Pineapple Juice Ameliorates the High Fat Diet-induced Alterations in Cardiac Gene Expression Pattern in Male Rats

Abstract Metabolic stress resulting from a nutrient excess causes infertility in both sexes. Kisspeptin-neurokinin B-dynorphin (KNDy) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been suggested to be key players in reproduction via direct stimulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and subsequent gonadotropin release in mammalian species. In this study, we investigated the sex differences in the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on KNDy-associated gene expression in the ARC to determine the pathogenic mechanism underlying obesity-induced infertility. Wistar-Imamichi strain male and female rats (7 weeks of age) were fed either a standard diet (10% calories from fat) or high-fat diet (45% calories from fat) for 4 months. In male rats, the HFD caused a significant suppression of Kiss1(encoding kisspeptin), Tac3(encoding neurokinin B), and Pdyn(encoding dynorphin A) gene expression in the ARC, resulting in a decrease in plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. In female rats, 58% of the HFD-fed female rats exhibited irregular estrous cycles, while the other rats showed regular cycles. LH pulses were found, and the numbers of ARC Kiss1-,Tac3-, and Pdyn-expressing cells were high in control animals and almost allHFD-fed female rats, but two out of 10 rats showed profound HFD-induced suppression of LH pulse frequency and reduction in these cells. No statistical differences in LH secretion or ARC KNDy gene expression were observed between HFD-fed and control female rats. Additionally, the number of Gnrh1-expressing cells in the preoptic area was comparable between the groups in both sexes. Our findings revealed that HFD-fed male rats showed KNDy-dependent infertility, while irregular menstruation was mainly induced by KNDy-independent pathways during the incipient stage of obese infertility in female rats. Taken together, hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons in male rats may be susceptible to HFD-induced obesity compared with those in female rats.

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Melatonin counteracts changes in hypothalamic gene expression of signals regulating feeding behavior in high-fat fed rats

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation ◽

10.1515/hmbci-2014-0041 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

María J. Ríos-Lugo ◽

Vanesa Jiménez-Ortega ◽

Pilar Cano-Barquilla ◽

Pilar Fernández Mateos ◽

Eduardo J. Spinedi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Body Weight ◽

Feeding Behavior ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Control Diet ◽

Male Rats ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

High Fat ◽

Medial Basal Hypothalamus ◽

Group I

AbstractPrevious studies indicate that the administration of melatonin caused body weight and abdominal visceral fat reductions in rodent models of hyperadiposity. The objective of the present study performed in high-fat fed rats was to evaluate the activity of melatonin on gene expression of some medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) signals involved in feeding behavior regulation, including neuropeptide Y (NPY), proopiomelanocortin (POMC), prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), leptin- and insulin-receptors (R) and insulin-R substrate (IRS)-1 and -2. Blood levels of leptin and adiponectin were also measured.Adult Wistar male rats were divided into four groups (n=16 per group): (i) control diet (3% fat); (ii) high-fat (35%) diet; (iii) high-fat diet+melatonin; (iv) control diet+melatonin. Rats had free access to high-fat or control chow and one of the following drinking solutions: (a) tap water; (b) 25 μg/mL of melatonin.After 10 weeks, the high-fat fed rats showed augmented MBH mRNA levels of NPY, leptin-R, PrRP, insulin-R, IRS-1 and IRS-2. The concomitant administration of melatonin counteracted this increase. Feeding of rats with a high-fat diet augmented expression of the MBH POMC gene through an effect insensitive to melatonin treatment. The augmented levels of circulating leptin and adiponectin seen in high-fat fed rats were counteracted by melatonin as was the augmented body weight: melatonin significantly attenuated a body weight increase in high-fat fed rats without affecting chow or water consumption. Melatonin augmented plasma leptin and adiponectin in control rats.The results indicate that an effect on gene expression of feeding behavior signals at the central nervous system (CNS) may complement a peripheral rise of the energy expenditure produced by melatonin to decrease body weight in high-fat fed rats.

