scholarly journals The Role of Routine Ultrasonography in the First Trimester of Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 950-958
Author(s):  
T. Saravanan ◽  
Hephzibah Kirubamani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Early Pregnancy Failure ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Introduction: In the early stages of pregnancy, ultrasound is an extremely specific method for examination. This article reviews how the normal development of a baby in the first trimester of pregnancy relates to ultrasound findings. Aim: To highlight the importance of routine ultrasonography in the first trimester of pregnancy in detecting and dating gestation, its viability and early detection of anomalies and complications Methods: This descriptive study involved 100 pregnant women within 12 weeks of gestation attending antenatal clinic at Saveetha Medical college, during the study period Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant women with history of amenorrhea <12 weeks of gestation. Exclusion criteria: Individuals with history of pain abdomen and bleeding per vaginum Results: A total of 99 pregnancies were intrauterine of which 1 was anembryonic and 2 had early pregnancy failure, 15 pregnancies were redated. One ectopic and one fibroid complicating pregnancy were aslo found. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is an effective method to detect and date pregnancy, identify nonviable pregnancies, fetal abnormalities and early trimester complications. Hence it is ideal to use it routinely as screening tool during the first trimester of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus Infection during Pregnancy and Its Impact on the Intrauterine Fetal Development – Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Angelova Angelova ◽  
Emil Kovachev ◽  
Nikolai Todorov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Brain Ventricle

AIM: The aim of this publication is to present a case of CMV infection during pregnancy, with clinical manifestations of the development of microcephaly and simultaneous dilatation of the 3rd and 4th brain ventricle at 23 weeks gestation. This article discusses the role of ultrasound screening in the second trimester of pregnancy.CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 25-year-old woman with the initials S.K. in her second pregnancy that came to our antenatal Consulting Centre. The first screening for blood count, blood group, biochemistry and serology showed results within the reference range. The patient came for a second comprehensive biochemical screening at 17 – 18 weeks gestation. The results showed the low genetic risk of congenital anomalies. Fetal morphology of the fetus was normal. S.K. came again for consultation at 22 weeks gestation in connection with the admittance of her first 3-year-old child to the hospital because of pneumonia. Serological tests of the child had shown elevated CMV titer - specific IgM. Then we made new serological tests of the patient and the results have shown that the patient was most likely infected by CMV primarily in the first trimester of pregnancy. After consulting about the risk of transmission of CMV to the fetus, the woman chose monthly ultrasound scans and refused amniocentesis. At 36 weeks gestation, in addition to the microcephaly already established, enlargement of the IV brain ventricle at the expense of underdevelopment of the cerebellum was noticed. Also, 2nd to 3rd stage of placenta maturity and low quantity of amniotic fluid was established. A male fetus of weight 2,890 g and height 50 cm was delivered.   The fetus was with skin petechiae and hepatosplenomegaly. Neurological examination showed no abnormalities.CONCLUSIONS: In the described case the time interval between infection and ultrasonic manifestations is more than 17 weeks. The long interval between infection and occurrence of ultrasound markers can be a good prediction sign, as it may reflect less aggressive viral infection than present in cases where similar ultrasound findings were obtained shortly after infection of the mother.

scholarly journals Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis ababa, Ethiopia - a cross sectional type of study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desta Samuel Umuro ◽  
Yared Lasebew Asres ◽  
Gezahegn Mamo Muluneh
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted from December 1–30, 2018 on 405 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. All pregnant women visiting the Antenatal care clinic during the study period and who fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the study. Secondary data was collected from clients register and personal files on hemoglobin, HIV, stool, and other variables. Descriptive statistics was used to analysis some variables by using SPSS. Logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with anemia in pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratio with their 95% of confidence interval and p < 0.05 are consider to have significant association. Results The magnitude of Anemia in pregnant women in this study was 19.8%, (95% CI 16.00-23.70). HIV infection (AOR = 6.12(95% CI 2.19, 17.08) parasitic infestation (AOR = 11.88 (95% CI 5.60, 25.20) and history of not taking fruit after meal during pregnancy (AOR = 3.12(95% CI 1.72, 5.67) were the major determinants of anemia. Conclusion This study showed that the magnitude of anemia among pregnant women was high especially at third trimester. Living with HIV /AIDS, parasitic infestation and no history of taking fruits after meal were the main factors.

scholarly journals Routine VDRL Test in Pregnant Women: How Justified Is It?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Mosammat Gul A Anar ◽  
Tabassum Ghani ◽  
Md Zahidul Islam ◽  
Mst Zinat Rehana Shilpi ◽  
Ehsan Ara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Past History ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Antenatal Screening ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bangladeshi Population

