scholarly journals A Sequential Third Order Rotatable Design in Four Dimensions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyakundi O. Cornelious
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Controllable Factors ◽  
Special Circumstances ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Rotatable Design

In research, experiments must be performed at pre-determined levels of the controllable factors, meaning that an experimental design must be selected prior to experimentation. Once an experimenter has chosen a polynomial model of suitable order, the problem arises on how best to choose the settings for the independent variables over which he has control. A particular selection of settings or factor levels at which observations are to be taken is called a design. A design may become inappropriate under special circumstances requiring an increase in factors or levels to make it more desirable. In agriculture for instance, continuous cultivation of crops may exhaust previously available mineral elements necessitating a sequential appendage of the mineral elements which become deficient in the soil over time. In this study, a fifty six points third order rotatable design is constructed by adding a set of factors to a second order  rotatable design in four dimensions and a practical hypothetical example is given by converting coded level to natural levels.  This design permits a response surface to be fitted easily and provide spherical information contours besides the economic use of scarce resources in relevant production processes.

scholarly journals A Sequential Third Order Rotatable Design of Eighty Points in Four Dimensions with an Hypothetical Case Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nyakundi Omwando Cornelious ◽  
Matunde Nambilo Cruyff
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Hypothetical Case ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Controllable Factors ◽  
Rotatable Design

In research, experiments must be performed at pre determined levels of the controllable factors, meaning that an experimental design must be selected before the experiment takes place. Once an experimenter has chosen a polynomial model of suitable order, the problem arises on how best to choose the settings for the independent variables over which he has control. A particular selection of settings or factor levels at which observations are to be taken is called a design. A design may become inappropriate under special circumstances requiring an increase in factors or levels to make it more desirable. In agriculture for instance, continuous cultivation of crops may exhaust the previously available mineral elements necessitating a sequential appendage of the mineral elements which become deficient in the soil over time. In current study, an eighty  points four  dimensional  third order rotatable design is constructed by combining two, four dimensional second order rotatable  designs and a practical hypothetical case study is given by converting coded levels to natural levels. We present an illustration on how to obtain the mathematical parameters of the coded values and its corresponding natural levels for a third order rotatable design in four dimensions by utilizing response surface methodology to approximate the functional relationship between the performance characteristics and the design variables.  This design permits a response surface to be fitted easily and provides spherical information contours besides the economic use of scarce resources in relevant production processes.

scholarly journals A note on Variance-Sum Third Order Slope Rotatable Designs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 760-766
Author(s):  
R. Md. Mastan Shareef
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Interesting Property ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Controllable Factors ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Rotatable Design

Abstract: Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of mathematical and statistical techniques useful for analyzing experiments where the yield is believed to be influenced by one or more controllable factors. Box and Hunter (1957) introduced rotatable designs in order to explore the response surfaces. The analogue of Box-Hunter rotatability criterion is a requirement that the variance of i yˆ(x)/ x be constant on circles (v=2), spheres (v=3) or hyperspheres (v 4) at the design origin. These estimates of the derivatives would then be equally reliable for all points (x , x ,...,x ) 1 2 v equidistant from the design origin. This property is called as slope rotatability (Hader and Park (1978)).Anjaneyulu et al (1995 &2000) introduced Third Order Slope Rotatable Designs. Anjaneyulu et al(2004) introduced and established that TOSRD(OAD) has the additional interesting property that the sum of the variance of estimates of slopes in all axial directions at any point is a function of the distance of the point from the design origin. In this paper we made an attempt to construct Variance-Sum Third Order Slope Rotatable in four levels. Keywords: Response Surface Methodology. Third Order Slope Rotatable Design; TOSRD (OAD), Variance-Sum Third Order Slope Rotatable Design.

scholarly journals Construction of twenty-six points specific optimum second order rotatable designs in three dimensions with a practical example

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tum Isaac Kipkosgei
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Quadratic Response Surface ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Free Parameters ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Rotatable Design

