scholarly journals The Impact of Stigma and Discrimination on Adherence to Medication amongst People Living with HIV in Tiv Land, North Central Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Godwin Aondohemba Timiun ◽  
Timothy J. Scrase
Keyword(s):  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

In spite the identification of stigma as a factor impeding public utilisation of HIV counselling, testing, and treatment services in Nigeria, gaps still exist in knowledge on the impact of stigma, and discrimination on adherence to medication amongst people living with HIV (PLWH). This study adopted mixed methods to examine the impact of stigma and discrimination on adherence to medication amongst PLWH in Nigeria.  A sample of 1,621 respondents was collected using multi-stage and purposive sampling methods. Structured interviews using questionnaires and in-depth interviews (using a guide) were utilised for data collection. SPSS (version 21) was used for quantitative data analysis while the qualitative data was analysed thematically. There are 46.3% men and 53.7% women respondents. Generally, their income is low, 70.7% are earning less than N25, 000 (approximately $125 USD) per month. Some of the HIV patients are stigmatised. In reaction, they avoid public places, travel long distances away from their immediate community to collect drugs and to avoid been noticed around the centers. They sometimes miss taking drugs regularly as prescribed, suffer depression and die. Stigma and discrimination impede adherence to medication amongst PLHW in Nigeria. More efforts should be made to create awareness to reduce stigma and discrimination of HIV patients, while augmenting their income to meet up with the challenges of adherence to medication. The overall benefits would be enhanced mechanism of HIV prevention, treatment and control in the study area.

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION AMONG THE GENERAL PUBLIC IN SELECTED RURAL COMMUNITY, KANCHEEPRAM DISTRICT, INDIA.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Hema Malini
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Aids Stigma ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Community-level stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV is found all over the world, with people forced to leave their home, change their daily activities such as shopping, socializing or schooling, face rejection and verbal and physical abuse. The objective of the study was to assess the HIV/AIDS stigma among the general public. Quantitative approach  and descriptive research design was adopted for the  present study. The study was conducted in Vallancherry a selected rural village of Kattankulathur . The sample size for the present study was 300. Three point rating scale  was used to assess the HIV/STIGMA and discrimination.The present study findings revealed that among 300 samples none of them reported severe stigma ,50 (16.7%)  participants reported moderate stigma and 250 (83.3%)  participants reported  low stigma. Stigma blocks access to HIV testing and treatment services, making onwards transmission more likely. The removal of barriers to these services is key to end the global HIV epidemic.Key Words : HIV, AIDS, Stigma, Discrimination, Rejection

scholarly journals The health literacy needs of women living with HIV/AIDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Thompson ◽  
Yolanda Havenga ◽  
Susan Naude
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Women in Sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by the virus and constitute 60% of the total HIV/AIDS infections in this region. Current recommendations endorse the involvement of people living with HIV in the development of programmes for people living with the virus. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the health literacy needs of women living with HIV. The research design was qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual. After women living with HIV/AIDS were sampled purposively, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight women and qualitative content analysis done. The findings revealed that the women expressed a need to increase their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The knowledge they needed ranged from basic pathophysiology about HIV/AIDS, to the impact of HIV/AIDS on their health, to an awareness of the modes of HIV transmission and methods of protecting others from being infected. Other important health literacy needs related to self-care and correct antiretroviral use. A need for psychosocial skills was also identified in order for women to build and maintain their relationships. Recommendations were made for nursing practice, education and further research, based on these findings.

scholarly journals Stigma and discrimination among health care providers towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Mohamed Osman Elamin ◽  
Yahiya Rajaa ◽  
Hamed Ademola Adetunji ◽  
Sufian Khalid ◽  
Remah Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Living With Hiv

Stigma and discrimination among medical care providers (MCPs) towards HIV patients is a common observed problem that can compromise effectiveness of prevention and treatment efforts by discouraging individuals from being tested or seeking information on how to protect themselves and others. This research aimed to determine the existence of stigma and discrimination among health care providers towards people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) in River Nile state. A descriptive cross sectional hospital based study conducted in Atbara, Edamer and Berber hospitals. Questionnaire containing six parts covering the personal data, knowledge about HIV, attitude, availability of PPDs and discriminatory practices of MCPs was used. The data was analyzed using the SPSS. Three hundred and nighty participated consisting of 136 doctors, 219 nurses, and 35 midwives. Out of these, 68.2% of participants had overall satisfactory knowledge, 30% had good knowledge, while only 1.8% had poor knowledge. Majority (74.4%) stated that MCPs were discriminatory in their practices towards HIV patients. There wa correlation between common discriminatory practices and total attitude, and availability of PPDs (p<0.05). No correlation between the common discriminatory practices and total knowledge scores.

scholarly journals Survey of the Effect of Knowledge Obtained by Family Doctors After the Thematic Improvement Cycle «Management of HIV-patients for Family Doctor»

2016 ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Larysa Matyukha ◽  
Tetiana Avramenko ◽  
Anna Batsiura ◽  
Valentyna Boyko ◽  
Tetiana Veselova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Doctor ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Patient Referrals ◽  
Testing Awareness

