scholarly journals The Utility of Zinc Augmentation in Diabetes - A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 221-233
Author(s):  
Chidiebere V. Ugwueze ◽  
Ekenechukwu E. Young ◽  
Chidimma B. Nwatu ◽  
Belonwu M. Onyenekwe ◽  
Chinweuba M. Abonyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oxidant Effect ◽  
Micro Elements ◽  
Action Inhibition

Diabetes mellitus has sadly become a pandemic, with chronic and debilitating complications which by far are more pronounced in the developing countries of the world. Despite the availability of a wide array of anti-diabetic drugs (both oral and parenteral medications), micro-vascular and macro-vascular diabetes complications are still common. Owing to this sad reality, the place of micronutrients augmentation has come to the frontline of research in diabetes management. Zinc is one of the well-known micro-elements with diverse functions in various physiologic processes in humans. The authors reviewed the role of zinc augmentation in subjects with diabetes generally, both those with complications of diabetes and those without complications. Emphasis was also laid on the modulatory actions of zinc on various diabetes-related processes which include: its anti-oxidant effect; improvement of insulin secretion/sensitivity; increased amylin action; inhibition of gluconeogenesis and atherosclerosis. The impact of zinc supplementation on fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin and lipid indices were also detailed, while a brief overview of the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of zinc was also undertaken.

scholarly journals Assessment of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK HbA1c testing: implications for diabetes management and diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. jclinpath-2021-207776
Author(s):  
David Holland ◽  
Adrian H Heald ◽  
Mike Stedman ◽  
Fahmy Hanna ◽  
Pensee Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Suboptimal Control ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
The Impact

AimsThe COVID-19 pandemic, and the focus on mitigating its effects, has disrupted diabetes healthcare services worldwide. We aimed to quantify the effect of the pandemic on diabetes diagnosis/management, using glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) as surrogate, across six UK centres.MethodsUsing routinely collected laboratory data, we estimated the number of missed HbA1c tests for ‘diagnostic’/‘screening’/‘management’ purposes during the COVID-19 impact period (CIP; 23 March 2020 to 30 September 2020). We examined potential impact in terms of: (1) diabetes control in people with diabetes and (2) detection of new diabetes and prediabetes cases.ResultsIn April 2020, HbA1c test numbers fell by ~80%. Overall, across six centres, 369 871 tests were missed during the 6.28 months of the CIP, equivalent to >6.6 million tests nationwide. We identified 79 131 missed ‘monitoring’ tests in people with diabetes. In those 28 564 people with suboptimal control, this delayed monitoring was associated with a 2–3 mmol/mol HbA1c increase. Overall, 149 455 ‘screening’ and 141 285 ‘diagnostic’ tests were also missed. Across the UK, our findings equate to 1.41 million missed/delayed diabetes monitoring tests (including 0.51 million in people with suboptimal control), 2.67 million screening tests in high-risk groups (0.48 million within the prediabetes range) and 2.52 million tests for diagnosis (0.21 million in the pre-diabetes range; ~70 000 in the diabetes range).ConclusionsOur findings illustrate the widespread collateral impact of implementing measures to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 in people with, or being investigated for, diabetes. For people with diabetes, missed tests will result in further deterioration in diabetes control, especially in those whose HbA1c levels are already high.

Role of vitamin C transporters and biliverdin reductase in the dual pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant effect of biliary compounds on the placental-fetal unit in cholestasis during pregnancy

2008 ◽  
Vol 232 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Perez ◽  
Beatriz Castaño ◽  
Silvia Jimenez ◽  
Maria A. Serrano ◽  
Jose M. Gonzalez-Buitrago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biliverdin Reductase ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Oxidant Effect

