scholarly journals Evaluation of the Sulphur-Supplying Ability of Soils to Support Plant Growth and Assessment of Relative Crop Response to Sulphur Application through Neubauer Technique

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sandip Hembram ◽  
Prabir Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Ganesh Das
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
S Uptake ◽  
Sulphur Fertilizer ◽  
Sulphur Uptake

Sulphur plays a vital role in the nutrition of oilseeds and pulses. Along with nitrogen and phosphorus, it plays an important role in the formation of proteins  and is involved in the metabolic and enzymatic processes of all living cells. Several biological techniques have been studied in order to assess sulphur deficiency or sufficiency in different groups of sulphur fertilizer for achieving the optimum yield of crops of which Neubauer technique is generally considered as one such tool that can be used for piloting the sulphur supplying capacity of the soils to supplement its requirement for the establishment of the plant. Surface (0-15 cm) soil samples from typical rice and pulse growing fields spread over the dominant soil groups of West Bengal which belong under 16 identified soil series were collected for this study. In order to assess sulphur availability in soils Neubauer technique was employed. Under sulphur treatment, the lowest dry matter yield and uptake by shoot was recorded in Bankul soil. Among the soils, the lowest root dry matter yield at control treatment was recorded in patapahari soil and the highest was in Hijalgara soil. A similar trend was also observed in case of S uptake by the shoot. While highest dry matter yield and maximum sulphur uptake by shoot was registered in Sukhnibasa and kusmi soil respectively. Likewise for N, P and K elements, the Neubauer technique may be used as one of the biological techniques for evaluating S response to crops as well as S supplying capacity of the soil to support plant growth.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF PLANT GROWTH INHIBITORS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SORGHUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1431-1440
Author(s):  
N. M. Abood ◽  
E. M. SHALAL ◽  
M. I. HAMDAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Growth Inhibitors ◽  
Plant Growth Inhibitors

Field experiment was carried out during the spring and fall seasons of 2019 at the Abu Ghraib Research Station of the Agricultural Research Office/ Ministry of Agriculture, was aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth inhibitors on growth and yield of several sorghum varieties .Randomized Complete Block Design within split plot arrangement with three replications was used. The main plot consists of three growth inhibitors (Cycocel, Ethiphon, and Mebiquat), which were added at stages six and eight leaf stage, in addition to the control treatment (distilled water only), the sub plot was included three cultivars (Mabrouk, Buhooth 70 and Giza 113). The results showed in both seasons significant interaction between cultivars and growth inhibitors in most of the studied traits. The plants of the variety Giza 113 sprayed with Ethiphon recorded the lowest period of reaching physiological maturity, the highest average dry matter yield, and the highest weight of 1000 grains (89.00 days, 17.32 ton ha-1, and 39.33 gm) respectively. The same variety recorded the highest content of chlorophyll in the leaves and the highest grain yield due to the effect of Mebiquat (49.50 spad, 3.93 ton ha-1. The cultivar Buhooth 70 with the effect of Cycocel achieved the highest average of dry matter yield of 33.27 ton ha-1.

Nitrogen Fertilization of Basil

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 481a-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rangappa ◽  
H.L. Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Optimum N Rate ◽  
N Rates

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an important culinary herb in Virginia and other areas. The objective of this study, conducted during 1997, was to determine optimal N rate for fresh and dry matter yield. Seed of Broad Leaf sweet basil were direct-seeded on 18 June in rows 0.75 m apart in a RCBD design with 8 replications. Four N rates (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha) were used. Calcium nitrate (15.5% N) was used as the fertilizer source. All plants from 1-m row length from middle row of each plot were harvested by hand on 23 Sept. and fresh weights were recorded. The plant material was dried at 70°C for 48 h to record dry weights. The moisture content at harvest was calculated from fresh and dry weights. The fresh yields following 0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha were 3.7, 5.4, 6.4, and 6.8 kg/m2, respectively. The yield difference between two highest N rates was not significant, however, both these rates had significantly higher yield than the two lowest rates. Similar results were also obtained for dry matter yields. The highest N rate of 75 kg N/ha resulted in significantly higher dry matter yield (1.3 kg/m2) as compared to the other three rates. The lowest dry matter yield was obtained after the control treatment (0.6 kg/m2). An opposite relationship between N rate and moisture content was observed when the highest moisture content resulted from control and 50 kg N/ha treatments. These results indicate that optimum N rate for sweet basil in Virginia is 50 to 75 kg/ha.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA IN REDUCING NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZERS APPLICATION IN SUGARCANE

