Determining the Content of Iodine in National Agency of Food and Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC) Approved Table Salts

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Williams Ombugus Musa ◽  
Motolani O. Matthew
Keyword(s):  
National Agency ◽  
And Control ◽  
Food And Drugs Administration

Water Quality Planning in Denmark

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 493-497
Author(s):  
Ole Have Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Planning System ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Quality Planning ◽  
And Control ◽  
Water Quality Objectives

In 1983 the National Agency for Environmental Protection in Denmark published guiding regulations for water quality planning, based upon the rules in the Environmental Protection Act of 1974 with recent changes in 1982. The planning system contains three steps - determination of water quality objectives, calculation of discharge consents and control activities. A list of suggested quality objectives for rivers, lakes and coastal waters is included as well as a strategy for handling discharges of chemical compounds not originally found in the water.

Microbiological Evaluation of Ready-to-Drink Tigernut Drinks Sold within Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Francis Sopuruchukwu Ire ◽  
Goziem Kim Benneth ◽  
Ndukwe Maduka
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
And Control ◽  
Corynebacterium Sp

Aims: Tigernut drink are made from tigernut tubers (Cyperus esculentus L.) and rich in nutrients. This drink is locally produced and widely consumed in Nigeria irrespective of social status. This study is aimed at evaluating the microbial quality and physicochemical property of tigernut drinks sold within Port Harcourt metropolis. Methodology: Thirty (30) samples of freshly prepared and packaged tigernut drinks were randomly purchased from different vendors in five locations of Port Harcourt metropolis (Agip Estate, Abuja Campus (Uniport), Choba, Mile 1 and Mile 2 Markets). The samples were analyzed using standard microbiological and physicochemical methods. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was used to analyze the data. Results: Results obtained showed that the pH of the samples ranged from 4.2 to 4.6 while the total heterotrophic bacterial count ranged from 6. 54-6.74 log10 CFU/mL. Total fungal count of tigernut drinks ranged from 6.0-6.2 log10 CFU/mL. A total of nine (9) bacterial genera namely Staphylococcus sp. (37.3%), Escherichia sp. (21.3%), Salmonella sp. (12%), Pseudomonas sp. (12%), Klebsiella sp. (4%), Bacillus sp. (4%), Micrococcus sp. (4%), Enterobacter sp. (2.7%) and Corynebacterium sp. (2.7%) were isolated from the samples. Six (6) fungal genera were also encountered in the drink sampled which include Rhizopus sp. (1.4%), Saccharomyces sp. (4.4%), Aspergillus sp. (30.9%), Fusarium sp. (26.5%), Penicillium sp. (30.9%) and Candida sp. (5.9%). The result revealed that Staphylococcus sp. had the highest percentage of occurrence (37.3%) followed by E. coli (21.3%), while Enterobacter sp. (2.7%) and Corynebacterium sp. (2.7%) recorded the least. Among the fungal isolates, Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. had the highest percentage of occurrence (30.9%) whereas Rhizopus sp. had the least (1.4%). The results of this study revealed that all the samples from the five (5) locations were heavily contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms and found not suitable for human consumption based on the standard recommended by National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC). NAFDAC stipulated that mesophilic aerobic count of locally prepared beverages should be < 5.0 log10 CFU/mL. Conclusion: The huge contamination recorded in all the samples irrespective of the location could be linked to poor hygienic levels during processing. Therefore, good manufacturing practices, public health enlightenment campaign and strict regulations from relevant agencies are recommended to avoid foodborne infections, diseases and possible deaths which could result from consumption of such contaminated tigernut drinks.

scholarly journals Assessing Nigerian Butchers’ Knowledge and Perception of Good Hygiene and Storage Practices: A Cattle Slaughterhouse Case Analysis

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1165
Author(s):  
Charles Odilichukwu R. Okpala ◽  
Obichukwu Chisom Nwobi ◽  
Małgorzata Korzeniowska
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Consumer Safety ◽  
Beef Products ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Good Hygiene ◽  
Provided Examples

