scholarly journals The Effect of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) Antimalaria Drugs on Liver Enzymes in Pregnancy

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ajibade Oluwagbenga Oyeyemi ◽  
Ayobola Abimbola Sonuga
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control ◽  
In Pregnancy

Aims: Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs) are employed as first-line agents in malaria chemotherapy. This study is aimed at assessing the effects of ACTs on renal function of pregnant women. Study Design: Comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Pregnant women aged 18 to 50 years were recruited from antenatal clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Ekiti State Hospital, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria between 2016 and 2018 Methodology: One hundred and eighty pregnant women were grouped into three which include:  Sixty pregnant women with malaria parasite on ACT drugs (Group A), sixty pregnant women with malaria parasite not on ACT drugs (Group B), sixty pregnant women without malaria parasite (Group C/control). Plasma Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were evaluated by standard methods. The data collected were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student’s t test to compare the data between the test groups and control. Results: Results showed there was a significant decrease (P=.05) in Body Mass Index in the pregnant women with malaria on ACT and those that were not on ACT when compared with control (24.1± 0.32 versus (25+ 2.30 vs 27± 1.62). A significant increase (P=.05) occurred in the levels of ALP,AST, ALT and LDH  in pregnant women with malaria not on ACT drugs when compared the control (168.45±0.19, 10.0±0.27, 8.19±0.25, 4.5±0.21) versus (143.20±0.12, 8.71±0.30, 5.99±0.21, 2.08±0.19),while no significant difference occurred in the levels of ALP,AST, ALT and LDH in pregnant women with malaria on ACT when compared with control (141.60±0.78, 8.02±0.32, 6.10±0.30, 2.75+ 0.20) vs (143.20±0.12, 8.71±0.30, 5.99±0.21, 2.08±0.19). Conclusion: Normal therapeutic dose of ACT has no harmful effect on the liver in pregnancy.

Resorbable Collagen Barrier Impeding the Extrusion of Obturating Material in Primary Molars Undergoing Resorption – A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Mishra Neha Sanjeev ◽  
Harsimran Kaur ◽  
Sandeep Singh Mayall ◽  
Rishika ◽  
Ramakrishna Yeluri
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of placing a resorbable collagen barrier in impeding the extrusion of obturation material in primary molars undergoing resorption. Study design: All the 94 canals in 47 mandibular molars were allocated to 2 groups- Group ‘A’- 47 canals with collagen barrier (Test group) and Group ‘B’- 47 canals without collagen barrier (Control group) based on randomization protocol. Pulpectomy was performed and obturation of both test and control canals were radiographically assessed. Pearson’s chi – square test was applied to analyze the results. The significance level was predetermined at p < 0.05. Results: Among the test group, 93.6% of the canals showed no extrusion while, 6.4% showed visible extrusion of the material outside the apex. In the control group, 83% showed no extrusion whereas 17% of the canals showed visible extrusion outside the apex. But no significant difference was noted (p>0.05). Conclusion: The placement of resorbable collagen barrier in the apical third of the canal prevented the extrusion of obturating material beyond the apex in resorbing primary molars.

scholarly journals Will women’s choice of position in first stage of labor affect labor process?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1515
Author(s):  
Shubha Rao ◽  
Shylabhirami Sridharan ◽  
Akhila Vasudeva ◽  
Roopa P. S.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Recumbent Position ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Type Of Delivery

Background: Controlling the process of childbirth has disabled the parturient to embrace the most spontaneous position of delivery but constricting her to assume a recumbent position. Objective of this study was to study if alternating comfortable maternal positioning i.e., recumbent and alternative position have any influence in the process of labor, type of delivery, neonatal well-being.Methods: Study conducted an observation study on term pregnant women. Study inclusion criteria included all term pregnant women. Exclusion criteria included multiple pregnancies, preterm patient, severe pre-eclampsia, and eclampsia, preterm premature rupture of membranes, sever intrauterine growth restricted fetus. The measured date were maternal general characteristics, duration of labor process, type of delivery and neonatal outcome. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A - if they spent more than 50% in a recumbent position and Group B - any other alternating position.Results: A total 250 women were equally included in this study. The demographic characteristics were matched in both groups and found no significant difference. In the process of labor, Group B had a difference of 1 hours as compared to Group A and the rate of cervical dilation was also faster in Group B. Both of these variables were found to be statistically significant. However, there were no significant difference in the terms of type of delivery and neonatal outcome.Conclusions: The ancient practice of recumbent position during labor is to be discarded as alternating maternal position during the process of labor may a positive influence on the total duration labor. However even though it may or may not have an influence on the other outcome such as route of delivery and neonatal outcome, it is best to encourage women to move and deliver in the most comfortable position.

