scholarly journals Microbiological and Physicochemical Evaluation of Oil-polluted Soil from Major Auto Mechanic Shops in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Janet Olufunmilayo Williams ◽  
Prekebi Peter Akemi
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Rivers State

The capability of microorganisms to utilize spent oil in polluted soil from some major auto mechanic workshops in Port Harcourt metropolis as the sole source of carbon and energy was studied. Soil samples were collected from three (3) Auto mechanic workshops (Mile 3 Mechanic Village (N 4º48' 34.07'', E 6º59' 10.17''), Ikoku Mechanic Workshop (N 4º47' 54.28'', E 6º59' 36.42'') and Elekahia Zone H Mechanic Workshop (N4º49' 11.62'', E 7º1' 16.58'') in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria from depths of 0–30 cm, 30–60 cm and 60–90 cm at the same spot from each station. Soil samples were analysed microbiologically and physicochemically using standard methods. The control sample was obtained behind the Biology Building of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. The results of the total heterotrophic bacterial and fungal counts showed that the microbial load was high at a depth of 0 to 30 cm for all the samples analysed including the control. With 60-90 cm depth, low microbial counts were obtained. The total heterotrophic bacterial counts from the three mechanic workshops ranged from 6.8 X 108 to 2.3 X 109cfu/g while the total heterotrophic fungal counts ranged from 1.3 X 106 to 8.0X 106 cfu/g. The spent oil-utilizing microbial populations ranged from1.0 X 105 to 3.0 X 106cfu/g and1.0 X 105 to 8.0 X 105 cfu/g for the bacterial and fungal counts respectively. Five spent oil utilizing bacterial isolates of the genera, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Bacillus, Micrococcus and Proteus and five fungal isolates of the genera, Penicillium, Candida, Rhizopus, Fusarium and Aspergillus were obtained from spent oil-polluted soil in this study. The pollution index of the different physicochemical parameters obtained from the different sample stations was as follows: Electrical Conductivity (EC): Mile 3 had the highest with the mean of 12.50 ±0.0-13.20±0.0µs/cm, while Ikoku had the lowest with mean of 10.99 ± 0.0-11.50 ± 0.0 µs/cm. Ikoku had the highest pH level with mean of 7.0 ± 0.0- 8.5 ± 0.0 while Mile 3 had the lowest pH level with mean of 6.5 ± 0.0-7.59 ± 0.0. Ikoku had the highest Total Organic Carbon (TOC) with mean of 17.55 ± 0.0-20.60 ± 0.0 mg/kg while Elekahia had the lowest with the mean of 16.99 ± 0.0-18.0 ± 0.0 mg/kg. Ikoku had the highest Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) with mean of 38,862 ± 0.0-40,500 ± 0.0 mg/kg while Mile 3 had the lowest with the mean of 20,550 ± 0.0-30,000 ± 0.0 mg/kg. From the Pollution Index Analysis, Ikoku Auto Mechanic Workshop is more contaminated with Spent oil than Mile 3 and Elekahia.

Trace Metals in Water, Sediment and Biota from Ikpukulu-Ama Creek Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent-Akpu Ijeoma Favour ◽  
Okoseimiema Ibifubara Joshua
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

The concentrations of trace metals; Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Cadmium (Cd) were determined in water, sediment and biota (Fish and plankton) from Ikpukulu-ama creek in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The metals were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrphotometer (AAS 500). Concentrations of metals in water were in the order of Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe, in sediments Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe, in fish Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe while in plankton the order of concentration were Cd=Pb<Cu<Zn<Fe. The mean concentrations of metals in surface water (mg/L) were 5.2, 0.83, 0.03, 0.46, and 0.01 for Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd respectively, in sediments (mg/g) the values were 16.0, 0.65, 0.09, 0.32, and 0.01 for the same metals. The mean concentrations of metals in fish (mg/g) were Fe (2.96), Zn (1.87), Cu (0.03), Pb (0.08) and Cd (<0.001), while for plankton (mg/L) were Fe (13.2), Zn (2.09), Cu (0.06), Pb (<0.001) and Cd (<0.001). The pollution index in the sediment was low. Trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and biota were below the maximum permissible levels recommended by National standard, but aquatic environment should be monitored regularly to avoid excess intake of metal into the water body.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Age of Onset of Menopause at Child Birth, Birth Control of Nigerian Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ojeka Sunday Ogbu ◽  
Zabbey Victor Zigabelbari ◽  
Saronee Friday
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Child Birth ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Monthly Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