This quadratic response surface methodology focuses on finding the levels of some (coded) predictor variables x = (x1u, x2u, x3u)' that optimize the expected value of a response variable yu from natural levels. The experiment starts from some best guess or “control” combination of the predictor variables (usually coded to x = 0 for this case x1u=30, x2u=25 and x3u =40) and experiment is performed varying them in a region around this center point.We go further to construct a specific optimum second order rotatable design of three factors in twenty-six points. The achievement of this is done with estimation of the free parameters using calculus in an existing second order rotatable design of twenty-six points. Such a design permits a response surface to be fitted easily and provides spherical information contours besides the realizations of optimum combination of ingredients in Agriculture, horticulture and allied sciences which results in economic use of scarce resources in relevant production processes. The expected second order rotatable design model in three dimensions is available where the responses would then facilitate the estimation of the linear and quadratic coefficients. An example involving Phosphate (x1u), Nitrogen (x2u) and Potassium (x3u) is used to represent the three factors in the coded level and converted into natural levels.  

scholarly journals Group Divisible Variance – Sum Third Order Rotatable Design through Balanced Incomplete Block Designs in Four Dimensions

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
N. Chebet ◽  
M. Kosgei ◽  
G. Kerich
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Incomplete Block ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Group ◽  
Group Divisible ◽  
Origin Group ◽  
Balanced Incomplete Block ◽  
Rotatable Design

In the study of rotatable designs, the variance of the estimated response at a point is a function of the distance of that point from a particular origin. Group divisible Rotatable Designs have been evolved by imposing conditions on the levels of factors in a rotatable design. In Group Divisible Third Order Rotatable Designs (GDTORD), the v-factors are split into two groups of p and (v-p) factors such that the variance of a response estimated at a point equidistant from the centre of the designs is a function of the distances  and from a suitable origin for each group respectively. Where  and   denotes the distances of the projection of the points in each of the group from a suitable origin respectively. In this paper, a four dimensional Group Divisible Variance-Sum Third Order Rotatable Design is constructed using a balanced incomplete block design.  

Foundation of concept of constitutional homeopathic remedy by using electropuncture methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (47) ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
Tatiana Akaeva ◽  
Karen Mkhitaryan
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Elements ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Homeopathic Remedy ◽  
Clinical Efficiency ◽  
Resonance Test ◽  
Homeopathic Preparation ◽  
Bioresonance Therapy ◽  
Selection Of

The work is dedicated to the issue concerning the foundation of the concept of constitutional homeopathic remedy in homeopathy and informational medicine by using the methods of vegetative resonance test and bioresonance therapy (VRT-BRT), using high signal mineral elements. In order to objectivize the mentioned concept, are identified three possible approaches. Are proposed the criteria of selection of the constitutional homeopathic preparation - VRT. Is presented the statistic equivalence, the validity and the clinical efficiency of these criteria.

scholarly journals Measuring business schools’ service quality in an emerging market using an extended SERVQUAL instrument

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Mbise ◽  
R. S.J. Tuninga
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Business Schools ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Student Experiences ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Scarce Resources

An extended SERVQUAL instrument is developed, validated and used to measure perceived service quality delivered to students by business schools in an emerging market economy. A longitudinal survey is conducted with selected students in their final year of study from two business schools in an emerging market economy. The use of the extended SERVQUAL model is suggested to monitor student/employee expectations and perceptions during and after the education service delivery process. Students attach different weights to the service quality dimensions. A new Process Outcome dimension is found to substantially add to the SERVQUAL model and is more important than the other dimensions. The validity of the extended SERVQUAL model for practical use is α >0.95. Prediction of the level of service quality delivered, using four dimensions, indicates that the level of service quality is explained mostly by Process Outcome and Tangibles dimensions. It is suggested that using the extended SERVQUAL model as a tool can enable managers of business schools to identify the factors on which students/employees base their quality assessment of the education services they receive. Knowledge of these factors will enable managers in emerging economies to periodically assess, sustain and improve quality of the whole service delivery process. Priorities can be set to allocate scarce resources properly to make effective investment decisions to improve quality per school and in higher education, in general. The paper further suggests that regulatory bodies make use of this model when comparing performance of business schools, focusing on student experiences as a supplement to the traditional performance measures.