In Nigeria, the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) guides the inspection and production of beef meat and prescribes the good practices pertinent to beef products’ handling, processing, and packaging. Specifically, good hygiene practice (GHP) assures beef product safety and consumer protection, whereas good storage practice (GSP) assures the continuity of hygiene activities within the storage stages. Relevant literature about butchers’ knowledge and perception of good hygiene and storage practices within Nigeria slaughterhouses remains scant. This current study, therefore, assessed butchers’ knowledge and perception of good hygiene and storage practices through a cattle slaughterhouse case analysis. The selected cattle slaughterhouse serves the increasingly thriving Nsukka beef market in Enugu State, Nigeria. Content validation was utilised to authenticate the questionnaire items, which were administered face-to-face to the respondents (i.e., the butchers). The questionnaire included a total of 30 questions. The results showed that the butchers were male (Freq. = 100%, n = 50), acquired their knowledge informally (Freq. = 88%, n = 44), were largely with more than 5 years of slaughterhouse experience (Freq. = 82%, n = 41), and were strongly (p < 0.0001) familiar with good hygiene (Freq. = 96%, n = 48) and storage (Freq. = 98%, n = 49) practices. The butchers provided examples that demonstrated knowledge and perception aspects of GHP and GSP. The perception aspects of GHP and GSP were correlated more, compared to knowledge and knowledge versus perception. Very conscious of their knowledge and perception of good hygiene and storage practices, the butchers herein have to strive for continuous improvement in their slaughterhouse activities to assure beef quality and consumer safety.

scholarly journals Overview of Major Bacterial Contaminants of Drinking Water in Nigeria: A Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Oche Joseph Otorkpa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Drinking Water Contamination ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
And Control

Aim and Objectives: The objective of this study was to provide an overview of the microorganisms implicated in the contamination of household drinking water in Nigeria, their pattern of distribution and the regulatory gap(s) if any that is responsible for the cases of drinking water contamination and water borne diseases in Nigeria. Study Design and Methodology: The methodology employed for this study involved a comprehensive and critical review of ten randomly selected studies to identify the major bacterial contaminants of drinking water in Nigeria and their distribution. This review was restricted to microbiological measures of drinking water contamination excluding chemical aspects of water quality. Results: Escherchia coli was found to be the predominant microbial contaminant of drinking water in the studies reviewed with 70%, Klebsiella sp 60%, Pseudomonas aeruginos 60%, Staphylococcus aureus 50%, Proteus sp 50%, Enterobacter aerogenes 40%, Streptococcus fecalis 30%, Salmonella typhi 30% and 10% for Vibrio cholerae and Shigella sp. Conclusion: The presence of microbes in drinking water especially E. coli reported in 70 percent of the studies reviewed is a source of concern. The presence of toxin producing strains of E. coli like the O157:H7 in drinking water can result in fatal consequences like hemorrhagic diarrhea and kidney failure. The widespread presence of other disease-causing organisms further confirms that a good number of the drinking water presented as safe for consumption across Nigeria are actually not fit for human consumption. The gaps reported in most of the studies reviewed were mainly oversight gaps in monitoring by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and control, NAFDAC, the agency charged with monitoring food and drugs in the country.

scholarly journals Re-inventing Nigeria's Public Sector: A Review of National Agency for Food, Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinyeaka Justine Igbokwe-Ibeto
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sample Size Determination ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Food Drug Administration ◽  
And Control

Public  Over the years, the efficiency and effectiveness of Nigeria’s public sector has been a subject of debate. However, in recent time, the organizational performance and service delivery of National Agency for Food, Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) have been a success story. Within the framework of New Public Management (NPM) theory, the study investigates the secrete behind the degree of success achieved by NAFDAC with the aim of recommending such to other public sector organizations in Nigeria which has over the year’s demonstrated lack of zeal for service delivery. The study relied heavily on primary and secondary data. Yamani’s formula for sample size determination was used to select a sample of 133 employees from NAFDAC Lagos office out of a total of 200. Weighted mean and chi-square statistical tools was used to determine the independence or otherwise of the variables under investigation. It is the position of the study that NPM has enhanced NAFDAC’s performance and service delivery. It concludes that since the traditional public administration theories has failed to deliver the much needed public goods and services, it is therefore imperative to reinvent Nigeria’s public sector in line with (NPM) international best practices so as to reposition the Nigerian public sector for the challenges of a modern and rapidly changing world. However, while change is desirable, we feel there is need to exercise caution on account of the peculiar nature and character of the Nigerian state and society. Reinventing the country’s public sector should progress slowly and wisely.

scholarly journals Improving Access to Vitally Important Chemotherapy Treatments in Northern Nigeria Through the African Access Initiative

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 59-59
Author(s):  
Mohammed Faruk ◽  
Tajudeen Olasinde ◽  
Abdullahi Adamu ◽  
Analise LeJeune-Stodieck ◽  
Noah Hunthausen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
And Control

