scholarly journals Analysis of Trends, Growth and Instability in Rice Production in Andhra Pradesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
G. P. Sunandini ◽  
K. Solmon Raju Paul ◽  
Shakuntala Devi Irugu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The Past

The study has been taken up with the objective of investigating the trends, pattern of growth and the extent of instability in area, production and productivity of rice crop in Andhra Pradesh state over a period of five and half decades from 1959-60 to 2013-14. Compound Growth Rate and Coefficient of Variation were used to calculate the annual growth rate and instability. The area, production and productivity of rice in this period has increased by 25, 201 and 138 per cent respectively. In this period, the districts were categorised and grouped under different groups based on average productivity of rice. During the study period many of the districts moved from very low productivity to high productivity group. During 1960s, 17 districts are under very low productivity group (<1500 kg/ha) and in 2010s 13 districts are under high productivity group (>3000 kg/ha). During the period 2014-19 in the divided Andhra Pradesh contribution of different productivity groups to the states paddy production was calculated and concluded that 3 districts under high productivity group (>6000kg/ha) contributed 52 per cent of the production. During 2010s annual growth rates for area, production and productivity are 4.08, 4.02 and 1.21 respectively. In all the periods in the past five and half decades, production and productivity growth rates are higher than growth rate in area except in 2010s. Instability was higher in production and area than in productivity.  The annual growth rate and the instability of production and area are higher in 2010s. Suitable crop planning is to be initiated, adoption of sustainable management practices are to be intensified to maintain the growth rate and reduce the instability in area and production.

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of Electronic Cigarette Publications: 2003–2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Briganti ◽  
Cristine Delnevo ◽  
Leanne Brown ◽  
Shirin Hastings ◽  
Michael Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nih Funding

Electronic cigarettes are at the center of a public health policy debate which leverages scientific publications. This study characterizes e-cigarette publication trends over the past 15 years via a bibliometric analysis. Scopus was searched for “electronic cigarette”, “e-cig”, “e-cigarette”, “vape”, “vaping”, “juul”, or “electronic nicotine delivery system” between 2003–2018. Data included Hirsch index, document type and frequency, and publications by institution, journal, and country. VOSviewer was used to visualize authorship network maps. A total of 4490 e-cigarette publications were identified, most (62.8%) being articles. After 2009, the annual growth rate for e-cigarette publications was the largest in 2014. The annual growth rate was nearly flat in 2017 but increased in 2018. The U.S. produced 51.6% of publications. Annual National Institutes of Health NIH funding for tobacco research mapped closely with the annual volume of e-cigarette publications. Author network analyses illustrated investigator collaborative patterns. The frequency of e-cigarette publications increased significantly in the past decade. A strong relationship of NIH funding for tobacco research and e-cigarette publications demonstrates the importance of e-cigarettes in tobacco research.

scholarly journals Phenology and growth indicators of honey trees and bushes in Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 02050
Author(s):  
J. M. Jumayev ◽  
M. Z. Kholmurodov ◽  
K. A. Khalilova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Sophora Japonica ◽  
Symphoricarpos Albus ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Growth Indicators

This article presents the results of research on the study of some bioecological properties of honey-producing trees and shrubs. The flowering period of the main trees and shrubs is March-June and allows to obtain a high amount of honey. During the summer months, Lycium barbarum, Symphoricarpos albus, Sophora japonica species continue to bloom until autumn. According to the data, the growth rates of all trees and shrubs were at the level of demand. In particular, when growing linden trees in the spring, their height increased from 190.5 cm to 230.5 cm in autumn. That was, it grew by 40 cm during one vegetation. The Ligustrum bush had the highest growth rate, with seedlings planted in spring averaging 90 cm in height and 155.8 cm in autumn, with an annual growth rate of 65.8 cm. These indicators depicted that the conditions in the experimental fields were suitable for the growth of trees and shrubs.

