scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF VAGINAL BLEEDING IN FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY BY COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLINICAL AND ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakarsh Sinha ◽  
Kumar Amit
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Abnormal Pregnancy ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Bleeding per vaginum in the first trimester of pregnancy is one of the most common obstetric problems. Bleeding in early pregnancy is an indicator of an abnormality interrupting the normal development and is a common cause of hospital admission. If the viability or non viability of pregnancy can be made on USG, then hormonal therapy and hospitalization can be avoided. This is usually impossible with history and clinical examination and can be established only by USG. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of Vaginal Bleeding in First Trimester of Pregnancy by Comparative Study of Clinical and Ultrasonographic Evaluation. The present study was planned in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Madhubani Medical College and Hospital, Madhubani, Bihar. In the present study 30 females having history of bleeding per vaginum in the first trimester of pregnancy were enrolled. The data generated from the present study concludes that USG is an extremely valuable non invasive tool in the identifying the causes of first trimester vaginal bleeding. It is also helpful in the decision-making algorithm about the safe continuation of the pregnancy and timely intervention for abnormal pregnancy. High incongruity was seen in our study between clinical diagnosis and USG diagnosis. Keywords: Vaginal Bleeding, First Trimester, Pregnancy, Clinical, Ultrasonographic Evaluation, etc.

scholarly journals The Role of Routine Ultrasonography in the First Trimester of Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 950-958
Author(s):  
T. Saravanan ◽  
Hephzibah Kirubamani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Early Pregnancy Failure ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Introduction: In the early stages of pregnancy, ultrasound is an extremely specific method for examination. This article reviews how the normal development of a baby in the first trimester of pregnancy relates to ultrasound findings. Aim: To highlight the importance of routine ultrasonography in the first trimester of pregnancy in detecting and dating gestation, its viability and early detection of anomalies and complications Methods: This descriptive study involved 100 pregnant women within 12 weeks of gestation attending antenatal clinic at Saveetha Medical college, during the study period Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant women with history of amenorrhea <12 weeks of gestation. Exclusion criteria: Individuals with history of pain abdomen and bleeding per vaginum Results: A total of 99 pregnancies were intrauterine of which 1 was anembryonic and 2 had early pregnancy failure, 15 pregnancies were redated. One ectopic and one fibroid complicating pregnancy were aslo found. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is an effective method to detect and date pregnancy, identify nonviable pregnancies, fetal abnormalities and early trimester complications. Hence it is ideal to use it routinely as screening tool during the first trimester of pregnancy.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MATERNAL OUTCOME IN FIRST-TRIMESTER VAGINAL BLEEDING IN THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAIPUR

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Meena ◽  
Suniti Verma ◽  
R N Sehra ◽  
Suman Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: The outcome of ongoing pregnancies after first trimester vaginal bleeding is of relevance to women and obstetricians for planning antenatal care and clinical interventions in pregnancy. Hence, this study was conducted to identify the risks associated with first trimester bleed which may facilitate decision making regarding mode, place and timing of delivery during management, which may improve maternal and neonatal outcome. Methods: Hospital based comparative prospective study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College & associated Hospitals, Jaipur. Results: APH was found in 4 (8.00%) patients of case group and nil in control group. So, APH was found to be more in the case group than control group but was statistically not significant. Pre-eclampsia was found in 4 (8.00%) in case group and 3 (6.00%) in control group with statistically insignificant difference between the two groups.  26 (52.00%) delivered at the gestational age of ?37 weeks, whereas only 8 (16%) of control group delivered at ?37 weeks. So, the gestational age at delivery of control group subjects was found to be higher as compared to case group subjects and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: Threatened miscarriage in early pregnancy increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. In our study, these patients were found to be at an increased risk of preterm delivery, PPROM. Keywords: PROM, Miscarriage, Gestational age

SIGNIFICANCE OF ULTRASOUND IN CLINICALLY DIAGNOSED CAUSES OF VAGINAL BLEEDING IN FIRST TRIMESTER PREGNANCY

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Amit Shankhwar ◽  
Prem Siddharth Tripathi ◽  
Saurabh Atram ◽  
Pankaj Kujur ◽  
Prakhar Nigam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Incomplete Abortion ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Threatened Abortion