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aghajan bahadori ◽  
Mohmmad Hossein GHarineh ◽  
Abdolmahdi Bakhshandeh ◽  
Naeimeh Enayatizamir ◽  
Alireza Shafeinia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Four Levels

This study was performed in order to investigate the effect of Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in reducing nitrogen and phosphorus Fertilizers Application in Sugarcane. The field experiment of this study was in the form of Split–block design with subplots in stips with four replications and three factors, including bacterial factor at four levels (control, Enterobacter cloaca, Pseudomonas putida and a combination of two types of bacteria), nitrogen factor at three levels (50, 75 and 100% recommended nitrogen for sugarcane (and phosphorus factor at three levels (50, 75 and 100% recommended phosphorus for sugarcane), was carried out in 2016-2017crop year in DC7-10 research farm of Dehkhoda sugarcane agro-industryin Ahvaz, in the southwest of Iran, on CP73-21 sugarcane variety. According to the analysis of variance tables, simple and interaction effects of the tested treatments, in the case of quantitative traits, including stalk yield, height, diameter, stalk density, percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus of leaves, chlorophyll content, LAI and HI in sugarcane were significant at the level of 1% probability. Comparison of means showed that the application of simultaneous application of growth-promoting bacteria along with the application of 75% recommended nitrogen and phosphorus for sugarcane, compared with the control treatment (application of 100% recommended nitrogen and phosphorus for sugarcane, without the use of bacteria), Was able to succeed in these traits 96.9%, 98.1%, 95.7%, 96.3%, 100.2% ,101.9%, 91.2% and 94.8%, respectively and Provide 21/9, 23/1, 20/7, 21/3, 25, 25, 16.2 and 19.8% of the nutrients of nitrogen and phosphorus for sugarcane, respectively, and is saved the same amount of nitrogen and phosphorus consumption for sugarcane. Also, regarding the sugarcane yield, the simultaneous application treatment of the tested bacteria along with the application of 100% recommended phosphorus and nitrogen for sugarcane, Compared to the control treatment

scholarly journals Hydrocyanic acid content and growth rate of sorghum x sudangrass hybrid during fall

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Flávia Fernanda Simili ◽  
Maria Lúcia Pereira Lima ◽  
Maria Izabel Merino de Medeiros ◽  
Claudia Cristina Paro de Paz ◽  
Ana Claudia Ruggieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Second Year

In central Brazil after soybean or other annual agricultural species is harvested, sorghum hybrids are planted in the fall in order to establish pastures for grazing animals. This study conducted for two consecutive years aimed at quantifying the contents of hydrocyanic acid in the leaves and determining plant height, forage dry matter yield and the leaf/stem ratio for sorghum hybrid 1P400 at different ages. Statistical analysis was performed by regression analysis based on plant age. Leaf HCN content decreased with plant growth, ranging from 205.0 and 230.3 mg HCN/100 g leaf DM at two weeks old to 5.9 and 6.1 mg HCN/100 g leaf DM at five weeks old in the first and second year, respectively. The average heights measured varied from 60 and 56 cm, in the 4th week, to 117 and 151 cm, in the 8th week, during the first and second experimental year, respectively. Forage mass increased linearly with age and displayed average of 1.411 and 1.637 kg DM/ha in the first year and, 2.905 and 3.640 kg DM/ha in the second year, during the 7th and 8th week, respectively. Leaf proportion decreased while stem increased linearly with plant age. The leaf/stem ratio decreased with plant growth, elongation and increasing stem weight. The sorghum hybrid should be grazed only after five weeks or when the plant height is above 80 cm, in order to avoid the risk of cyanide poisoning.