scholarly journals Simplicity and economic use of language elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Marek Ruszkowski
Keyword(s):  
Communication Situation ◽  
Language Style ◽  
The Law ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents, through a selection of examples, some relations between the simplicity of language elements and their economic use. In linguistic studies, economic use is usually understood too narrowly and is limited to the removal of exceptions and irregular constructions and the use of shorter forms. Also, simplicity of linguistic expressions is sometimes perceived too superficially. Factors such as simplicity of articulation, euphony or the pursuit of accuracy in terms of information being conveyed (semantic simplicity) are not always taken into account. Too hastily, economic use is identified with simplicity of expression. It can be done in some situations, yet not always. The law of linguistic economy (the use of shorter forms and structures) often gives way to a tendency for simplicity (the use of forms that are easier to apply). It is necessary to distinguish the simplicity and economic use of the broadcaster from the simplicity and economics of the recipient. What is simple and economic for the sender does not necessarily have to be simple and economic for the addressee. Considerations on economic use and simplicity of linguistic measures take too little account of the contribution of different factors: the language style; the function a text is expected to have; the intentions of the sender; the addressee to whom a text is addressed; the communication situation, etc.

scholarly journals Unpacking Scientific Competence for Effective Integration in the Curriculum Design

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Napal Fraile ◽  
Ana María Mendióroz Lacambra ◽  
Alicia Peñalva Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Multimedia Resources ◽  
Societal Changes ◽  
Scientific Competence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Effective Integration ◽  
Specific Definition ◽  
Selection Of

Educating for Sustainability involves promoting sustainable competences in students. Not in vain, wider societal changes that ensure a balance between economic growth, respect for the environment and social justice must start with individual actions, implying knowledge, capacity and willingness to act. However, and although there is wide consensus that education should promote the development of competences for life, putting this theoretical tenet into may entail more problems. Competence is most often expressed in general terms without a specific definition of the intervening elements (knowledge, skills, values, attitudes), which may collide with the necessity of teachers – as learning planners - concrete entities on which to base their process of design. So that, in this work we propose a series of indicators that serve to characterize the four dimensions of scientific competence – contents of science, contents about science, value of science and utility of science-. Although they are primarily intended to be used to filter multimedia resources in an educational platform, this proposal of indicators can be extrapolated to the management and selection of a variety of resources and activities, and for sharing the objectives and evidences for the acquisition of competencies.

Anwenderfreundliche Prozessüberwachungssysteme/User-friendly Process Monitoring Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (06) ◽  
pp. 435-439
Author(s):  
Berend Denkena ◽  
Benjamin Bergmann ◽  
H. Tobias Stiehl
Keyword(s):  
Process Monitoring ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Monitoring Performance ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Selection Of

Prozessüberwachungssysteme reduzieren Ausschuss und Stillstände. Allerdings schränken die prozessspezifische Parametrierung und das erforderliche Expertenwissen den wirtschaftlichen Einsatz der Systeme ein. Dieser Beitrag stellt nachvollziehbare und automatische Ansätze zur Auswahl geeigneter Signale, ihrer Verarbeitung und Bildung von Überwachungsgrenzen vor. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die damit erreichte Überwachungsleistung vergleichbar mit einer Konfiguration durch geschultes Personal ist.   Process monitoring systems reduce scrap, rework and downtime. However, process-specific parameterization and the required expert knowledge limit the economic use of the systems. This article presents approaches to the autonomous and comprehensible parameterization of systems covering the selection of suitable signals, their processing and the formation of monitoring limits. The results show that the achieved monitoring performance is comparable to a configuration by experts.

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