Background: (1) Nearly one-fourth (20-25%) of all pregnant women present with history of vaginal bleeding during the rst trimester . Ultrasound imaging plays an important role in determining the causes of vaginal bleeding during rst trimester of pregnancy. Aims & Objectives:To evaluate the signicance of ultrasound in clinically diagnosed causes of vaginal bleeding in rst trimester pregnancy. Methods: 100 women with vaginal bleeding during rst trimester of pregnancy with clinical diagnosis were evaluated by ultrasonography [USG] and interpretation was compared. Results: Among these 100 cases, threatened abortion was the commonest cause of bleeding (30%) followed by incomplete abortion. Disparity was found between clinical diagnosis of rst trimester vaginal bleed and ultrasound diagnosis. Ultrasound is highly sensitive and specic in diagnosing all causes of rst trimester vaginal bleed including ectopic pregnancy. Conclusion: With good diagnostic performance, USG proves to be an important imaging modality in determining the causes of vaginal bleeding during rst trimester of pregnancy and thus provides an aid for clinicians in better management of patients.

SIGNIFICANCE OF ULTRASOUND IN CLINICALLY DIAGNOSED CAUSES OF VAGINAL BLEEDING IN FIRST TRIMESTER PREGNANCY

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-40
Author(s):  
Amit Shankhwar ◽  
Prem Siddharth Tripathi ◽  
Saurabh Atram ◽  
Pankaj Kujur ◽  
Prakhar Nigam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Incomplete Abortion ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Threatened Abortion

Background: Nearly one-fourth (20-25%) of all pregnant women present with history of vaginal bleeding during the rst trimester (1). Ultrasound imaging plays an important role in determining the causes of vaginal bleeding during rst trimester of pregnancy. Aims & Objectives: To evaluate the signicance of ultrasound in clinically diagnosed causes of vaginal bleeding in rst trimester pregnancy. Methods: 100 women with vaginal bleeding during rst trimester of pregnancy with clinical diagnosis were evaluated by ultrasonography [USG] and interpretation was compared. Results: Among these 100 cases, threatened abortion was the commonest cause of bleeding (30%) followed by incomplete abortion. Disparity was found between clinical diagnosis of rst trimester vaginal bleed and ultrasound diagnosis. Ultrasound is highly sensitive and specic in diagnosing all causes of rst trimester vaginal bleed including ectopic pregnancy. Conclusion: With good diagnostic performance, USG proves to be an important imaging modality in determining the causes of vaginal bleeding during rst trimester of pregnancy and thus provides an aid for clinicians in better management of patients.

scholarly journals Placenta Percreta in First Trimester Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Ferdousi Chowdhury ◽  
Shamima Ferdousi ◽  
Ayesha Beg ◽  
Md Aminul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Rare Condition ◽  
Good Health ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Placenta Percreta ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Dilatation And Curettage ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Emergency Hysterectomy

Placenta percreta is a rare condition and extremely rare in first trimester of pregnancy. It is a life threatening obstetric condition specially in undiagnosed cases. Here we report a case of 32 years 5th gravid woman having history of previous one caesarian section(C/S) and two dilatation and curettage (D&C), who presented to us with life threatening vaginal bleeding during the attempt of curettage of 12 weeks missed pregnancy. Along with resuscitation emergency hysterectomy was done. Placenta was found in lower segment of uterus invading up to serous coat. Histopathology also confirmed placenta percreta. She received 6 units of blood. She was discharged from hospital after 7 days in good health. CBMJ 2016 January: Vol. 05 No. 01 P: 46-49