scholarly journals Nitrogen supply to arugula from pig slurry composts in contrasting soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-408
Author(s):  
Luanna C Monteiro ◽  
Celso Aita ◽  
Janquieli Schirmann ◽  
Stefen B Pujol ◽  
Ana Paula Mezzalira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
N Losses ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Loam Soil

ABSTRACT This study was developed to evaluate nitrogen (N) supply to arugula from composts produced by automated composting of pig slurry (PS). During the composting process, retorted oil shale (ROS) and dicyandiamide (DCD) were added to PS to mitigate gaseous N losses. The study was developed in a greenhouse where four treatments were evaluated, three with compost addition (PS compost, PS compost + ROS, and PS compost + ROS + DCD) and one without compost (control) in two contrasting soils (clayey and sandy-loam). The best result was obtained with the compost without additives (PS compost), which increased the arugula dry matter yield 2.2 times in clayey soil and 6.1 times in sandy-loam soil compared to the control treatment. The presence of ROS in composts reduced arugula dry matter yield in 27% in clayey soil and 35% in sandy-loam, while DCD did not affect arugula dry matter yield. The results of this study show that the addition of ROS to PS during composting reduces N supply to arugula, both in the immediate (first cut) and residual effect (second cut).

scholarly journals Plant growth in response to CO² enrichment, at two levels of nitrogen and phosphorus supply. 1. Dry matter, leaf area and development.

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Goudriaan ◽  
H.E. de Ruiter
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Negative Reaction ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

The effect on plant growth of doubling the normal aerial CO2 content was studied in lucerne, faba bean, perennial ryegrass, wheat, maize, poplar and potato. Because nutrients often limit growth, the effect of CO2 under N or P shortage was also studied. Doubling CO2 had the largest effect on DM yield with a good nutrient supply, but with N shortage part of the CO2 effect was retained even in non-leguminous spp. Except for faba bean, no CO2 effect existed with P shortage. Maize showed a small positive CO2 reaction under good nutrient supply but a negative one with nutrient shortage. Potato showed a small negative reaction to CO2 enrichment. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Leonardites Rich in Humic and Fulvic Acids Had Little Effect on Tissue Elemental Composition and Dry Matter Yield in Pot-Grown Olive Cuttings

Soil Systems ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Margarida Arrobas ◽  
Surian Fernanda de Almeida ◽  
Soraia Raimundo ◽  
Lucas da Silva Domingues ◽  
Manuel Ângelo Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Organic Compost

The use of humic substances in agriculture has increased in recent years, and leonardite has been an important raw material in the manufacture of commercial products rich in humic and fulvic acids. Leonardite-based products have been used to improve soil properties and to help plants cope with abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, the effects of two commercial leonardites and an organic compost, in addition to a control treatment, were assessed for pot-grown olive plants over a period of fourteen months on soil properties, tissue elemental composition and dry matter yield (DMY). Three organic amendments were applied at single and double rates of that set by the manufacturer. The study was arranged in two experiments: one containing the seven treatments mentioned above and the other containing the same treatments supplemented with mineral nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilization. Overall, organic compost increased soil organic carbon by ~8% over the control. In the experiment without NPK supplementation, N concentrations in shoots and P in roots were the highest for the compost application (leaf N 12% and root P 32% higher than in the control), while in the experiment with NPK supplementation, no significant differences were observed between treatments. Total DMY was ~10% higher in the set of treatments with NPK in comparison to treatments without NPK. Leonardites did not affect significantly any measured variables in comparison to the control. In this study, a good management of the majority of environmental variables affecting plant growth may have reduced the possibility of obtaining a positive effect on plant nutritional status and growth from the use of commercial leonardites. The leonardites seemed to have caused a slight effect on biological N immobilization. This is not necessarily an advantage or a drawback; it is rather a feature that must be understood to help farmers make better use of these products.

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