scholarly journals Pharmacoepidemiological Safety of Drugs Used in Geriatrics: A Systematic Review in Madanapalle and Punganur Region of Andhra Pradesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 207-220
Author(s):  
M. Akmal Ali Baig ◽  
Girendra Kumar Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Geriatric Patient ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Beers Criteria ◽  
Start Criteria ◽  
Co Morbidity

In this study, we were provided universal considerations for the setting up and carry out of pharmacoepidemiological studies of drug use for disorders like Osteoarthritis, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Hypothyroidism, Depression, and Osteoporosis in geriatric patient. The study method was focused on monitored and categorized the prescriptions of geriatrics from 650 patient in Madapalle and Puganur region of Andhra Pradesh, Identified and prepare the list of drugs, which were inappropriately prescribed and used in geriatrics by using Revised Beers criteria and also assess the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) by using Modified Barthel Index (MBI). Identify any drug-drug interactions among the drugs used in geriatrics. We were reported the adverse drug reactions appeared in geriatrics and the various treatments that the patients are received with different co-morbidity disease with the assessment of drug exposure, and ascertainment of PIM, PPO STOPP, START criteria and MBI outcomes. Characteristic of statistics sources include evaluation of complete history of drug use in elderly patient with co-morbidity condition, allowing approximate of collective exposure. Result data from beers criteria with PIM, modified barthel index are preferable, but elderly patient treatment data from reliable sources, for example, patient or pathology registries, and medical records are also considered. We present report to showed poly-pharmacy effects of drug use on elderly patient improvement and converse the need for employing STOPP and START criteria of PIM and PPO to avoid undesirable drug reaction causation. We emphasize that a study design of beers criteria always be considered and result of Modified barthel index shows the dependency rate in elderly patient. We also underline the need for Comorbidity analyses in geriatric patient and drug usage, as drug utilization in geriatric are prone to dose and number of drugs in treatment dependent. In the main, studies of Prescription analyses like polypharmacy, PIM, PPO in prescription should explore risk Geriatric patient, the present study reveal the PIM and PPO of in prescription from six hundred and fifty geriatric patient. We conclude the pharmacoepidemiological studies of elderly patient are likely to develop significantly in the coming years, due to the rising mortality of long-term drug exposures and less awareness of poly-pharmacy result, the increasing perform of multinational studies, permiting studies of rare and common disease in elderly people, types of medication and procedural development specifically addressing geriatric treatment and long-term outcomes.

Enhancing community welfare through improved water quality: a case for applying staggered pollution charges in the river Musi sub-basin of Andhra Pradesh, India

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-483
Author(s):  
Tishya Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
Community Acceptance ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Over Time

In conditions of severe water-pollution and dormant community acceptance of accumulating environmental damage, the regulator's role goes beyond pollution prevention and more towards remediation and solutions based on the community's long-term expectations of economic benefits from clean water. This paper suggests a method to enable these benefits to become perceptible progressively, through participatory clean-up operations, supported by staggered pollution charges. It analyses the relevant literature on pollution prevention and applies a cost-based “willingness to pay” model, using primary basin-level data of total marginal costs. It develops a replicable demand-side approach imposing charge-standard targets over time in urban-industrial basins of developing countries.

scholarly journals Racial disparities in discontinuation of long-term opioid therapy following illicit drug use among black and white patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie R. Gaither ◽  
Kirsha Gordon ◽  
Stephen Crystal ◽  
E. Jennifer Edelman ◽  
Robert D. Kerns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Opioid Therapy ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Patients

Labor Market Effects of Marijuana and Cocaine Use among Young Men

ILR Review ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Register ◽  
Donald R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
National Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Productivity Effect ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Using Data

Using data on marijuana and cocaine use from the 1984 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, the authors examine the hypothesis that drug use reduces labor market productivity, as measured by wages. From an analysis that controls for the probability of employment and the endogeneity of drug use, they find that although long-term and on-the-job use of marijuana negatively affected wages, the net productivity effect for all marijuana users (both those who engaged in long-term or on-the-job use and those who did not) was positive. No statistically significant association was found between cocaine use and productivity.

Long-term nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use and Helicobacter pylori infection

1991 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1653-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Y. Graham ◽  
Martin D. Lidsky ◽  
Annalee M. Cox ◽  
Doyle J. Evans ◽  
Dolores G. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drug ◽  
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection

Enzyme-Inducing Antiseizure Drug Use Is Associated with Long-Term Cardiovascular Disease in a Dose Dependent Fashion in Adults with Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Bruce Josephson ◽  
Samuel Wiebe ◽  
Guillermo Delgado-Garcia ◽  
Arturo González-Izquierdo ◽  
Spiros Denaxas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Dose Dependent Fashion ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract T P231: Does Intraventricular Hemorrhage Lead to a Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus-Like Syndrome?

