scholarly journals Surface Runoff Estimation for Godavari Eastern Delta Using SCS Curve Number and Geographical Information System

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
G. Kishore Kumar ◽  
M. Raghu Babu ◽  
A. Mani ◽  
M. Martin Luther ◽  
V. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Erdas Imagine ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques

NRSC-CN for surface runoff estimation is one of the most widely used methods. GIS and remote sensing techniques facilitate accurate estimation of surface runoff from an area. Water availability estimation can be understand by rainfall and runoff is essential. Runoff generated by rainfall is not only dependent on the intensity, duration and the distribution of rainfall, but also soil type, vegetation, and land-use types have significant effects on the runoff pattern. The present study aims to estimate runoff in a study area. The study was carried out in Godavari Eastern Delta in Andhra Pradesh, India. The land use/land cover map, soil map was prepared. The soil and land use map has been prepared by the information available at Andhra Pradesh space application centre. For the rectification of reference, soil and land use map of the study area ERDAS IMAGINE-8.4 software was used. For 30 years surface runoff was estimated, as the runoff value depends on the rainfall, trend of runoff was found to be highly dependable on the quantity of rainfall received within the entire study area. The yearly trend of rainfall during 1987 was 8.97 it’s but the other years, and therefore the runoff was also found to follow an equivalent trend. Similarly, for the year 1995, the runoff was recorded as high, which was also having the highest rainfall.

scholarly journals Estimation of Surface Water Runoff for a Semi-Arid Area Using RS and GIS-Based SCS-CN Method

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Al-Ghobari ◽  
Ahmed Dewidar ◽  
Abed Alataway
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Rs And Gis ◽  
Scs Cn

The proper planning of storage structures, waterways, irrigation schemes, water harvesting, erosion control structures, and groundwater development strategies requires accurate estimation of surface runoff. However, hydrologists in Saudi Arabia face serious challenges, specifically due to the rare availability of surface runoff data. In this study, the soil conservation service-curve number (SCS-CN) method integrated with geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) was utilized to estimate the surface runoff in Wadi-Uranah basin, in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Different thematic maps such as slope, hydrologic soil group (HSG), land use/land cover (LULC), and daily rainfall have been created in GIS environment and processed to generate the curve number (CN) and surface runoff maps. Based on the soil classification results, the study area was categorized into two HSGs (B and C). The dominant HSG was group C, representing about 98.8% of the total area. The LULC analysis showed four main land use types in the study region: urban, rocks, barren soil, and agricultural areas. Furthermore, the finding results showed that CN values for the normal conditions (CNII) ranged between 74 and 93 in agricultural and both urban and rock areas, respectively. The CNII values were further corrected using slope data to derive slope-adjusted CNII. Moreover, the rainfall-runoff results showed an increase in the daily runoff of the study region with a minimum of 15 mm to a maximum of 74 mm. Another interesting result was rainfall-runoff linear regression analysis that showed a good correlation of 0.98. Additionally, the peak runoff hydrograph flows for 10-, 50-, and 100-year return periods obtained from the SCS-based dimensionless unit hydrograph were 828, 1353, and 1603 m3/s, respectively. Therefore, this study highlights that the SCS-CN method integrated with RS and GIS deserves further attention for estimating runoff of ungauged basins for better basins management and conservation purposes.

scholarly journals Conversion of land use and cover in northwest Amazon (Brazil)

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Antonio da Silva Junior ◽  
Marcos Rafael Nanni ◽  
Anderson Antonio da Silva ◽  
Everson Cezar ◽  
Franciele Romagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Land Cover Mapping ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Space Management ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Northwest Amazon ◽  
Land Use And Cover

The increasing use of natural resources in a disorderly way has been demanding constant monitoring and ecological-economic zoning. The knowledge on land use and cover allows that measures that guarantee the preservation, maintenance of the environment and space management be appropriate to the reality, since through these factors it is possible to follow the probable environmental impacts and the socioeconomic development of a place in several contexts. The Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing techniques have been applied to land use and land cover mapping. This study aimed to analyze the conversion of land use from different perspectives, concerning geoprocessing techniques, in the southeastern of Roraima State, Brazil, in two distinct periods. In order to verify the land use and cover, two analyses were conducted, using the Spring and TerraView softwares. Great part of the cultivated areas was converted into capoeira, what probably denotes an ending of profitable agriculture, as well as its abandonment caused by the nutritional deficiency of the soil, that became inappropriate for cultivation in the subsequent years. A fuzzy logic would possibly fit well to the types of data analyzed, because the attribute query is overly complex.