Background & objective: The present study was undertaken to justify the role of routine antenatal screening for syphilis using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test in Bangladeshi pregnant women. Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics Inpatient and Outpatient, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) and selected Private Clinics over a period of 6 months between January 2016 to June 2016. Pregnant women attending at the above-mentioned places during the study period were the study population. A total of 371 women attending at antenatal clinic at OPD or admitted in the Inpatient Department of DMCH were consecutively included. The outcome variable was outcome of VDRL test. Result: In the present study, the mean age of the pregnant women was 24.3 years. In terms of occupation, housewife comprised the main bulk (78.8%). About 64% were multigravida and 60% were primipara. Of the 371 pregnant women subjected to VDRL test, only 4(1.1%) exhibited reactive. About one-third of the women had history of past abortion. Of them two-thirds had experienced abortion once. Of the aborted cases 57% were spontaneous and 43% induced. Ten percent of the women gave the history of delivering dead baby. Three-quarters of the dead babies were fresh, 22.2% had skin lesion and only one was macerated. Half of the women had history of vaginal discharge, 27.2% itching in vagina and vulva and 17% dysuria. However, very few husbands had dysuria, pus discharge through urethra or ulcer in the genital region. About 10% of women gave the history opthalmia neonatrum in their children born in the past. History of dysuria was rare (0.8%), but pus discharged from urethra of their husbands was 12.1%. HbsAg was found positive in 5(1.3%) cases and pus-cell in urine in 41(11.1%) cases. Conclusion: The study concluded that pregnant women with VDRL test positivity in Bangladeshi population are low and, as such, the role of routine antenatal screening for syphilis with VDRL test should be re-considered. Ibrahim Card Med J 2020; 10 (1&2): 89-95

scholarly journals Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at st. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, July, 2019

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desta Samuel Umuro ◽  
Yared Lasebew Asres ◽  
Gezahegn Mamo Muluneh
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: This study aimed to assess magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted from December 1, 2018 to January 15, 2019 on 405 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. All pregnant women visiting the Antenatal care clinic during the study period and who fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the study. Secondary data was collected from clients register and personal files on hemoglobin, HIV, stool, and other variables. Descriptive statistics was used to analysis some variables by using SPSS. Logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with anemia in pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratio with their 95% of confidence interval and p<0.05 are consider to have significant association. Results: The magnitude of Anemia in pregnant women in this study was 19.8 %, (95% CI 16.00-23.70). HIV infection (AOR=6.12(95% CI 2.19, 17.08) parasitic infestation (AOR= 11.88 (95% CI 5.60, 25.20) and history of not taking fruit after meal during pregnancy (AOR=3.12(95% CI 1.72, 5.67) were the major determinants of anemia. Conclusion: This study showed that the magnitude of anemia among pregnant women was high especially at third trimester. Living with HIV /AIDS, parasitic infestation and no history of taking fruits after meal were the main factors. Key words: Magnitude, Anemia, Pregnant women

Factors associated with the delay in seeking first antenatal care service among pregnant women at Katutura state hospital, Khomas region

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nghitanwa Emma Maano ◽  
Shanyengange Tuwilika. N.
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
State Hospital ◽  
Care Service ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Services ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with the delay in seeking first antenatal care (ANC) service among pregnant women at Katutura state hospital, Khomas region. A qualitative, explorative and descriptive design was used to gain the data from pregnant women started first antenatal care later than twelve weeks of gestation.Data was collected through in-depth interview among pregnant women during their first visit at Katutura state hospital antenatal clinic, Khomas region. The data analysis was done in line with thematic analysis and themes and sub-themes were identified.The study findings concluded that most pregnant women attend their first ANC later than twelve weeks gestation because of work commitment, long distance to health facilities, and lack of knowledge about the important of starting ANC in first trimester of pregnancy.The study recommends the establishment and implementation of a community based health education programs about the antenatal care services in order to create awareness and knowledge in the community about the importance of starting antenatal care services during the first trimester of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Detection of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in serum from women with recurrent spontaneous abortion

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1181-1186
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

To investigate the role of IL-6 and IL-8 in the immune-regulatory mechanisms involved in the recurrent spontaneous abortion of the first trimester of pregnancy. Serum level of IL-6 and IL-8 were determined in 25 women of age (20-35) years who had a spontaneous abortion of unknown aetiology during the first trimester of pregnancy .They were compared with the corresponding levels of 20 pregnant and non-pregnant women as control groups .cytokine levels were measured by (ELISA) technique .The women with spontaneous abortion had highly significant (P < 0.01) increased serum level of IL-8 and highly significant (P < 0.01 ) decreased level of IL-6 compared to those with normal pregnant and non-pregnant women. The results of this study may be related to the underlying aetiopathogenetic mechanisms , however , There is sufficient evidence for their use as predictive markers of pregnancy outcome.

