micro elements
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Author(s):  
Enita Enita ◽  
Nurhajati Hakim ◽  
Hermansah ◽  
Teguh Budi Prasetyo

Research to improve soil fertility, especially the chemical characteristics of Ultisol, has been carried out by adding compost and lime. The incubation method of soil plus compost at a dose of 0.5 kg/pot – 2 kg/pot and 1x exchanged Al lime was carried out for 2 weeks. The results of soil nutrient analysis after incubation were an increase in pH of 0.58 points, a decrease in exchanged Al to unmeasured, an increase in the C-organic content of the soil by 3.44%, an increase in the total N-value of the soil by 0.19%, an increase in the amount of soil organic matter. P-available was 5.81 ppm and exchanged K soil increased by 0.02 me/100 g soil. Likewise, the micro elements analyzed also increase. Thus there is a change in the chemical properties of the soil towards the better. The increase in nutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg clearly comes from tithonia, which is the result of decomposition of tithonia compost which is added containing high nutrients. In addition, tithonia compost produces organic acids that can dissolve previously insoluble nutrients into soluble ones. The improvement of the chemical properties of the soil towards a better direction is expected to be able to increase the growth of oil palm seedlings planted on the seedling medium growing.


Author(s):  
L. Pecherskyh

The article deals with the relevance of anti-utopian discourse in the twentieth century, which is considered a time of anti-utopian social thinking in view of historical reality. The study outlines the problems of transformation of the genre of anti-utopia in the postmodern era on the basis of the most notable research on the material of modern Ukrainian prose. It is emphasized that anti-utopia in the XXI century expands the boundaries of its existence as a literary genre, becoming a socio-cultural phenomenon of perception of reality. The list of characteristic features of the genre of literary anti-utopia is given. Based on the analysis of the novel "Radio Night" by Yu. Andrukhovych, the author finds out that this text contains features of both utopia and anti-utopia. The utopian thinking embodied in the work is based on an optimistic perception of the past, anti-utopianism is rooted in the area of doubt, which emphasizes the negative aspects of society and social consciousness as a result of the effect of dependence on previous development ("path dependence") or the effect of track, social inertia, when the negative attitudes that have been developed over the decades make positive progress impossible. It is noted in the article that the anti-utopian nature of the novel by Yu. Andrukhovych is manifested in the reflection of despair in the possibility of embodying the ideals of the Revolution of Dignity, illusory human freedom, the theme of confrontation to the digital sphere, determinism of human destiny, the modality of constant movement, the idea of an artificial man, the creation of a collective negative image of the state. It is stated that the fate of the hero is in the center of the plot, the attention is focused on the consequences of resistance to the system for the privacy of the average person. The article points out that the genre variety of the novel "Radio Night" testifies to the process of genre diffusion in the dynamics of genre transformations: elements of utopia evolve into elements of anti-utopia, micro-elements of science fiction genre are involved, which can be classified as included genre. The synthetic nature of the genre of the text by Yu. Andrukhovych is stated, a conclusion is made about the unfolding of a genre variety of escapic metautopia or postutopia in the novel.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khalilnezhad ◽  
Dak Kopec

PurposeThis study aims to assess each of the seven segments of the Akbarieh Garden as the World Heritage Cultural Landscape. First, we wanted to identify the macro elements that dominated one's perception within each area. Then, we wanted to identify the micro elements that support the vista in its entirety.Design/methodology/approachTo acquire data, we used a Participant Observer (PO) method as part of a Continuous/Stop-Motion (CSM) procedure. The identification of macro elements came from retrospective recollections derived from the continuous walk method—the stop-walk method allowed for the identification of micro elements. The data gained from this method is then used to understand how one interprets and responds to large—multi-segmented sites such as the Akbarieh Garden.FindingsThe results of this study show the Continuous/Stop-Motion method yielded predictable results with macro elements and elements of interest being easily recalled. However, the use of photographing for the stop-walk method revealed a similar focus on the macro element. We had hypothesized that the micro elements would be the elements of fascination and discovered when the person remained in the area to photograph scenes of interest. However, the PO photographed the macro elements. It wasn't until the post photo analysis that the PO identified some of the micro elements would be the elements of fascination and discovered when the person remained in the area to photograph scenes of interest. However, the PO photographed the macro elements. It wasn't until the post photo analysis that the PO identified some of the micro elements. The post photo discoveries suggest that real-time experience of micro elements is undervalued.Originality/valueThere is no general discussion on this topic yet amongst professionals. The initiative of the Participant Observer (PO) method as a tool for perception the historic gardens and landscapes identified that gap and its related necessity to provide guidance. As is true for exploratory studies, these results provide a foundation for further study. The use of the Continuous/Stop-Motion method was ideal for this study.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
Yusuf Savsatli ◽  
Arzu Karatas