scholarly journals The effect of land uses to change on infiltration capacity and surface runoff at latung sub watershed, Padang City Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 08002
Author(s):  
Rusli HAR ◽  
Aprisal ◽  
Werry Darta Taifur ◽  
Teguh Haria Aditia Putra
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Rainwater Infiltration ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Hydrology Modeling ◽  
Runoff Discharge

Changes in land use in the Air Dingin watershed (DAS) area in Padang City, Indonesia, lead to a decrease in rainwater infiltration volume to the ground. Some land use in the Latung sub-watershed decrease in infiltration capacity with an increase in surface runoff. This research aims to determine the effect of land-use changes on infiltration capacity and surface runoff. Purposive sampling method was used in this research. The infiltration capacity was measured directly in the field using a double-ring infiltrometer, and the data was processed using the Horton model. The obtained capacity was quantitatively classified using infiltration zoning. Meanwhile, the Hydrologic Engineering Center - Hydrology Modeling System with the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph- Soil Conservation Service -Curve Number method was used to analyze the runoff discharge. The results showed that from the 13 measurement points carried out, the infiltration capacity ranges from 0.082 - 0.70 cm/minute or an average of 0.398 cm/minute, while the rainwater volume is approximately 150,000 m3/hour/km2. Therefore, the soil infiltration capacity in the Latung sub-watershed is in zone VI-B or very low. This condition had an impact on changes in runoff discharge in this area, from 87.84 m3/second in 2010 to 112.8 m3/second in 2020 or a nail of 22.13%. Based on the results, it is concluded that changes in the land led to low soil infiltration capacity, thereby leading to an increase in surface runoff.

scholarly journals Flood maps and their potential role in local spatial planning: a case study from Slovakia

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1042-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Vojtek ◽  
Jana Vojteková
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
The One ◽  
Flood Maps

Abstract The article is focused on the creation of flood maps for ungauged basins (i.e. local spatial scale areas), using a hydrologic-hydraulic approach, geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques, and their role in local spatial planning. The case study is represented by the Turniansky potok catchment which was not mapped in the preliminary flood risk assessment (EU Floods Directive) as an area with existing potential risk. The design discharges were estimated by applying the regional formula. The design discharge with 100-year return period was chosen for hydraulic modeling using the one-dimensional HEC-RAS model. The basis for creating the flood vulnerability map for the selected hydraulic domain was the current land use. Each land use category was assigned a category of acceptable risk (low, medium, high). Furthermore, the vulnerability was defined by digitizing buildings within the hydraulic domain. The role of the created flood maps, as regulatory tools in local spatial planning (i.e. local development plan of municipality), was highlighted and discussed. The importance of flood maps is primarily seen in limiting the irresponsible expansion and densification of construction in the areas near the watercourse which were assigned the low acceptable risk.

scholarly journals The influence of deforestation and anthropogenic activities on runoff generation

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaleghi Mohammad Reza
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Flood Peak

In recent decades, due to rapid human population increases and in its results, destructive effects of anthropogenic activities on natural resources have become a great challenge. Land use and vegetation are important factors in soil erosion and runoff generation. This study was performed to assess the effects of different amounts of forest cover on the control of runoff and soil loss in the Talar basin, which is located in Mazandaran province, using a runoffrainfall model, geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) to determine the hydrologic effects of deforestation on the Talar watershed (north of Iran). A runoff-rainfall model has been presented using GIS (HECGeoHMS) and hydrologic model (HEC-HMS). Land use changes (deforestation) and anthropogenic activities (roads and impervious surfaces development) were evaluated using RS techniques and satellite images. We used the Soil Conservation Service and Curve Number methods for hydrograph simulation and runoff estimation, respectively. First, a model was performed and optimized. Afterward, the optimized model was evaluated by other six events of floods (model validation). According to the obtained results, the runoff generation potential has been increased in the Talar watershed due to deforestation during the last forty years. Land use changes cause an increase in runoff volume and flood peak discharge.