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Kruger ◽  
Matthew Flaherty ◽  
Padmini Sekar ◽  
Mary Haverbusch ◽  
Charles J Moomaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Stroke Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has the highest short and long-term morbidity and mortality rates of stroke subtypes. While increased intracranial pressure due to the presence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) may relate to early poor outcomes, the mechanism of reduced 3-month outcome with IVH is unclear. We hypothesized that IVH may cause symptoms similar to normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), specifically urinary incontinence and gait disturbance. Methods: We used interviewed cases from the Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Hemorrhagic Stroke Study (7/1/08-12/31/12) that had 3-month follow-ups available. CT images were analyzed for ICH volume and location, and IVH presence and volume. Incontinence and dysmobility were defined by Barthel Index at 3 months. We chose a Barthel Index score of bladder less than 10 and mobility less than 15 to define incontinence and dysmobility, respectively. Multivariate analysis was used to assess independent risk factors for incontinence and dysmobility. ICH and IVH volumes were log transformed because of non-normal distributions. Results: Barthel Index was recorded for 308 ICH subjects, of whom 106 (34.4%) had IVH. Presence of IVH was independently associated with both incontinence (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.4-5.2; p=.003) and dysmobility (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.4-4.8; p=.003). The Table shows that increasing IVH volume was also independently associated with both incontinence and dysmobility after controlling for ICH location, ICH volume, age, baseline mRS, and admission GCS. Conclusion: Our data show that patients with IVH after ICH are at an increased risk for developing the NPH-like symptoms of incontinence and dysmobility. This may explain the worse long-term outcomes of patients who survive ICH with IVH than those who had ICH alone. Future studies are needed to confirm this finding, and to determine the effect of IVH interventions such as shunt or intraventricular thrombolysis.

Empirical and long-term therapy for endometriosis-associated pelvic pain

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
I. V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Long Term Therapy

Endometriosis is a common disease, the diagnosis and treatment of which is still a matter of debate. One of the main symptoms of endometriosis -pelvic pain is a particular problem due to the difficulties in identifying the cause and the lack of sufficient effect from surgical and medical treatment. The literature review presents current data on the prevalence, clinical characteristics and methods of individualized therapy in patients with pelvic pain established or presumably associated with endometriosis.

scholarly journals Long-term efficacy of oral alendronate therapy in an elderly patient with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia: A case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1239-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUI-DONG LI ◽  
AKIRA OGOSE ◽  
TETSUO HOTTA ◽  
HIROYUKI KAWASHIMA ◽  
TAKASHI ARIIZUMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Term Efficacy

scholarly journals Intoxicated Donors and Heart Transplant Outcomes: Long-Term Safety

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Baran ◽  
Justin Lansinger ◽  
Ashleigh Long ◽  
John M. Herre ◽  
Amin Yehya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Heart Transplants ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Ischemic Time ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Donor Shortage ◽  
United Network

Background: The opioid crisis has led to an increase in available donor hearts, although questions remain about the long-term outcomes associated with the use of these organs. Prior studies have relied on historical information without examining the toxicology results at the time of organ offer. The objectives of this study were to examine the long-term survival of heart transplants in the recent era, stratified by results of toxicological testing at the time of organ offer as well as comparing the toxicology at the time of donation with variables based on reported history. Methods: The United Network for Organ Sharing database was requested as well as the donor toxicology field. Between 2007 and 2017, 23 748 adult heart transplants were performed. United Network for Organ Sharing historical variables formed a United Network for Organ Sharing Toxicology Score and the measured toxicology results formed a Measured Toxicology Score. Survival was examined by the United Network for Organ Sharing Toxicology Score and Measured Toxicology Score, as well as Cox proportional hazards models incorporating a variety of risk factors. Results: The number and percent of donors with drug use has significantly increased over the study period ( P <0.0001). Cox proportional hazards modeling of survival including toxicological and historical data did not demonstrate differences in post-transplant mortality. Combinations of drugs identified by toxicology were not associated with differences in survival. Lower donor age and ischemic time were significantly positively associated with survival ( P <0.0001). Conclusions: Among donors accepted for transplantation, neither history nor toxicological evidence of drug use was associated with significant differences in survival. Increasing use of such donors may help alleviate the chronic donor shortage.

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