Introduction: Menopause simply refers to the time when a woman stops having monthly period. There have been numerous systematic studies into the age at onset of menopause and the factors affecting it, in different parts of the world. However, the establishment of this age and factors affecting it in Rivers state has been scanty. Aim: This research was therefore undertaken to ascertain the age at onset of menopause in women of Rivers state, residing in Port Harcourt and the effect of parity, age at last child birth and form of birth control on it. Methodology: This study used data from over 380 postmenopausal women from populations in Port Harcourt, Rivers state. Different ages specified by the respondents through structural questionnaires were used. The data was collected and analyzed using the ANOVA method. It was used to obtain a percentage frequency which was presented in a table. Results: The result shows the mean menopausal age among Rivers state women to be 49.1 years. It was also found that menopausal age was affected by subjects’ parity, age at last child birth and form of birth control. Conclusion: The mean menopausal age of women of Rivers State, living in Port Harcourt has been found to be 49.1 years. This age has also been found to be positively affected by a woman’s parity, age at last child birth and form of birth control.

scholarly journals Analysis of Signal Attenuation in Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTV) Broadcasting

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. Bakare ◽  
K. J. Biebuma ◽  
Sunny Orike
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Signal Attenuation ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Path Loss Exponent ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Digital Terrestrial Television ◽  
Rivers State

This paper presents the prediction of signal attenuation Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTV) in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria A signal Tracker (WS6916), Micronix Global Positioning System (GSP) module alongside a drive test was used to carry out the research work at Star times office, Olu-Obasanjo Road. The Power Density change with the varying distance between the receiver and the transmitter (Nobe B). For a more concise measurement, readings were taken between April and August 2019 (wet season) at different times of the day. The path loss exponent (n) of 4.7 reveals that Olu-Obasanjo road is an urban area. As the location changed, the path loss exponent (n) increased to 15.4, revealing the interference of tall buildings, and other forms of obstruction. The exponential shape of the graph shows a decaying signal along the distance axis with distance, expatiating that the inverse relationship between powers received (dbm) and distance (km).  Attenuation was observed to have increased while increasing the distance between the transmitter and receiver. The results obtained were analyzed using the log-distance empirical model to obtain both the parameters of Path loss exponent and the Mean Square Error (MSE).

scholarly journals Analysis of Heavy Metals Concentrations in Food Spices from Some Markets in Port Harcourt Meteropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Austin A. Okwelle ◽  
Tamunosisi F. Mac- Pepple
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Minimum Risk ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

This study analysed the levels of some heavy metals like copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), chromium(Cr), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) present in selected food spices widely used in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and wet digestion was used for analysis. The results revealed different concentrations of heavy metals in the food spices analysed. The mean and standard deviation of heavy metals across the samples revealed that copper had the highest concentration in tomatoes (15.45±5.09 mg/Kg), curry (10.30±2.03 mg/Kg), garlic (8.65±2.08 mg/Kg), onions (6.50±2.52 mg/Kg) and uda (6.15±3.75 mg/Kg) respectively. Chromium was only detected in curry (2.75±1.00 mg/Kg), pepper (0.65±0.02 mg/Kg) and salt (0.05±0.00 mg/kg). The detected level of nickel was high in tomatoes (6.90±4.89 mg/Kg), curry (4.09±1.90 mg/Kg), salt (6.15±3.70 mg/Kg) and onions (3.09±2.10 mg/Kg). Lead occurred more in uda (3.08±2.87 mg/Kg), tomatoes (3.80±1.28 mg/Kg), curry (2.86±1.34 mg/Kg) and salt (2.60±0.76 mg/Kg) respectively. Cadmium was not detected in any of the food spices, while in chilles spice no heavy metals was detected. The daily intake limit was calculated and compared with minimum risk level (MRL) values. The concentrations of lead in some of the food spices were much larger than those of MRL values. The regular consumption of the spices can lead to accumulation of these toxic heavy metals in human beings.

scholarly journals Treatment Efficiency of Drill Cuttings Using Thermal Desorption Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nwosu, Barry Emeka ◽  
Ogbonna F. Joel
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Drill Cuttings ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drill Cutting ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Rivers State