scholarly journals Factor VIII and Factor VIII Related Antigen in Normal Pregnancy

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. S. de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Clear Tendency ◽  
Factor Viii Related Antigen ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
In Pregnancy

Factor VIII and factor VIII related antigen were found to change proportionately during normal pregnancy. There was a clear tendency for levels of activity and antigen to increase as the duration of the pregnancy advanced. In the pregnant women studied a significant difference was observed in factor VIII levels between Blood Group A and Blood Group O. A similar difference was found in factor VIII related antigen levels. Age, weight and previous use of contraceptives seems to have no influence on factor VIII and factor VIII related antigen values in pregnancy.

Continuous Exercise Coaching Through Smartphone to Improve Quality of Sleep for Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiying Wang ◽  
Xiao-Xian Yang ◽  
Ziyu Xiong ◽  
Daniel J Corsi ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Global Score ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Group A ◽  
Improve Sleep Quality ◽  
Group B ◽  
In Pregnancy

BACKGROUND Sleep quality is often affected by pregnancy, and exercise may improve sleep quality in pregnancy. However, the literature on the effect of integrating smartphones with continuous exercise coaching to improve sleep is sparse. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the effect of continuous exercise coaching through smartphone on sleep quality for pregnant women. METHODS Pregnant women who met the eligibility criteria and agreed to participate at their first prenatal visit were enrolled and divided into two groups: group A (with continuous exercise coaching through smartphone) and group B (without exercise coaching). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale was used to measure the sleep quality. Chi-square test was used for categorical variables and t-test was used for continuously distributed variables for the comparison between the two groups. RESULTS In the 2nd trimester, means (SDs) of global score (9.46 (SD 3.46)), subjective sleep quality score (1.64 (SD 0.72)), and daytime dysfunction score (0.98 (SD 0.82) in group A (50 women)) were lower than in group B (50 women): 11.34 (SD 3.93), 2.02 (SD 0.74), and 1.48 (SD 0.84), respectively. In the 3rd trimester, means (SDs) of global score (10.16 (SD 3.00)), sleep efficiency score (1.64 (SD 0.72)), and daytime dysfunction score (1.86 (SD 0.67)) in group A were lower than in group B: 12.10 (SD 3.51), 1.82 (SD 0.80), and 1.78 (SD 0.76), respectively. In group A, global score of PSQI decreased from the 1st to 2nd trimester and from the 2nd to 3rd trimester. No inter-trimester change in global score of PSQI was observed in group B. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary analysis suggests that continuous exercise coaching through smartphone by health professionals may be an effective way to improve sleep quality in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Micro-osteoperforations versus Piezopuncture on the Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement Associated with Canine Retraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (D) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Tarek Farag ◽  
Wael Mohamed Mubarak Refai ◽  
Ahmed Nasef ◽  
Omnia A. Elhiny ◽  
Ahmed Sh. Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
T Test ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Control Side ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of using micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) or piezocision in accelerating tooth movement, during canine retraction, compared to standard canine retraction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A split-mouth study design was carried out with two Groups A and B. Each group contained 10 patients; in each patient, one side was used as a control side and the contralateral side received either MOPs (Group A) or piezocision (Group B). The assessment data were collected by direct intraoral measurements, every 2 weeks, over a 3 months retraction period. RESULTS: Independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANOVA were used to analyze the results. In Group A, there was a statistically significant difference between the study and control sides (p < 0.001) with a total of 4.2 ± 0.5 mm canine retraction in the MOPs assisted canine retraction side versus a 2.8 ± 0.2 mm total canine retraction in the control side. For Group B, there was a statistically significant difference between the study and control sides (p < 0.001) with a total of 3.6 ± 0.4 mm canine retraction in the piezocision-assisted canine retraction side versus a 2.8 ± 0.2 mm total canine retraction in the control. CONCLUSION: MOPs and piezocision techniques accelerated the rate of canine retraction during orthodontic treatment, with the MOPs being slightly more effective.