scholarly journals The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on People with Diabetes in Indonesia: A Cross Sectional National Scale Web-Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Kshanti ◽  
Marina Epriliawati ◽  
Md Ikhsan Mokoagow ◽  
Jerry Nasarudin ◽  
Nadya Magfira
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Web Survey ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs the country with the 7th largest number of People with Diabetes (PWD) in the world, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Large Social Scale Restriction (LSSR) policy taken by the Indonesian government to reduce the number of COVID-19 transmissions is estimated to interfere diabetes management and will increase the incidence of diabetes complications. This study aims to determine the difficulties of diabetes management and its impact on diabetes morbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia.MethodologyThis study is a cross-sectional study using a national scale web survey. This research was conducted in Indonesia enrolling 1,124 PWD aged 18 years or older. Diabetes complications are defined as any incidence of hypoglycaemia, or Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU), or hospital admission experienced by PWD in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The correlation between diabetes management difficulties and diabetes-related complications was measured using a modified cox regression test.ResultsDiabetes management difficulties were experienced by 69.8% of PWD in Indonesia. The difficulties include attending diabetes consultation 30.1%, access to diabetes medication 12.4%, checking blood sugar levels 9.5%, controlling diet 23.8%, and performing regular exercise 36.5%. Diabetes-related complications occurred in 24.6% of subjects. Those who had diabetes management difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic are prone to have diabetes complications by 1.4 times greater (PR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.09-1.83) than those who did not.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic and LSSR have a substantial impact on diabetes management and indirectly increased diabetes morbidity in Indonesia.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ADJUVANT MELATONIN WITH CLOMIPHENE CITRATE ON OVULATORY AND FERTILITY RATES IN PCOS INFERTILE PATIENTS.

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
Meenal Jain ◽  
Richa Singh ◽  
Rachna Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Group A ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Group B ◽  
Oxidant Effect

AIM: To study the effect of adjuvant melatonin with clomiphene citrate on ovulution and fertility rates in infertile PCO patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 107 cases participated in the study out of which 7 women were excluded from the study. So the results of 100 women were analyzed. Out of 100 women 50 were of group A i.e. clomiphene supplemented with melatonin group and 50 were in group B which was clomiphene only group with no supplementation. Cases were followed for three cycles and pregnancy rates in both groups were evaluated. RESULTS: Study demonstrated the potential benefit of melatonin supplementation in naturally conceived cycles where ovulation induction was given by en-clomiphene citrate. The ovulation rates were comparable in both study Vs control group (68% Vs 66%) while there was increase in pregnancy rate in melatonin group (36% Vs 24%). However difference between pregnancy rates in both the groups failed to reach statistically significant levels (p value 0.4065). CONCLUSION: The adjuvant role of melatonin with en-clomiphene citrate in cases of Infertile PCO patients is in improving pregnancy rates; which is due to strong anti-oxidant effect of melatonin which in turn reduces oxidative stress thus resulting in good quality oocyte production.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D in the Clinical Course of Nasal Polyposis

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 855
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Murdaca ◽  
Francesca Paladin ◽  
Sebastiano Gangemi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Oxidant Effect

Vitamin D is a lipo-soluble hormone well known for its effects on calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. Recently, there has been growing interest in the extraskeletal effects of vitamin D. In particular, recent studies have highlighted how vitamin D plays a fundamental role in immunomodulation processes in the context of both innate and adaptive immunity, with consequent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effect in different immune-mediated pathologies, such as systemic sclerosis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and rheumatoid arthritis; as well as in various pro-inflammatory processes affecting the airways, including chronic rhinosinusitis with (CRSwNP) or without (CRSsNP) nasal polyposis. We analyze the role of vitamin D in the genesis and progression of CRSwNP/sNP and its supplementation as a safe and valid therapeutic strategy capable of improving the clinical outcome of standard therapies.

scholarly journals COX2: A Prognostic Inflammogenic Marker Drives Cervical Carcinogenesis In Vivo Through NFκB/IAP/p53Axis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Mahapatra ◽  
Souvick Biswas ◽  
Salini Das ◽  
Madhumita Roy ◽  
SUTAPA MUKHERJEE
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Cervical Carcinogenesis ◽  
Tumor Supressor ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Leukocyte Influx ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Cycloxygenase2, a prostaglandin synthesizing enzyme is a key player in inflammation-induced vasculogenesis that enables tumor growth. This study explores the central role of COX2 and its relative prosurvival proteins in evoking inflammatory events during development of an in vivo cervical cancer model upon chronic treatment with 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC; a chemical carcinogen) in virgin-female Swiss Albino mice. Chronic painting of mice cervix with 3MC solution triggered the persistent expression and activity of COX2; eventuating in overexpression of major prosurvival molecules (NFκB, XIAP, survivin, GM-CSF1) and proliferative antigens (Ki67, PCNA). COX2-arbitrated prosurvival signaling subsequently deranged the expression profiles of tumor supressor proteins (p53/Acetyl-p53, p21, Rb) within the cervix. COX2 helmed molecular alterations successively surged leukocyte influx within cervix; catering in localized inflammation which gradually distorted its tissue architecture. Cervical carcinogenesis was further braced by higher levels of systemic-ROS and RNS, escalated iNOS activity and compromised anti-oxidant enzyme capacities, which were accompanied by splenomegaly. Additionally, circulation of blood-leucocytes with damaged DNA throughout the mice body, envisaged the impact of cervix-limited inflammation upon the mice physiology. Conclusively, the present study deciphered the role of COX2 effectuated NFκB/IAP/p53 functions in sequestering the contributors of localized and systemic inflammogenesis for propelling 3MC-mediated cervical carcinogenesis in vivo.

