Control Measures for Nosocomial Infections: Knowledge and Practice of Medical Students in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of medical students regarding standard precautions in an Australian undergraduate medical programme. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: University of New South Wales, Australia, duration of study was six-years. Methodology: Fifty medical students who were involved in clinical practice, were invited to complete a comprehensive questionnaire on standard precautions. Results: The majority of participants agreed that hand hygiene was the most important factor in infection control. Only 32 (16%) knew to use a full personal protective equipment for Ebola. Regarding sharps disposal, 46 (92%) students always disposed used needles in the recommended bin, 27 (54%) indicated they sometimes recapped used needle while 25 (20%) sometimes bent used needles. Conclusion: This study showed that there is a gap between knowledge and practice of medical students regarding hand hygiene and other infection control measures. There is a need for standardized and regular student training in the use of standard precautions in infection prevention and control.

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The Analysis of the Impact of a Mild, Low-iodine, Lotion Soap on the Reduction of Nosocomial Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A New Opportunity for Surveillance by Objectives

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s019594170006625x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 284-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Kim M. Onesko ◽

Eugene C. Wienke

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Nosocomial Infections ◽

Control Measures ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Care Community ◽

Infection Control Measures ◽

Medical Division ◽

Tract Infections ◽

The Impact ◽

Community Teaching

AbstractA significant unremitting increase in the incidence of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in a 500-bed acute care community teaching hospital prompted reevaluation of the efficacy of the infection control measures used. A well-accepted, low-iodine, antimicrobial soap was used to replace a liquid natural handsoap in two areas with the highest incidence of MRSA—the intensive care unit, and a medical division.Over a two-year period, an analysis was made of the effect of soap replacement on nosocomial infections and pathogens. Soap changeover occurred at the midpoint of the two-year period. From year to year, the nosocomial MRSA rate decreased 80% (t test, P=0.005). Other pathogens that demonstrated a dramatic decrease included methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), infections where no pathogens were isolated, and various gram-negative infections. Categories of nosocomial infections that decreased included surgical wound infections, primary bacteremias, and respiratory tract infections. The overall nosocomial infection rate of the two combined areas decreased 21.5%, representing a year-to-year savings of $109,500. As a result, the decision was made to install the low-iodine hand-soap permanently at all sinks within the hospital.

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Clinical examinations for medical students during the COVID-19 outbreak: a simulated patient programme perspective

BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning ◽

10.1136/bmjstel-2020-000693 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bmjstel-2020-000693

Author(s):

Nicola Ngiam ◽

Geena Yasol ◽

Denise Li-Meng Goh

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Simulated Patient ◽

Control Measures ◽

Open Communication ◽

High Stakes ◽

Effective Response ◽

Infectious Disease Outbreak ◽

Infection Control Measures ◽

Medical Undergraduate ◽

Real Patients

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on how our university had to administer the high stakes, final year medical undergraduate clinical examinations without real patients, while maintaining its validity and rigour.Method11 out of the 21 stations of the medical, surgical and orthopaedic clinical examinations needed to be converted to simulated patient (SP)-based or task-based stations. Cases were developed based on an assessment blueprint, with consideration for SP demographics and availability of equipment. Infection control measures were strictly enforced to avoid transmission of COVID-19. Planning had to include consideration for physical distancing, cohorting and segregation of students and examiners. Student and SP anxiety had to be addressed.ResultsThe examination was executed successfully for 300 medical students. Everyone worked professionally and dealt with the changes and precautions that were required with flexibility.DiscussionAn infectious disease outbreak can derail plans for major clinical examinations. Factors that facilitated a rapid and effective response included decisive leadership, open communication, willingness to collaborate, mobilising resources, adaptability and flexibility. Our school managed uncertainty by erring on the side of caution. This experience may serve as a reference for others in similar situations, particularly when COVID-19 restrictions start to be lifted.

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Assessing knowledge and practice of self-directed learning among medical students, UNIMAS

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.5958/0974-360x.2021.00055.x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 303-307

Author(s):

Myat San Yi ◽

Khin Than Yee ◽

Soe Lwin ◽

Mya Mya Thwin ◽

Win Thura Win ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Self Directed Learning ◽

Directed Learning ◽

Knowledge And Practice

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Nurses’ Self-report on the Infection Control Unit Activities and their Experience in the Hospital toward Nosocomial Infections in the Sulaimani Hospitals

Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.15218/ejnm.2020.19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 166-177

Author(s):

Ramand Haji ◽

◽

Dana Abdilkarim ◽

Salar Ali ◽

Srwa Mohammad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infection Control ◽

Nosocomial Infections ◽

Control Unit ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Measures ◽

Self Report ◽

Health Staff ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Infection Control Measures ◽

Spss Software

Background and objectives: Nurses can prevent the occurrence and transmission of noso-comial infections by following infection control measures such as wearing gloves and masks, using appropriate disinfection of skin and preventing accidental needle-stick inju-ries. This research aimed to evaluate the availability of hospital uniforms, personal protec-tive equipment, and infection control activities at hospitals in Sulaimani in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and to examine nurses’ experience of nosocomial infections. Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study was performed at 10 governmental hospi-tals during the period from 20th February to 28th September 2018. 525 nurses were se-lected as participants by a convenience sampling method. A self-administrated question-naire was used to collect data, which were analysed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that 268 nurses (51%) reported that their hospitals provided sufficient uniforms to all the medical staff and the majority of nurses, 444 respondents (84.6%) stated that they were responsible for cleaning their working uniforms. 441 nurses reported that they did not acquire a nosocomial infection, and 479 (91.2%) did not have an accident during their work in the hospital. 79.9% of the nurses (404) reported recapping syringe needles after the usage, and 98 (18.7%) gave a low rating to the infection control unit activity in their hospitals. Finally, more than half of nurses (330) representing 62.9% of the sample were vaccinated against nosocomial infections. Conclusions: Most of Sulaimani governmental hospitals are providing sufficient uniforms for the health staff, the majority of nurses were vaccinated against one or more nosocomi-al infections, and the majority of nurses do needle syringe recapping.

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