scholarly journals Role of Relief and Slope in Agricultural Land Use: A Case Study in Valapattanam River Basin in Kannur District, Kerala Using GIS and Remote Sensing

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
P. Jyothirmayi ◽  
B. Sukumar
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Erdas Imagine

The land is a delineable area of the earth's surface, encompassing all attributes of the biosphere immediately above or below this surface. Physical characteristics of the land determine agricultural land use. Among them, relief and slope play an important role. Aim of this study is to establish the relationship of relief and slope with agricultural land use in Valapattanam River basin in Kannur district using GIS and Remote sensing. The Survey of India Topographic maps in 1:50000 scale was used as a base map for delineating the basin. Contours were digitized and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was generated. Agricultural land use map was prepared using satellite digital data by the digital image processing method using ERDAS IMAGINE image processing software. Agricultural land use map was intersected with the relief and slope classes in ArcGIS software. Areas were calculated and the trend of agricultural land use patterns was studied. The study revealed that there is a strong correlation between Agricultural land use and relief and slope in the Valapattanam River basin. Most of the area under paddy, coconut, mixed crops like banana and tapioca concentrated below 20 m height in the coastal plain and valley regions of the basin. Rubber mostly cultivated between 100 and 300 meters with slopes between 3 to 12 degrees. Agriculture is limited up to 18-degree slope and 300 m height. Areas of more than 300 m height are occupied mostly by forest.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing Application for Exploring Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics in and Around Chatra Wetland, English Bazar, West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Saleha Jamal ◽  
Md Ashif Ali
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Erdas Imagine ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Vegetation Water

Wetlands are often called as biological “supermarket” and “kidneys of the landscape” due to their multiple functions, including water purification, water storage, processing of carbon and other nutrients, stabilization of shorelines and support of aquatic lives. Unfortunately, although being dynamic and productive ecosystem, these wetlands have been affected by human induced land use changes. India is losing wetlands at the rate of 2 to 3 per cent each year due to over-population, direct deforestation, urban encroachment, over fishing, irrigation and agriculture etc (Prasher, 2018). The present study tries to investigate the nature and degree of land use/land cover transformation, their causes and resultant effects on Chatra Wetland. To fulfil the purpose of the study, GIS and remote sensing techniques have been employed. Satellite imageries have been used from United States Geological Survey (USGS) Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager for the year 2003 and 2018. Cloud free imageries of 2003 and 2018 have been downloaded from USGS (https://glovis.usgs.gov/) for the month of March and April respectively. Image processing, supervised classificationhas been done in ArcGis 10.5 and ERDAS IMAGINE 14. The study reveals that the settlement hasincreased by about 90.43 per cent in the last 15 years around the Chatra wetland within the bufferzone of 2 Sq km. Similarly agriculture, vegetation, water body, swamp and wasteland witnessed asignificant decrease by 5.94 per cent, 57.69 per cent, 26.64 per cent 4.52 per cent and 55.27 per centrespectively from 2003 to 2018.

scholarly journals GIS and remote sensing techniques for the assessment of land use changes impact on flood hydrology: the case study of Yialias Basin in Cyprus

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 4833-4869 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Alexakis ◽  
M. G. Gryllakis ◽  
A. G. Koutroulis ◽  
A. Agapiou ◽  
K. Themistocleous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques

Abstract. Flooding is one of the most common natural disasters worldwide, leading to economic losses and loss of human lives. This paper highlights the hydrological effects of multi-temporal land use changes in flood hazard within the Yialias catchment area, located in central Cyprus. Calibrated hydrological and hydraulic models were used to describe the hydrological processes and internal basin dynamics of the three major sub-basins, in order to study the diachronic effects of land use changes. For the implementation of the hydrological model, land use, soil and hydrometeorological data were incorporated. The climatic and stream flow data were derived from rain and flow gauge stations located in the wider area of the watershed basin. In addition, the land use and soil data were extracted after the application of object oriented nearest neighbor algorithms of ASTER satellite images. Subsequently, the CA-Markov chain analysis was implemented to predict the 2020 Land use/Land cover (LULC) map and incorporate it to the hydrological impact assessment. The results denoted the increase of runoff in the catchment area due to the recorded extensive urban sprawl phenomenon of the last decade.

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