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze and determine the treatment efficiency of drill cuttings using the Thermal Desorption Technology. Study Design: Drill cuttings were obtained from a work-over drilling operation with samples obtained at a depth of 2,750m from a typical well for this baseline study. The aim is to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of the drill cuttings in a laboratory before and after the thermal desorption processes. A second drill cutting sample from another field location at the same depth of 2,750m was used for comparison during the analysis. Place and Duration of Study: Port Harcourt, Rivers state, Nigeria (Laboratory analysis was done at Anal Concept Ltd, Port Harcourt, Rivers state, Nigeria and the thermal desorption unit is situated at the Initiates Plc, Etche LGA, Rivers state, Nigeria). Methodology: A representative sample feedstock of cuttings was collected before and after the thermal treatment. The drill cutting sample was taken from a mixing tank by using a cup and auger. The samples of the cuttings were made for each case of the grab samples, and the samples later transferred into 500mL glass bottles. The sample contaminants were analyzed in a chemical laboratory using standard methods for determining the pH level, Electrical Conductivity, Moisture Content, Organic Pollutants and Heavy Metals. Results: The result showed significant reductions in all the pollutant concentrations after the drill cuttings were treated with the Thermal Desorption Unit. Moisture Content (MC) and the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) decreased significantly by 86% and 93% respectively. The concentration of the combination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX) reduced drastically by 98% and the heavy metals concentration levels were also reduced after treatment with the TDU. Also, the laboratory analysis result of the treated drill cuttings shows that the pH level, Electrical Conductivity, Moisture Content, Organic Pollutants and Heavy Metals concentrations did not exceed the recommended Department of Petroleum Resources (D.P.R) limits. Conclusion: This research reveals that the thermal desorption technology is the most economical, efficient and environmentally friendly method of waste management due to its contaminant removal efficiency. This method enhances product recovery and subsequent recycling which helps to reduce environmental impact and prevent economic losses.

scholarly journals Levels of some chemical species in water of boreholes situated near dumpsites in Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-211
Author(s):  
Nwoke IB ◽  
Edori ES
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rivers State

The concentration of six chemical species Pb, Cd, As, nitrates, fluorides and sulphates in the groundwater (borehole) samples were investigated in four boreholes sited close to a dumpsite in Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Nitrates, fluorides and sulphates were analyzed using standard conventional methods while the heavy metals were determined and analyzed with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The mean values obtained for the different chemical species within the months of investigation for the stations were in the range: lead; 0.012±0.001-0.015±0.000mg/L, with an average of 0.013±0.001mg/L within the months, Cd; 0.004±0.002-0.005±0.001mg/L, with an average of 0.005±0.001mg/L within the months, As; 0.002±0.001-0.003±0.002mg/L, with an average of 0.003±0.001mg/L within the months, nitrates; 0.413±0.172-0.730±0.691mg/L, with an average of 0.511±0.139mg/L within the months, fluorides; 0.004±0.001-0.006±0.001mg/L, with an average of 0.005±0.001mg/L within the months and sulphates; 0.197±0.046-0.338±0.072mg/L, with an average of 0.290±0.055mg/L within the months. These values obtained for the different chemical species showed that the boreholes sited near the dumpsite were still at the level that will not pose any health risk to the user, for their concentrations were still within limits allowed by WHO and USEPA. Even though the government and its agencies should regulate the mode of dumping of refuse and also the siting of boreholes so that the groundwater will not be polluted.