Survey`s results of the impact of knowledge obtained by 111 family doctors through the thematic improvement cycle «Management of HIV-patients for family doctor» are presented in the article. The main achievements of this program are: raising awareness on the subject of HIV-infection/AIDS; formation of safe behavior of family doctors during their work with HIV-positive patients; establishing communication with patients; increase patient referrals for testing; awareness of the network of institutions and organizations servicing people living with HIV.

scholarly journals 1316. Gathering Trauma Narratives: A Qualitative Study on the Impact of Traumas on People Living with HIV (PLWH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S475-S475
Author(s):  
Doris Pierson ◽  
Vaidehi Mujumdar ◽  
Brittany Briceño ◽  
Elaina Cummer ◽  
Kshipra Hemal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Reproductive Intentions ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Trauma—emotional, physical, and psychological—is common and associated with increased risk behaviors, low rates of care engagement and viral suppression, and overall poor health outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH). In the United States, there are limited data on how trauma affects reproductive health beliefs for PLWH and even less data on HIV providers’ understanding and consideration of these experiences in their approach to patients. Methods Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with PLWH and nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with HIV care and service providers at an academic medical center in the Southeastern United States. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Each transcript was coded by two investigators and discussed to ensure consensus. Results Participants’ narratives described diverse traumas, including sexual abuse (n = 6), the loss of a loved one (n = 8), and personal illness (n = 7). Types of trauma shared with providers included physical, sexual, illness, loss, and psychological. For patients, trauma was both a motivation for having children and a reason to stop having children. Providers perceived a variety of effects of trauma on both sexual behaviors and reproductive intentions. Reproductive counseling by HIV care providers (n = 5) focused on maintaining a healthy pregnancy and less on reproductive intentions prior to pregnancy. Reproductive discussions with pregnant female patients typically centered on reducing the risk of transmission in utero (including the importance of medication adherence to maintain viral suppression), what will happen during delivery, and breastfeeding risks. Reproductive discussions with males typically centered on preventing infection or re-infection of the mother. Conclusion PLWH interpret their trauma experiences differently, particularly when considering reproduction. Providers may not incorporate this information in counseling around reproductive health, highlighting the need fora trauma-informed healthcare practice that promotes awareness, education on the effect of past traumas on health, and access to appropriate resources. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Antiretroviral therapy among patients with HIV in Almaty, Kazakhstan: the implication for HIV-associated tuberculosis control

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (11.1) ◽  
pp. 128S-132S
Author(s):  
Alfiya Denebayeva ◽  
Arpine Abrahamyan ◽  
Aelita Sargsyan ◽  
Karine Kentenyants ◽  
Ainur Zhandybayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Guideline ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Art Initiation ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an effective preventive strategy against tuberculosis (TB) in people living with HIV (PLWH). In Kazakhstan, according to the revised HIV treatment guideline (2017), ART should be initiated immediately after HIV diagnosis established, regardless of CD4+ count. Aim: To evaluate the impact of early initiation of ART on TB infection in PLWH registered in the Center of Prevention and Control of AIDS, Almaty, Kazakhstan, between 2008 and 2018. Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data of 4,053 patients from electronic HIV case management system (2008-2018) (EHCMS). Results: The study revealed low rates (12.6%) of rapid ART (≤ 1 month after HIV diagnosis). Patients in the rapid ART initiation group were less likely to develop TB compared with those who started treatment >1 month after the HIV detection (odds ratio 1.6; 95% confidence interval [1.1, 2.2]; p = 0.00799). Interestingly, the risk for developing TB among patients receiving ART ≥ 1 month after HIV diagnosis was significantly higher compared with those not taking any treatment. The latter was explained by several confounding not addressed during the analysis, since ART was prescribed to patients with primarily deeper immunodeficiency, while the patients not receiving ART were less immunocompromised. Conclusion: Despite the recently changed HIV treatment guideline in Kazakhstan, ART is still initiated based on the disease severity. In 2018, the initiation of ART during the first month after HIV diagnosis increased by 50%. However, it is necessary to reduce the time to initiation of ART for all patients.

scholarly journals First Nations health policy and funding: consequences for those living With HIV/AIDS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean A. Hillier
Keyword(s):  
Access To Care ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Education ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