scholarly journals Comparative study between vaginal natural progesterone and oral dydrogesterone in prevention of red degeneration of uterine fibroid in pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3330
Author(s):  
Nermeen M. Hefila ◽  
Tarek A. Karkour ◽  
Sara M. Elghareeb ◽  
Tamer M. Abdeldaiem
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Fibroid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Red Degeneration ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Natural Progesterone

Background: Uterine leiomyomas are highly prevalent benign monoclonal tumors, arising from the smooth muscle of the myometrium; they occur in up to 50-60% of reproductive age women, causing significant morbidity in up to 30% of women. The most serious complication of uterine fibroids; is red degeneration that causes severe pain, and may lead to preterm labour, miscarriage, fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective of this study was designed to compare between the effect of vaginal natural MP and oral dydrogesterone in prevention of red degeneration of uterine fibroid during pregnancy.Methods: Patients were recruited from El-Shatby Maternity University Hospital. They were 50 pregnant females, diagnosed having a uterine fibroid more than 3 cm in size then there were divided into two groups, Group A: twenty-five treated by vaginal natural progesterone, Group B: twenty-five treated by oral dydrogesterone. All patients at 14-15 weeks of gestational age underwent complete history taking, clinical examination and ultrasound examination for mean gestational age and assessment of the type and uterine fibroid.Results: Results showed that there were no statistically significant differences as regards age, obstetric history (gravidity and parity), number, Site, grade and size of the fibroid. There was a significant difference between the two studied groups, regarding the acute abdominal pain, it occurred to only 3 cases (12%) in Group A, versus to 16 cases (64%) in Group B. Regarding occurrence of red degeneration, it occurred only to 3 cases (12%) in Group A, while in Group B it occurred to 15 cases (60%).Conclusions: Vaginal natural micronized progesterone is more effective than oral dydrogesterone in prevention of red degeneration of uterine fibroid in pregnancy with fewer complications. Vaginal natural progesterone daily dose of 200 mg is recommended to all pregnant females with uterine fibroids.

scholarly journals Increase of PlGF (Placental Growth Factor) Level After Administration of Dydrogesterone in Pregnancy

KnE Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Karlina Rusly
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
In Pregnancy

<p><strong>Aim:</strong> To observe the effect of Dydrogesterone administration in pregnancy on PlGF level</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a randomized controlled clinical trial. Study population has been divided into two groups. Group A consists of 20 women who receive only Folic acid 5 mg a day for 4 weeks time. Group B consists of 20 women who receive Dydrogesterone 2x10 mg a day and Folic acid 5 mg a day for 4 weeks. PlGF has been measured twice. First measurement was done before drug administration, while the second measurement has been done during 18<sup>th</sup> weeks of pregnancy. The changes on PlGF level before and after treatment from each group has been analyzed using SPSS 17.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> 40 pregnant women have been recruited for this study. There are no differences based on the patient’s age, number of pregnancy and parity, gestational age and body weight between each group.  The mean levels of PlGF in both groups before intervention shows no significant difference (p = 0091 or p&gt; 0.05), 40.80 pg/mL vs.  25.95 pg / mL. The mean levels of PlGF in group A after 4 weeks administration of Folic acid is 89.60 pg / mL. It shows the escalation of 48.8 pg / mL. The elevation of PlGF level in group A shows significant difference (p = 0.000 or p &lt;0.05) after 4 weeks Folic acid treatment.The mean levels of PlGF in group B after 4 weeks administration of Dydrogesterone and Folic acid is 212.15 pg / mL. It shows the escalation of 186.20 pg / mL. The elevation of PlGF level in group B shows significant difference (p = 0.000 or p &lt;0.05) after 4 weeks Dydrogesterone and Folic acid treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Dydrogesterone treatment can increase the level of PlGF.</p>

scholarly journals To compare rosuvastatin with atorvastatin in terms of mean change in LDL-C in patient of diabetes mellitus.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (07) ◽  
pp. 1505-1510
Author(s):  
Masood Javed ◽  
Dilshad Mohammad ◽  
Muzzammal Iftikhar ◽  
Mohsin Jameel ◽  
Zain Masood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Close Association ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