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Age-associated Changes in Cardiac Gene Expression after Preconditioning

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0b013e3181bbcb2a ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 111 (5) ◽

pp. 1052-1064 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Lixin Liu ◽

Jiang Zhu ◽

Peter S. A. Glass ◽

Peter R. Brink ◽

Ira J. Rampil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Early Phase ◽

Cell Cycle Control ◽

Transcriptional Response ◽

Male Rats ◽

Gene Chips ◽

Cardiac Gene Expression ◽

Anesthetic Preconditioning ◽

Cardiac Gene

Background Cardiac protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and anesthetic preconditioning (APC) are significantly reduced in the senescent myocardium. The authors hypothesized that age would differentially modulate gene expression induced by IPC and APC in vivo. Methods Affymetrix RAT EXON ST 1.0 gene chips (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) were used to explore the transcriptional response to IPC and APC in Fisher 344 male rats (young, 3-5 months, and old, 20-24 months, respectively). Both cohorts, young and old, were divided into three groups: (1) sham control, (2) IPC, and (3) APC. After a total of 90 min, the heart was removed, and the total RNA and protein were extracted. Results Thirty-one transcripts were increased in the young animals subjected to IPC, particularly transcriptional regulators (Atf3, Egr-1, Btg2, Egr2), cytokines (interleukin 6, CSF1, Myd88), chemokines (Cxcl10, Ccl2, Ccl7), regulators of growth and inflammation (Reg3g, Hamp), remodeling and cell adhesion migration (Cyr61, Tfpi2, Timp1), regulators of apoptosis/cell death (Birc3, Arntl, Hamp, Phlda1), and cell cycle control/DNA repairs (Rrad, Gadd45b, Gadd45g). In contrast, only one transcript increased (Atf3) in the old animals subjected to IPC. No changes in gene expression were found in the young or the old animals subjected to APC. Conclusions Early-phase IPC and APC induced different genomic responses. The absence of detectable changes associated with early-phase APC suggests a posttranscriptional or posttranslational mechanism. The absence of a genomic response in the senescent myocardium (except for IPC-induced Atf3) could underlie the failure of IPC to provide any cardiac protective benefit to older animals.

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Lipidomic fatty acid profile and global gene expression pattern in mammary gland of rats that were exposed to lard-based high fat diet during fetal and lactation periods associated to breast cancer risk in adulthood

Chemico-Biological Interactions ◽

10.1016/j.cbi.2015.06.035 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 239 ◽

pp. 118-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Fábia de Oliveira Andrade ◽

Sonia de Assis ◽

Lu Jin ◽

Camile Castilho Fontelles ◽

Luís Fernando Barbisan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Gene Expression ◽

Mammary Gland ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Gene Expression Pattern ◽

Global Gene Expression ◽

High Fat

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A Calorically Restricted High-fat Diet Reverses High-fat Diet-induced Injurious Effects on Health and Gene Expression in Rats

10.21203/rs.2.19390/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yuqing Wu ◽

Yue Guan ◽

Fan Ling ◽

Qiushuang Zhu ◽

Dandan Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Male Rats ◽

Gene Expression Patterns ◽

High Fat ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Group Serum

Abstract Background: A High-fat diet has been reported to produce excess lipid accumulation and increase inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in various metabolic diseases. Caloric restriction (CR) is one of the most valuable tools in reducing inflammation, enhancing anti-oxidative activity and ameliorating various metabolic diseases. However, excess CR may restrain growth, development and normal physiological processes. Our study was conducted to investigate the effects of a high-fat diet containing the same number of calories as a basic diet on the health and gene expression patterns of rats.Methods: 30 Wistar male rats were randomly devided into a normal control (NC) group, an equicaloric high-fat (EHF) group as the NC group, and a high-fat (HF) ad libitum group. Food consumption and body weight were recorded once a week. Blood biochemistical and genomic assessments of the liver were carried out after intervention for 20 weeks. Results: Compared with the NC group, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TCHO), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and andalanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly increased in the HF group, and the serum levels of interleukin- 6 (IL-6), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) were significantly decreased in the HF group. Compared with the HF group, serum TG,TCHO,LDL-C, AST, ALT, IL-6, ROS levels were significantly decreased in the EHF group, and the serum levels of GSH and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also significantly increased. Histological studies showed decreased macrovesicular steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and structural damagein EHF group compared to the HF group. In addition, transcription analysis revealed that an EHF led tochanges in gene expression, including a reduction inToll-like receptor 4 (TRL4),which inhibited NF-kappa B signaling pathway and upregulatedglutathione S-transterases (GSTs) to increase antiocidative activity.Conclusions: an EHF restored deleterious changes in the health and gene expression patterns induced by a high-fat diet ad libitum in rats via reduced inflammation and increased antioxidative activity.

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