinjiang, India, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Indonesia, Java, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Korea Republic, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Turkey, Yemen, AFRICA, Egypt, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Sudan, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Ontario, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, Cuba, Guadeloupe, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Ceara, Maranhao, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Chile, Suriname, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, Queensland, Western, Australia, Cook, Islands Fed., States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, New Zealand, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga.

Some characteristics of Australian isolates of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Greber ◽  
DM Persley ◽  
ME Herrington
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Triton X

Isolates of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) were obtained from six cucurbit species from four states of Australia and identified by host range, electron microscopy and serology. A survey of coastal Queensland in 1986-87 showed no ZYMV north of Townsville nor around Rockhampton, but major centres of ZYMV incidence with specific pathotypes, around Ayr, Bowen and in south-east Queensland. Pathotypes were distinguished using Cucumis melo differentials, Trichosanthes anguina and Phaseolus vulgaris. Three ZYMV isolates were compared with watermelon mosaic virus 2 and papaya ringspot virus, cucurbit strain, on 20 hosts from 5 families. The effect of ZYMV on 19 cvv. of pumpkin, squash, zucchini, cucumber, rockmelon and watermelon was examined in the field where marketable fruit production was most affected in Cucurbita maxima and C. pepo, moderately in C. melo and Citrullus lanatus and least in C. moschata and C. sativus. One instance of ZYMV seed transmission in C. pepo and transmission by Aphisgossypii was demonstrated. Resistance breeding progress with C. maxima using a C. ecuadorensis source and in C. lanatus using Citrullus sp. cv. Egusi is reported. Virus purification was achieved using carbon tetrachloride and Triton X-100 clarification with sucrose pad and gradient centrifugations. An antiserum was produced and reacted well in agarose gel-diffusion tests without prior virus particle disruption.

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