PURPOSE Cancer now kills more Africans than malaria. Without intervention, the number of cancer deaths in Africa is projected to double by 2040. BIO Ventures for Global Health (BVGH) launched the African Access Initiative (AAI) to address Africa’s cancer crisis by establishing sustainable access to cancer medicines. Through AAI, BVGH and the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) are piloting a first-of-its-kind program focused on improving Nigeria’s access to affordable, gold-standard cancer drugs manufactured by multinational pharmaceutical companies. METHODS BVGH, the Federal Ministry of Health, and Nigerian oncologists held a stakeholder meeting to prioritize cancers and their associated drugs. After the meeting, pharmaceutical companies were invited to submit proposals outlining the terms by which the prioritized drugs could be made available. In parallel, Nigeria’s regulatory agency, the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, was engaged to discuss expediting its review and approval of priority drugs. RESULTS Forty-one priority cancer drugs covering 8 of Nigeria’s most prevalent cancers were selected for this program. Requests for proposals were sent to 14 multinational pharmaceutical companies. Companies responded with deeply discounted access prices, the majority of which were more affordable than cancer drugs available through ABUTH’s current procurement structure. On the basis of the companies’ proposed prices, BVGH crafted a budgeting tool tailored to the cancer treatment protocols offered at ABUTH. Using this tool, ABUTH, together with 7 northern Nigerian teaching hospitals and under the leadership of Ahmadu Bello University, calculated the number of patients they could treat and drug quantities they could purchase with their current budget. The relevant funds will be placed in an externally managed escrow account to ensure oversight of the drug procurement process. BVGH is working with the pharmaceutical companies and National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control to hasten approval of priority drugs. CONCLUSION The AAI drug access model is not donation based. Instead, it is an innovative, demand-driven program that is uniquely positioned to ensure affordable and sustainable access to cancer drugs in Africa.

scholarly journals Assessment of Aflatoxin B1 Content of some Local Rice Cultivars in Kaduna State-Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3a) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
DP Feka ◽  
BA Anhwange ◽  
PA Adie
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
National Agency ◽  
African Community ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
And Control

Thirty-nine samples of rice were collected from thirteen Local Government Areas in Kaduna State and analysed for Aflatoxin B1 using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Concentrations of aflatoxin B1 was highest (177.2 µg/kg), in sample obtained at Sanga Local Government Area. These values were above the permissible limits described by some regulatory bodies like National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), European Union (EU) and European African Community (EAC). The concentrations (0.3µg/kg) of samples obtained from Kauru Local Government Area were observed to be the lowest. Generally, the rice samples investigated were found to contain varying concentrations of aflatoxin B1. This implies that direct consumption of the rice without pretreatment to reduce the aflatoxin content could be detrimental to health.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Potassium Bromate in Bread in Ibadan Metropolis: Fifteen Years after Ban in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Augustine I. Airaodion ◽  
Ogbonnaya Ewa ◽  
Emmanuel O. Ogbuagu ◽  
Uloaku Ogbuagu ◽  
Aanu P. Agunbiade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Bromate ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Purple Colour ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Food Drug Administration ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Baking Industry ◽  
And Control

Background: In 2003, the National Agency for Food, Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), the agency responsible for regulating drugs, foods and chemicals in Nigeria, banned the use of potassium bromate in bread on account of its deleterious effect and carcinogenicity in humans. Aim: This study is aimed at investigating the level of compliance to the use of potassium bromate in bread fifteen years after ban. Study Design: This study was made to fit a one way Analysis of Variance. Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in Ibadan, the Oyo State capital of Nigeria between July and December, 2018. Methodology: Thirty loaves of bread were purchased in Ibadan metropolis. They were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for the presence of potassium bromate in them. Quantitative determination was done using spectrophotometric method that is based on the redox reaction between bromate and promethazine hydrochloride in an acidic medium. The absorbance of the product was read at 620 nm. The qualitative test was performed directly on a portion of each bread sample using 2 ml of 0.01 M promethazine and 0.6 ml of 12 M hydrochloric acid. The change in colour of each bread sample to purple indicates the presence of potassium bromate. Results: All the 30 bread samples analyzed contain potassium bromate. The concentration of KBrO3 in the sampled bread ranged between 1.24 µg/g and 9.31 µg/g. The quantity of KBrO3 in each bread sample correlates with the degree of purple colour obtained in the qualitative test. Conclusion: Since all the sampled bread had potassium bromate in concentration above safe level for human consumption, bread consumers and bakers are at risk of exposure to potassium bromate with health implications. The need for continuous surveillance and enforcement of the ban on use of potassium bromate in baking industry in Nigeria is recommended.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document