Grafting method in vegetables has been used in common due to positive effects in agriculture. In this context, it is focused that the studies aimed at increasing yield and quality through grafting. This research was carried out to determine the effects of grafting bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) onto pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima). Effects of grafting on extract yield, dry matter ratio, ash, and macro and micro elemental content of the fruits and leaves of bitter gourd were determined in greenhouse conditions. Grafting significantly increased the dry matter ratio and extract yield in the bitter gourd fruits and the ash content in young, mature and old leaves. In the fruits, a positive correlation (R = 0.9264) was found only between extract yield and dry matter ratio. The main important effect of grafting in terms of macro and micro elements appeared on the fruits of bitter gourd. The accumulation of Ca2+ in the leaves increased during maturation. The positive effect of grafting in terms of Ca2+ increase in fruits was higher in unripe fruits compared to ripe fruits. In addition to obtaining more extracts from the fruits bitter gourd, the enrichment of its fruits in terms of Ca2+ and K+ and its leaves in terms of Ca2+ increases the importance of these parts in terms of human nutrition.


Author(s):  
Chidiebere V. Ugwueze ◽  
Ekenechukwu E. Young ◽  
Chidimma B. Nwatu ◽  
Belonwu M. Onyenekwe ◽  
Chinweuba M. Abonyi ◽  
...  

Diabetes mellitus has sadly become a pandemic, with chronic and debilitating complications which by far are more pronounced in the developing countries of the world. Despite the availability of a wide array of anti-diabetic drugs (both oral and parenteral medications), micro-vascular and macro-vascular diabetes complications are still common. Owing to this sad reality, the place of micronutrients augmentation has come to the frontline of research in diabetes management. Zinc is one of the well-known micro-elements with diverse functions in various physiologic processes in humans. The authors reviewed the role of zinc augmentation in subjects with diabetes generally, both those with complications of diabetes and those without complications. Emphasis was also laid on the modulatory actions of zinc on various diabetes-related processes which include: its anti-oxidant effect; improvement of insulin secretion/sensitivity; increased amylin action; inhibition of gluconeogenesis and atherosclerosis. The impact of zinc supplementation on fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin and lipid indices were also detailed, while a brief overview of the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of zinc was also undertaken.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 7010
Author(s):  
Jyoti Dhatwalia ◽  
Amita Kumari ◽  
Rachna Verma ◽  
Navneet Upadhyay ◽  
Ishita Guleria ◽  
...  

Carissa, a genus of the Apocynaceae family, consists of evergreen species, such as shrubs as well as small trees that are native to Asia, Africa, and Oceania’s subtropical and tropical regions. Most of the Carissa species are traditionally used to treat various diseases, such as chest pain, headaches, gonorrhoea, rheumatism, syphilis, oedema, rabies, stomach pain, hepatitis, cardiac diseases, and asthma. The pharmacological studies on Carissa species revealed its antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardioprotective, antipyretic, analgesic, wound healing, anticonvulsant, antiarthritic, adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities, thus validating its use in indigenous medicine systems. The review article summarised the comprehensive literature available, including morphology, indigenous uses, bioactive composition, nutraceutical, and pharmacological activities of Carissa species. A total of 155 research papers were cited in this review article. The Carissa fruits are rich in dietary fibre, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamin C, and macro- and micro-elements. A total of 121 compounds (35 polyphenols (flavonoids and phenolic acids), 30 lignans, 41 terpenoids, 7 steroids, 2 coumarins, and 6 cardiac glycosides) have been extracted from C. spinarum, C. carandas, and C. macrocarpa. Among all chemical constituents, lupeol, carissol, naringin, carisssone, scopoletin, carissaeduloside A, D, J, carandinol, sarhamnoloside, carissanol, olivil, carinol, 3β-hydroxyolean-11-en-28,13β-oilde, ursolic acid, and carissone are the key bioactive constituents responsible for pharmacological activities of genus Carissa. The gathered ethnopharmacological information in the review will help to understand the therapeutic relevance of Carissa as well as paving a way for further exploration in the discovery of novel plant-based drugs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012118
Author(s):  
Abbas Khdiar Majwel ◽  
Safa abbas ghafil Al-Khafaji