scholarly journals Ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care centre of Jharkhand, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2969
Author(s):  
Meetali Parashar ◽  
Meena Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Previous History ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Β Hcg ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is one in which the fertilized ovum is implanted and develops outside the endometrial cavity. It is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in first trimester. The present study was conducted to study the risk factors, clinical presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy in RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand during May 2017 to September 2018. A total of 90 cases were included in the study.Results: 80% of the patients presented with amenorrhoea, 98% had abdominal pain and 69% had vaginal bleeding. Ultrasonography revealed hemoperitoneum in about 93% patients. 16 (18%) patients had history of infertility whereas 10 patients (11%) had taken treatment of infertility.6 (7%) patients had history of STD or PID.14 (16%) had undergone bilateral tubectomy.2 (2%) had history of IUCD insertion and 12 (13%) patients had undergone previously lscs. 54 patients (60%) had undergone D and C and 6 patients (7%) had a previous history of ectopic pregnancy. 68 (76%) underwent only salpingectomy.12 (13%) had salpingo-oophorectomy and 10 (11%) had salpingectomy with contralateral tubectomy.Conclusions:Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy requires clinical suspicion and supportive investigations like UPT, ultrasonography, β HCG and laparoscopy. It is an important cause of admission to RIMS as maternal near miss cases.Background: Ectopic pregnancy is one in which the fertilized ovum is implanted and develops outside the endometrial cavity. It is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in first trimester. The present study was conducted to study the risk factors, clinical presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy in RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand during May 2017 to September 2018. A total of 90 cases were included in the study.Results: 80% of the patients presented with amenorrhoea, 98% had abdominal pain and 69% had vaginal bleeding. Ultrasonography revealed hemoperitoneum in about 93% patients. 16 (18%) patients had history of infertility whereas 10 patients (11%) had taken treatment of infertility.6 (7%) patients had history of STD or PID.14 (16%) had undergone bilateral tubectomy.2 (2%) had history of IUCD insertion and 12 (13%) patients had undergone previously lscs. 54 patients (60%) had undergone D and C and 6 patients (7%) had a previous history of ectopic pregnancy. 68 (76%) underwent only salpingectomy.12 (13%) had salpingo-oophorectomy and 10 (11%) had salpingectomy with contralateral tubectomy.Conclusions: Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy requires clinical suspicion and supportive investigations like UPT, ultrasonography, β HCG and laparoscopy. It is an important cause of admission to RIMS as maternal near miss cases.

scholarly journals Different Sonographic Faces of Ectopic Pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charu Chanana ◽  
Nishant Gupta ◽  
Itisha Bansal ◽  
Kusum Hooda ◽  
Pranav Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Intrauterine Pregnancy ◽  
Pictorial Essay ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Vaginal bleeding in the first trimester has wide differential diagnoses, the most common being a normal early intrauterine pregnancy, with other potential causes including spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is approximately 2% of all reported pregnancies and is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide. Clinical signs and symptoms of ectopic pregnancy are often nonspecific. History of pelvic pain with bleeding and positive β-human chorionic gonadotropin should raise the possibility of ectopic pregnancy. Knowledge of the different locations of ectopic pregnancy is of utmost importance, in which ultrasound imaging plays a crucial role. This pictorial essay depicts sonographic findings and essential pitfalls in diagnosing ectopic pregnancy.

An evaluation of recurrent pregnancy loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abha Singh ◽  
Avinashi Kujur ◽  
Kalpana Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Antenatal Counseling ◽  
History Of ◽  
Immunological Factors ◽  
The Times ◽  
Loving Care

Background: This study was aimed to know the demographic profile and categorizes the causes of RPL.Methods: This observational study was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College Raipur from Nov 2015-Sept 2016. Total 100 women were evaluated with history of RPL.Results: 100 women were recruited in our study. The incidence of primary RPL was more than secondary RPL. 48 % women had first trimester abortions. The identifiable causes accounted for 53% out of which anatomical defects were the commonest .Next were endocrinal factors (20%), and Genetic factors (1%),Immunological factors 7%., Medical causes were 3%. However, 47% were unexplained.Conclusions: Despite innumerable investigations, sometimes or rather most of the times, the etiology remains obscure. It is this group of women who become a challenge to manage. Ultimately, most effective therapy for women with unexplained RPL is antenatal counseling, psychological support and tender loving care.

Urinary Chorionic Gonadotrophin Determination

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 577-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Watson
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Routine Method ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Missed Abortion ◽  
Abnormal Pregnancy ◽  
Endogenous Production ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Abstract Successful laboratory tests for early pregnancy utilize the endogenous production and excretion of chorionic gonadotrophin (CG). There is wide variation in sensitivity and specificity of various biological and commercially available immunochemical methods for determining urinary CG levels. Normal values for immunochemically reactive CG during the first trimester of pregnancy are given. Serial determinations of CG have diagnostic value in assessing various abnormal pregnancy states. An abnormally increased urinary output of CG is observed in some neoplasms—e.g., chorionepithelioma, and a rapidly rising CG level is strongly suggestive of molar pregnancy. Urinary CG levels falling below the normal range mayindicate an ectopic pregnancy or an inevitable, incomplete, or "missed" abortion. The immunochemical CG determination also offers a sensitive, simple, and convenient routine method for following patients who have been treated for hydatidiformmole or chorionepithelioma.

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