scholarly journals Application of pollution assessment models in soil contaminated by heavy metals in two steel rods markets, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 025-035
Author(s):  
Edori ES ◽  
Iyama WA ◽  
Edori OS
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Contamination Degree ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-30cm within two steel markets and a control site in Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria to assess the level of heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and As) in the environment. Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the samples for heavy metals. The concentrations of all the heavy metals in the steel rods markets exceeded that of the control. The results indicated that heavy metals concentrations in the sites were in the order; Mile III > Kala > RSU. The average levels of contamination of heavy metals recorded followed the order Fe > Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > As > Cd in Mile III, Fe > Pb > Cu > Cr > Ni > As > Cd in Kala and Fe > Cu > Pb > Cr > Ni > As > Cd in RSU (control). Mean concentrations obtained for heavy metals within the months of investigation were; 1420.931±9.155, 7.753±0.184, 8.730±0.050, 2.843±0.124, 9.428±0.122, 7.433±0.047 and 3.732±0.047 mg/Kg for Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and As respectively at the mile III station, while the mean concentrations of heavy metals observed at the Kala station were; 1161.173±1.823, 9.425±0.054, 7.596±0.027, 1.425±0.020, 6.507±0.006, 5.455±0.033 and 1.901±0.010 mg/Kg for Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and As respectively. The mean values of heavy metals concentrations observed at the RSU station within the period were; 892.064±1.025,5.603±0.007, 5.841±0.051, 0.173±0.005, 3.389±0.009, 2.309±0.010 and 0.706±0.006 mg/Kg for Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and As respectively. Pollution assessment models used for assessing the anthropogenic input on the quality of the soil in the area using the control site as the basis of judgment were: contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), contamination degree (CD), modified contamination degree (mCD), potential ecological risk coefficient (Eir), potential ecological risk index (RI), Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and anthropogenicity. These indices revealed that the steel markets were contaminated and polluted and poses ecological risks by heavy metals, even though the values obtained were still below the WHO acceptable limits. The steel rods markets need to be adequately monitored and regulated to avoid further soil contamination by heavy metals to a degree that will be dangerous to human health.

scholarly journals Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Viral Warts in University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Dasetima D. Altraide ◽  
Dieprebi Agnes Aladeh ◽  
Bolaji Otike-Odibi
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Genital Warts ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Common Warts ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Rivers State

Background: Warts are benign epidermal neoplasms resulting from infection with human papilloma viruses. Aim and Objective: To determine the clinico- epidemiological profile of patients with warts. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria. All patients with warts that attended the dermatology clinic from June 2013 to June 2020 were included. Data of the patients were searched for detailed history, complete cutaneous, systemic examinations and retroviral screening. Analysis was done using Microsoft excel, 2013 software. Results: One hundred and eighteen (118) patients were clinically diagnosed with viral warts during the study period. 36 (30.51%) had genital warts while 82 (69.49%) had non-genital warts. Males were more affected than females and the mean age at presentation was 25.04 years. The most common type of warts seen in children and adults was common warts. High risk behaviours was noted in 85% of patients with genital warts. Conclusion: Common warts were the most common warts with male preponderance. The head and neck were the most common site, but the extremities were more common in children. Patients in the second decade of life were mostly affected with majority concerned about the cosmetic appearance.

A Study on Heavy Metals Pollution in Soil and Fruits of Rosa roxburghii Tratt from the Planting Bases Located in the Karst Areas of Guizhou Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Xiao Yan Ding ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Ji Wei Hu ◽  
Fan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Green Food ◽  
Rosa Roxburghii Tratt ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rosa Roxburghii

Both single pollution index and integrated pollution index methods were employed in the present research to assess the heavy metals pollution of soil in the threeRosa roxburghii TrattPlanting Bases (located in Qianxi County and Qixingguan region in Bijie, Longli County in Qiannan), the baseline values of heavy metals in soils in Guizhou Province, Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618-1995) and Conditions of Green Food-tech0.nical Environmental Quality for Production Area (NY/T391-2000 and GB/T18407.1-2001) were applied as references. National Food Safety Standard-Contaminants in foods was applied to evaluateRosa roxburghii Trattfruits. The results suggest that the studied soil samples conformed to Environmental Quality Second Level Standard for Soils and Green Food-technical Conditions. The overall quality of the soil conditions was uncontaminated, but point source pollution phenomenon existed. Hg, Pb and Cu pollution were the main factors contributing to the rise in comprehensive pollution index from the threeRosa roxburghii TrattPlanting bases. It was found that levels of As and Cu did not exceed the limited standard of the soil，while Hg, Cr, Cd and Pb exceeded the standard in different degrees in studiedRosa roxburghii Trattplanting bases. The rates of excessive quota of Hg, Cr, Cd and Pb in the studiedRosa roxburghii Trattfruits was 6.67%, 13.33%, 73.33% and 100%, respectively. The mean accumulation coefficient of Cd forRosa roxburghii Trattfruits was up to 1.20. The mean accumulation coefficients for concerned heavy metals were in the order of Cd > Cu > Pb > Hg > As> Cr. The relationships between concentrations of heavy metals in soil, leaf and stem samples were weak. However, significant correlations were found between concentrations of As in soil and leaf samples (r = 0.928), and concentrations of Cr between in soil samples and Cr in leaf samples (r = 0.733).

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