Abstract A field experiment was conducted in a greenhouse north of Babylon City, during the Autumn season 2019-2020, to study the effect of two factors, the first nano-stimulator application, and the second-factor spraying micronutrients (Zn, B, Mo) on the growth and yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgsris L). A factorial experiment was carried out using the split plots system within a randomized complete block design (RCBD), where the micronutrients (Control, Zn, B, Mo, Zn+B, Zn+Mo, B+Mo, Zn+B+Mo) were distributed in the main plots, while the nano- stimulator (sprayed with concentration 0.75 ml L-1 water) was distributed on the sub-plots. The results showed that spraying the nano-stimulator positively affected the chlorophyll, the percentage of dry matter in the leaves, the zinc content of the leaves, and the activity of the Catalase enzyme. Micronutrients were also significantly affected in all the studied indicators.


2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa M. Abdelkader ◽  
Magomed S. Gaplaev ◽  
Aslambek A. Terekbaev ◽  
Mikhail Y. Puchkov

Abstract Two biostimulants, RutfarmMaxifol (Ascophyllum nodosum extract 17.5%, amino acids, macro- and microelements, Agromaster, Russia) and Radifarm (polysaccharides, glycosides, amino acids, and micro-elements; Valagro, Italy), were applied at different concentrations on tomato plants of the hybrid cultivar ‘Merlice’, grown under a hydroponic system. Biostimulants were applied in the form of seed soaking and twice as foliar sprayings at flowering and at the initial fruit development stages. Biostimulants were applied as water solutions at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mg·L−1. Plant growth, productivity, and fruit quality parameters were determined at three points: 35, 70, and 105 days after seeding. All biostimulant treatments resulted in higher values of growth parameters and yield productivity in relation to the control. The application of biostimulants improved the parameters of the fruits’ quality by increasing the total soluble solids and antioxidants, ascorbic acid, and carotenoid contents but it did not affect tomato fruit acidity; therefore, tomato fruits from the treated plants were tastier than those from control.


2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-525
Author(s):  
B.U. Ogbu ◽  
W.I. Okonkwo ◽  
S.N. Ugwu

This study investigated a Pleurotus ostreatus production in Nsukka, Nigeria, using the locally available materials. A modified controlled environmental system capable of maintaining the micro elements (temperature and relative humidity) suitable for cultivation of oyster mushroom was developed. The system was tested using substrates of biomaterial origin (saw dust and rice bran) at different levels of treatments. The substrates used were fermented sawdust supplemented with rice bran at a spawning level of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The steps involved in the cultivation were composting, bagging, spawning, incubation and cropping the substrates. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design in five replications and results analysed at P < 0.05 significant difference. The biological efficiency was determined to establish the minimum suitable nutrient supplementation levels and the best yield of Pleurotus ostreatus. The nutritional compositions of the yield were analysed. The highest mean yield of 24.5 g of fresh mushrooms was observed with the substrate mixture T3 (15% rice bran and 85% saw dust) and lowest yield of 8.6 g observed in the T0 (without rice bran). The effects of temperature and relative humidity on growth of oyster mushroom were evaluated. The result of this study showed that small-scale, indoor oyster mushroom production appears to be economically feasible in Nsukka.


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