Diabetes Mellitus is a very common metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and altered metabolism of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates due to absolute or relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. There is a close association between complications of Diabetes and Diabetic Dyslipidemias. The lowering of LDL levels with statins varies from 20 to 60% and greatest effects are seen with the most potent statins such as Atorvastatin, and Rosuvastatin in higher doses. Objectives: The objective of the study was; to compare Rosuvastatin with Atorvastatin in terms of mean change in LDL-C in patients of Diabetes Mellitus. Study Design: Randomized Control Trail. Setting: Department of Medicine DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: Six months from 01/10/2018 to 31/03/2019. Material & Methods: Results: A total of 160 cases (80 in each group) fulfilling the inclusive/exclusive criteria were enrolled to compare Rosuvastatin with Atorvastatin in terms of mean change in LDL-C in patients of Diabetes Mellitus. Mean LDL-C levels at baseline was recorded as159.61+1.22 in Group-A and 159.51+1.21 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.603 showing insignificant difference. Mean LDL-C after 6 weeks of treatment was recorded as129.11p+1.50 in Group-A and 129.89+2.23 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.01 showing significant difference. Mean change in LDL-C level after 6 weeks of treatment was recorded as 30.5+1.88 in Group-A and 29.63+2.57 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.01 showing a significant difference. The data was stratified for Age, Gender, Duration of Diabetes Mellitus and control of Diabetes Mellitus. Conclusion:  This study proves superiority of Rosuvastain over Atorvastatin in reducing LDL-C level in type 2 DM Patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Cardioankle Vascular Index in Pregnant Women Complicated with Hypertensive Disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Yoshida ◽  
Takashi Sugiyama ◽  
Norimasa Sagawa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

It was previously reported that the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is elevated in preeclamptic women. However, baPWV is strongly affected by blood pressure. Recently, a new index of vascular stiffness, the cardioankle vascular index (CAVI), was developed. CAVI is thought to be an index independent of blood pressure. We assessed CAVI in normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women. We studied a total of 109 Japanese women consisting of 23 nonpregnant healthy women (group A), 45 normotensive pregnant women (group B), 28 pregnant women complicated with established preeclampsia (group C), and 13 pregnant women with chronic hypertension (group D). The subject remained supine while the blood pressure, baPWV, and CAVI were recorded. No significant difference in baPWV was present between groups C and D, but the difference in CAVI was significantly high in group D. We believe that we can distinguish the vessel structural change between chronic hypertension and preeclampsia through simultaneous baPWV and CAVI measurements.

scholarly journals Comparison of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnancies with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane (PPROM) Terminating in 34th or 36th Gestational Weeks: A Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Shamsi Abbasalizadeh ◽  
Rana Bagherifard ◽  
Farshad Mahdavi ◽  
Fatemeh Abbasaizadeh ◽  
Shiva Raouf
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Birth Complications ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
Group B

present  study,  we aimed at studying maternal  and  neonatal  outcomes  in  patients with terminated pregnancy in 34th  and  36th  gestational  weeks. Materials and methods: 40 pregnant women, with PPROM who underwent pregnancy termination at 34 group (A) or 36 group (B) gestational weeks, were included to be evaluated and compared for maternal and neonatal outcomes. Type of delivery, birth complications, chorioamnoionitis, endometritis, sepsis, maternal mortality, infant gender, birth weight, Apgar scores, respiratory distress syndrome, Meconium-stained amniotic fluid, NICU admission, abruption, umbilical cord prolapse, maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups.  Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding maternal age, level of education, or gravity. The percentage of cases with birth weight between 1500 and 2500 g was significantly higher in group A P<0.001). Frequency of NICU admission in group A was significantly more than group B (P<0.001). In conclusion: Termination of pregnancy at 36 weeks compared to 34 weeks in pregnant women with PPROM is preferred in terms of neonatal outcomes and it is recommended; also, there might be no preference in terms of  maternal outcomes. 

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