The growth oxymoron: strategic execution

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Carol M. Connell ◽  
Christine Lemyze
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Strategy Execution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Compound Annual Growth Rate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Strategic Execution

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a viewpoint on aligning strategy and execution to produce superior business results. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines the long-term financials of the top ten growers to reveal companies that have continued to grow in good economic times and bad, including the Great Recession. While some companies dug deeper into their core businesses during the financial crisis, others continued to innovate. Findings Where companies continued to focus on strategy execution, they were rewarded, for example, Amazon’s compound annual growth rate for the ten-year period that included the financial crisis was 36.45 per cent; in the past three years, Amazon’s compound annual growth rate (CAGR) has been 56.76 per cent. Most of the top ten long-term growers are headed by the same founder/entrepreneur. Research limitations/implications Look beyond the past three years for models of successful strategy execution. Practical implications For long-term company leaders, entrepreneurs, or turnaround experts, strategic execution is no oxymoron, but a requirement for growth and, ultimately, their unique responsibility. Social implications The paper identifies three major focus areas for strategy teams and company leadership: 1. customer centricity and strategy execution; 2. learning from survivors; and 3. rethinking capabilities and talent. Originality/value As a professor of strategic management and as a consultant to organizations on strategy and marketing transformation, we have focused on the activities that are necessary for leaders to create effective strategy and to execute successfully. We have also been responsible for equipping the larger teams of strategy professionals (and future strategy professionals) who support these leaders with the approaches, the methods, and the tools necessary to plan effectively, to assess effectiveness, and to correct problems in strategy and execution. We bring that perspective to this viewpoint paper.

scholarly journals Growth and Instability in Production and Export of Almond in Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wahid Sultani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
World Production ◽  
Compound Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
High Instability

The almond is native to Iran and surrounding countries as well as Asia. In 2017, world production of almonds was 2.2 million tones, with the United States providing 46% of the total. According to FAO Afghanistan is one of the 10 top producers of almonds. The study examined the growth and instability of area, production, export and consumption of almond in Afghanistan from 2000 to 2017. Exponential function fitted to estimate compound annual growth rates (CAGR) in area, production, export and consumption of almond, and Cuddy – Della Valle indices are used in the study. The compound growth rates for area, production and productivity of almonds in Afghanistan were 5.77 %, 7.37 % and 1.52 % respectively. Area under almond crop exhibited medium (19,52) instability, where production and productivity shown high (50.05 and 49.01) instability respectively, during this period. Almond consumption grew by 6.75 per cent and export grew with compound annual growth rate of 6.12 per cent from the year 2000 to 2017.Both export and consumption of almond registered high instability in this period.

On the Age and Growth Rate of Giant Cacti: Radiocarbon Dating of the Spines of Cardon (Pachycereus Pringlei)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Delgado-Fernández ◽  
Pedro P Garcillán ◽  
Exequiel Ezcurra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Columnar Cacti ◽  
Rate Versus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pachycereus Pringlei

AbstractAge estimation has been a limiting factor in the study of giant columnar cacti. In order to test the feasibility of using radiocarbon methods to estimate the age of the giant cardon cacti (Pachycereus pringlei), we selected six sites spanning the latitudinal and precipitation range of the species in the Baja California peninsula. In each site, we selected four individuals of different heights and sampled a spine from the lowest areole in the stem. The age of the spine was estimated using 14C dating, and the mean annual growth rate of the plant was calculated dividing the height of the lead shoot by the plant’s age. Mean annual growth rate was 0.098 m/yr, with values varying between 0.03 and 0.23 m/yr. Within the range of plants sampled, mean annual growth rates were significantly correlated with the height of the plant (r2=0.82, P<0.0001), and no other site-specific variable such as precipitation or latitude was a significant predictor of mean annual growth rates. A model integrating mean growth rate versus height showed that relatively small differences in growth rates between plants accumulate during the plants’ lifetime, so that plants of similar size may have very different ages. We conclude that 14C dating provides a robust method to explore the growth and demography of columnar cacti.

scholarly journals Trend and output growth analysis of major fruits in Chittagong region of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
M Jamal Uddin ◽  
SR Dey ◽  
Tahmina Taslim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Special Programme ◽  
Modern Variety ◽  
Water Melon