scholarly journals Incidence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
S. Roshini ◽  
R. Shruta Lakshanaa ◽  
M. Sivasankar ◽  
M. Griffin ◽  
T. Suhas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Medical College

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the presence of bacteria in the properly collected urine of a patient that has no signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection. Aim: This study was carried out to determine the incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women in Saveetha medical college, Thandalam, Tamil Nadu. Materials and Methods: A total of 250 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at civil hospital, Saveetha medical college, over a period of 3 months, with age groups between 18 to 30 years agreed to enter the study and were clinically evaluated. All these women were asked to submit clean catch midstream urine samples and it was examined under the microscope and by culture method. Results: A total of 250 pregnant women included in our study, with varying age groups between 18 to 30 years and the highest incidence was seen in between the 26 to 30 age group. Asymptomatic bacteriuria was seen in 27.2% of the pregnant women. The prevalence of Escherichia coli was among the most dominant organism, followed by Staphylococcus aureus ,klebsiella and proteus species. Conclusion: The study showed 27.2% of the pregnant women to have asymptomatic bacteriuria. This can be reduced by screening the mothers in first trimester and routine urine culture test must be carried out.

scholarly journals Assessment of Percentage Saturation of Hemoglobin with Oxygen in Arterial Blood of Pregnant Women

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
DK Sunyal ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
MH Molla ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
S Ferdousi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Percentage Saturation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: Percentage saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen in arterial blood (SaO2) was studied in pregnant women to evaluate the lung function status in pregnancy. Methods: This study was conducted in the department of physiology in Dhaka medical college during July 2004 to June 2005. For this purpose total 32 women with age ranged 25-35 years without any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected from Dhaka city. Eight (8) age matched apparently healthy women was taken as control and Twenty four (24) normal pregnant women without any complication were included in experimental group. All pregnant subjects were studied during first, second and third trimester. SaO2 was determined by “Easy Blood Gas Auto Analyzer”. SaO2 during different trimesters were compared with that of non pregnant and also among the trimesters. Statistical analysis was done by students unpaired ‘t’ test. Result: Mean ±SD SaO2 during first trimester (97.73%±0.92), second trimester (98.05%±0.54) and third trimester (98.40%±0.30) were progressively increasing and were significantly higher (p<0.05, p<0.001, p<0.001) than that of non pregnant women (96.71±0.63). But no statistically significant differences were observed among the trimesteric values. The present result indicates increased lung function in pregnant women associated with progressively increased oxygen saturation with trimester. Higher progesterone level is related to increased ventilation which is more marked in luteal phase of menstrual cycle. In pregnant women gradually rising progesterone level reaches its peak at the later part of pregnancy. Conclusion: Therefore it may be concluded from the present study that progressively increased SaO2 might be related to hyperventilation induced by high progesterone level. Key words: Pregnant women, trimester, progesterone J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2006 Dec;(1):10-13.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF VAGINAL BLEEDING IN FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY BY COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLINICAL AND ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakarsh Sinha ◽  
Kumar Amit
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Abnormal Pregnancy ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Bleeding per vaginum in the first trimester of pregnancy is one of the most common obstetric problems. Bleeding in early pregnancy is an indicator of an abnormality interrupting the normal development and is a common cause of hospital admission. If the viability or non viability of pregnancy can be made on USG, then hormonal therapy and hospitalization can be avoided. This is usually impossible with history and clinical examination and can be established only by USG. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of Vaginal Bleeding in First Trimester of Pregnancy by Comparative Study of Clinical and Ultrasonographic Evaluation. The present study was planned in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Madhubani Medical College and Hospital, Madhubani, Bihar. In the present study 30 females having history of bleeding per vaginum in the first trimester of pregnancy were enrolled. The data generated from the present study concludes that USG is an extremely valuable non invasive tool in the identifying the causes of first trimester vaginal bleeding. It is also helpful in the decision-making algorithm about the safe continuation of the pregnancy and timely intervention for abnormal pregnancy. High incongruity was seen in our study between clinical diagnosis and USG diagnosis. Keywords: Vaginal Bleeding, First Trimester, Pregnancy, Clinical, Ultrasonographic Evaluation, etc.

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