In 2014-2015 Indigenous Peoples represented 17.5% of all HIV infections in Canada, yet accounted for only 4.3% of the population. In 2008, Indigenous Peoples accounted for an estimated 3.2% of people living with HIV in Ontario, while comprising 2.4% of the population. From 2009 to 2011, 2.7% of new HIV diagnoses in Ontario were Indigenous Peoples, of whom 7.2% were women. This research study sought to assess the efficacy of funding for HIV/AIDS treatment, services, programming, and care within Ontario First Nations communities. This research will improve understanding of services available to people and communities affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The Indigenous based method of storytelling and freedom of information requests were used to capture data. Ontario First Nations people who were at least 16 years of age and living with HIV/AIDS (n=29) participated. Participants were asked five open-ended questions related to their use of and access to healthcare services. Stories were transcribed and analysed using NVivo. Transcriptions also form the bases of re-written first-person stories, detailing the life and experiences of the participants and their experiences of living with HIV/AIDS and accessing treatment, services, programming, and care. It was found that the federal government drastically underfunds HIV/AIDS treatment and services. This is given context by powerful stories of the impact limited funding has on Indigenous people living with HIV/AIDS. Participants experienced issues with access to care and supports with many forced to leave their northern communities, either permanently or temporarily, due to limited access to care. HIV-related stigma played a role in access to prevention, testing, and care. Participants indicated difficulties with HIV education either in understanding their own HIV status or in the lack of education within the broader community. Historical traumas (residential schooling and the 60s scoop) and discrimination were central themes to many stories, seriously affecting the lives of participants and their overall health outcomes. The dissertation/project culminates in a list of recommendations aimed at informing a process to improve access and quality of health care for Indigenous Peoples living with HIV/AIDS. Greater access to community-based, holistic care in northern First Nations communities is urgently required.

scholarly journals Access Barriers to Health Services Perceived by People Living With HIV and Their Families

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Lemy Bran-Piedrahita ◽  
Sergio Gómez-Molina ◽  
Alejandro Valencia-Arias ◽  
Rosa Vélez-Holguín ◽  
Lucía Palacios-Moya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Access Barriers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Barriers To Health

INTRODUCCTION: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that destroys the body's T cells. Its advanced stage is the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), since its onset, it has been extensively studied because of an associated burden of morbidity and also to understand the access barriers to diagnostic tests and the required treatment. Objective: To understand the barriers to access health services as perceived by adults living with HIV and their families in the city of Medellín (Colombia).METHODOLOGY: A qualitative investigation by using historical-hermeneutical approach was carried out, involving 23 participants (seropositive patients and their relatives). The information was collected through semi-structured interviews, later codified and analyzed based on Strauss and Corbin's Grounded Theory.RESULTS: In this study, the access barriers to health services as perceived by adults living with HIV and their families are represented in administrative constraints, affecting economic and interpersonal relationships as well as social nature that materialize the impact of the social stigmas created around the virus on the mental health of seropositive person and their closest affective environment.CONCLUSION: The stigma surrounding HIV leads seropositive people and their families to perceive it as a barrier to accessing cultural services, which demands greater intervention efforts by health authorities than other types of barriers in health systems.

scholarly journals Experiences and Impact of Stigma and Discrimination among People on Antiretroviral Therapy in Dar es Salaam: A Qualitative Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maisara Mhode ◽  
Tumaini Nyamhanga
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Positive Treatment ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Background. The impact of stigma on adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been less studied in Tanzania. Recent studies indicate that people on ART still experience stigma. Qualitative information on the subject matter is especially insufficient.Objective. This paper reports on the dimensions of stigma and discrimination and their impact on adherence to ART as experienced by people living with HIV (PLHIV).Design. A phenomenological approach was used to gather information on the lived experiences of stigma and discrimination. The sample size was determined according to the saturation principle.Results. Respondents experienced different forms of HIV-related stigma such as verbal, social, and perceived stigma. Various forms of discrimination were experienced, including relational discrimination, mistreatment by health care workers, blame and rejection by spouses, and workplace discrimination. HIV-related stigma and discrimination compromised ART adherence by reinforcing concealment of HIV status and undermining social suppport.Conclusion. After nearly a decade of increasing the provision of ART in Tanzania, PLHIV still experience stigma and discrimination; these experiences still appear to have a negative impact on treatment adherence. Efforts to reduce stigma and discrimination remain relevant in the ART period and should be given more impetus in order to maximize positive treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Understanding the impact of a residential housing programme for people living with HIV/AIDS: a realist evaluation protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e044522
Author(s):  
Shaneice Fletcher-Hildebrand ◽  
Hubert Alimezelli ◽  
Tracey Carr ◽  
Karen Lawson ◽  
Anum Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Care ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Realist Evaluation ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Programme Theory ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

IntroductionHousing instability and homelessness are significant barriers to medical treatment for people living with HIV/AIDS. For these individuals, lack of stable housing and stigma is associated with insufficient access to care, poor adherence to medication and higher cost burdens to the healthcare system. This protocol reports on the efforts to evaluate Sanctum V.1.0, a hospice and transitional care home for adults with HIV/AIDS in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. The current project was developed out of a need to identify how Sanctum V.1.0 produces varying programme outcomes to assist in endeavours to replicate the programme in other geographic locations.Methods and analysisA realist evaluation will be conducted to explore how and why Sanctum V.1.0 is successful or unsuccessful, in which circumstances and for whom. Rather than explore the degree to which a programme is effective, realist evaluations seek to uncover mechanisms that explain processual links between programme inputs and outcomes. The completed first phase of the project involved the development of an initial realist programme theory. Phases 2 and 3 will consist of methods to test, refine and validate the initial theory using various data sources.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the institutional review board at the University of Saskatchewan on 2 July 2020. Results will be disseminated according to stakeholders’ desires.

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