The study analyzed the trends, growth rates of area, production and yield of major fruits in Chittagong region and identified factors contributing to output growth during 1993/94-2009/10 using secondary data. The fruits under study were mango, jackfruit, litchi, guava, banana, papaya, ber, pomelo, pineapple, watermelon, lime and lemon. The study revealed that the area of all fruits increased over the period except banana, ber, pomelo and water melon. The highest increase in area was estimated for guava (131.6%) and the lowest for jackfruit (6.4%). Similarly, the production of all fruits over the period was increased except banana and pineapple. The average annual growth rates of area, production and yield for all fruits were found to be positive in all periods (i.e, period I: 1993/94-1997/98; Period II: 1998/99-2003/04, and Period III: 2004/05- 2009/10). But the magnitude of the growth rates of area for all fruits varied significantly. The growth rates of area for mango, jackfruit, litchi and pineapple were increased impressively and significantly. This might be due to the adoption of improved variety and management practices by the farmers. The growth rate of area, production and yield of banana decreased drastically over the period due to absence of modern variety of banana and lack of improved management practices in the region. The growth rates of production for mango were found to be highest in the period III (2004/05-2009/10). But the growth rate of yield of mango was found to be decreased significantly over the periods due to improper management against the pest and diseases by the farmers. The highest percentage of output changed was observed in Banana (149%) followed by pineapple (106%) and jackfruit (83%) between the periods. The lowest percentage of output changed was found in guava (11.7%). The contribution of area was the highest in changing output for mango, jackfruit, litchi, guava, ber, pomelo, watermelon, lime and lemon. The contribution of yield was the highest for banana (135.57%), papaya (76.92%) and pineapple (158.62%) for changing output indicated that the increased area was more responsible for changing in output growth of selected fruits. To increase the growth rate of fruits, improved variety and management practices should be disseminated through undertaking special programme and strengthening research-extension linkage in the Chittagong region.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(1): 137-150, March 2016

scholarly journals Dynamics of Canadian Trade Pattern: A Time-Series Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Hussein Al-Zyoud ◽  
Fathi Elloumi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Compound Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Log Linear

This paper analyses the trends and directions of exports and imports of Canada using the time series data for the period 1981 to 2014. Instantaneous and compound growth rates are calculated by using the log-linear regression model in conjunction with an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model for forecasting future exports and imports. The results of this study show that there is an increasing trend for both exports and imports. As far as the growth rates are concerned, the two estimated log-linear models depict a comprehensive annual picture of Canadian merchandise trade. The exports grow at an instantaneous rate of 4.46% and at a slightly higher than compound annual growth rate of 4.6%. The overall growth rate of imports is 5.41% and compound annual growth rate is 5.27%. The compound growth rate is marginally higher than the instantaneous growth rate.The results of the Johansen test for analyzing the long-run relationship between export, import and GDP have further demonstrated that the variables are co-integrated, and have established a long-run association among them.

A Comparative Evaluation of Trends in Area, Production and Productivity of Cashew in Western and Eastern Regions of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 565-571
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Compound Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Tropical Crop ◽  
Traditional Area

Cashew is an economically important tropical crop. On average, 52 percent of the raw cashew nut processed in India was imported. In recent years, the decreased supply of raw cashew nuts and increased demand for processing forced the cashew sector to concentrate on increased domestic production. To understand the area, production and productivity scenario of cashew nut; India was divided into eastern and western regions based on the traditional area of cashew cultivation along the coasts. The growth in the area under cashew and production of cashew nuts were examined from 2000-01 to 2017-18. Compound Annual Growth rate of area for eastern and western regions was 2.98 and 1.06 percent respectively. The growth rate of production was calculated as 2.08, and 3.55 percent and productivity growth were calculated to be 2.98 and 1.06 percent for eastern and western regions, respectively. The overall average productivity of different varieties in the western and eastern regions was 16.08 and 10.83 kilograms per tree.