scholarly journals Anti-ulcerogenic activity of dentatin from clausena excavata Burm.f. against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats: Possible role of mucus and anti-oxidant effect

Phytomedicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heyam Mohamed Ali Sidahmed ◽  
Jamuna Vadivelu ◽  
Mun Fai Loke ◽  
Ismail Adam Arbab ◽  
Bustamam Abdul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Ulcerogenic Activity ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Oxidant Effect

scholarly journals Comparison of fertility rates of combination of enclomiphene citrate and melatonin with fertility rates of plain enclomiphene citrate in cases of dysovulatory infertility

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Monika Singh ◽  
Shipra Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Group A ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Group B ◽  
Oxidant Effect

Background: Clomiphene citrate, a non-steroidal triphenylethylene compound, is the first line medicine used for ovulation in anovulatory women Worldwide. Objective of this study was to study fertility rates of combination of enclomiphene citrate and melatonin and compare it with fertility rates of plain enclomiphene citrate in cases of dysovulatory infertility.Methods: A total of 107 cases participated in the study out of which 7 women were excluded from the study. So, the results of 100 women were analyzed. Out of 100 women 50 were of Group A i.e., clomiphene supplemented with melatonin group and 50 were in Group B which was clomiphene only group with no supplementation. Cases were followed for three cycles and pregnancy rates in both groups were evaluated.Results: Study demonstrated the potential benefit of melatonin supplementation in naturally conceived cycles where ovulation induction was given by enclomiphene citrate. The ovulation rates were comparable in both study versus control group (68% versus 66%) while there was increase in pregnancy rate in melatonin group (36% versus 24%). However, difference between pregnancy rates in both the groups failed to reach statistically significant levels (p value 0.4065).Conclusions: The adjuvant role of melatonin with enclomiphene citrate in cases of dysovulatory infertility in improving pregnancy rates, which is due to strong anti-oxidant effect of melatonin which in turn reduces oxidative stress thus resulting in good quality oocyte production.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Diabetes Complication and Diabetes Management in People With Diabetes in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110448
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Kshanti ◽  
Marina Epriliawati ◽  
Muhammad Ikhsan Mokoagow ◽  
Jerry Nasarudin ◽  
Nadya Magfira
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Social Scale ◽  
The Impact

Aims: As the country with the seventh largest number of People with Diabetes (PWD) in the world, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and the Large Social Scale Restriction (LSSR) policy taken by the Indonesian government to reduce the number of COVID-19 transmissions is estimated to interfere diabetes management and will increase the incidence of diabetes complications. This study aims to determine the difficulties of diabetes management and its impact on diabetes morbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study using a national scale web survey. This research was conducted in Indonesia enrolling 1124 PWD aged 18 years or older. Diabetes complications are defined as self-assessed incidence of hypoglycemia, or Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU), or hospital admission experienced by PWD in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The correlation between diabetes management difficulties and diabetes-related complications was measured using a modified cox regression test. Results: Diabetes management difficulties were experienced by 69.8% of PWD in Indonesia. The difficulties include attending diabetes consultation 30.1%, access to diabetes medication 12.4%, checking blood glucose levels 9.5%, controlling diet 23.8%, and performing regular exercise 36.5%. Diabetes-related complications occurred in 24.6% of subjects. Those who had diabetes management difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic are prone to have diabetes complications by 1.4 times greater (PR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.09-1.83) than those who did not. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic and LSSR have impact on diabetes management and diabetes-related complications as assessed by PWD in Indonesia.

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