Volumetric growth rates of untreated cavernous sinus meningiomas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Carolina Gesteira Benjamin ◽  
Zane Schnurman ◽  
Kimberly Ashayeri ◽  
Eman Kazi ◽  
Reed Mullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Observation Interval ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Volumetric Growth

OBJECTIVE Meningiomas that arise primarily within the cavernous sinus are often believed to be more indolent in their growth pattern. Despite this perceived growth pattern, disabling symptoms can arise even with small tumors. While research has been done on cavernous sinus meningiomas (CSMs) and their treatment, very little is known about their natural growth rates. With a better understanding of the growth rate of CSM, patient treatment and guidance can be can optimized and individualized. The goal of this study was to determine volumetric growth rates of untreated CSMs. METHODS Thirty-seven patients with 166 MR images obtained between May 2004 and September 2019 were reviewed, with a range of 2–13 MR images per patient (average of 4.5 MR images per patient). These scans were obtained over an average follow-up period of 45.9 months (median 33.8, range 2.8–136.9 months). All imaging prior to any intervention was included in this analysis. Volumetric measurements were performed and assessed over time. RESULTS The estimated volumetric growth rate was 23.3% per year (95% CI 10.2%–38.0%, p < 0.001), which is equivalent to an estimated volume doubling time (VDT) of 3.3 years (95% CI 2.1–7.1 years). There was no significant relationship between growth rate and patient age (p = 0.09) or between growth rate and patient sex (p = 0.78). The median absolute growth rate was 41% with a range of −1% to 1793%. With a definition of “growth” as an increase of greater than 20% during the observed period, 65% of tumors demonstrated growth within their observation interval. Growth rates for each tumor were calculated and tumors were segmented based on growth rate. Of 37 patients, 22% (8) demonstrated no growth (< 5% annual growth, equivalent to a VDT > 13.9 years), 32% (12) were designated as slow growth (annual growth rate 5%–20%, VDT 3.5–13.9 years), 38% (14) were found to have medium growth (annual growth rate 20%–100%, VDT 0.7–3.5 years), and 8% were considered fast growing (annual growth rate > 100%, VDT < 0.7 years). CONCLUSIONS This study evaluated CSM volumetric growth rates. A deeper understanding of the natural history of untreated CSMs allows for better counseling and management of patients.

Growth rate and chemical features of the massive calcium carbonate skeleton of Petrobiona massiliana (Baeriida: Calcaronea: Calcispongiae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Hermans ◽  
Philippe Dubois ◽  
Luc Andre ◽  
Jean Vacelet ◽  
Philippe Willenz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Magnesium Calcite ◽  
Discontinuous Growth

In addition to the spicules typically produced by sponges, about twenty hypercalcified species belonging to both classes Demospongiae and Calcispongiae secrete a massive basal calcareous skeleton composed of calcite or aragonite. Skeletal growth rates and growth mechanisms are still poorly known in those hypercalcified Calcispongiae. In situ calcein staining experimentation on the Mediterranean calcisponge Petrobiona massiliana revealed a mean annual growth rate of the massive skeleton of 236 µm/y (±90). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that some spicules are entrapped within the massive skeleton (a solid mass forming apical crests with multidirectional growth axes) during its formation. Whole actines were observed within the massive skeleton of fractured specimens, indicating that they do not dissolve after entrapping. Calcein incorporation bands seen through epifluorescence microscopy and SEM morphological observations of the skeletal surface revealed cone shaped protuberances corresponding to active growth areas. A spatially discontinuous growth was highlighted, but the annual growth rates were similar at the tip of crests and at the bottom of depressions separating them. The skeleton of P. massiliana is composed of magnesium calcite with strontium as the main trace element. Significant differences in skeletal chemistry of specimens collected in different Mediterranean locations revealed a possible temperature dependence of Mg/Ca. Although such temperature signature exists in the massive skeleton of P. massiliana, its use as an accurate environmental recorder is limited by several factors including multidirectional and spatially discontinuous growth.

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