scholarly journals The awareness of Cervical Cancer Screening among Appalachian Women: Review Article

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Faisal Suliman Algaows ◽  
Yara Saeed Jazzar ◽  
Mohammed Hassan Almalki ◽  
Shahad Bandar Almeqbel ◽  
Raghad Abdulrahman Almughazzawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pap Tests ◽  
Public Health Departments ◽  
Appalachian Women

There is a long tradition of negative experiences with cancer among Appalachian women that manifests as avoidance behaviors in seeking screening and follow up because of fear of a cancer diagnosis. The avoidance is usually seen as ‘passive refusal,’ but also occurs in an active form as refusal to obtain services even when offered. This problem is compounded by poverty, which influences many parts of life and is associated with lack of transportation, child care, and exclusive reliance on public health departments and other safety net health care providers to seek cancer screening. Pap tests have reduced the annual incidence cervical cancers. The study aims to overview cervical cancer methods and recommendations among women in reproductive age.

scholarly journals Knowledge of HPV/cervical cancer and acceptability of HPV self-sampling among women living with HIV: A scoping review

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P.H. Wong ◽  
M. Vahabi ◽  
J. Miholjcic ◽  
V. Tan ◽  
M. Owino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pap Tests

Cervical cancer rates are disproportionately high among women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (wlhiv). Cervical cancer is preventable through hpv screening, regular Pap tests, and early cancer detection. Evidence indicates that hpv and cervical cancer screening are suboptimal among wlhiv, who face a myriad of access barriers. Considering that screening is an effective first-line defense to cervical cancer, we conducted a scoping review with the aim of gaining a better understanding about: (1) the knowledge and perceptions of hpv and cervical cancer screening among wlhiv; and (2) the acceptability of self-sampling for hpv among wlhiv. We searched five electronic databases for peer-reviewed articles that were published in English within the last ten years, reported on studies with hiv-positive women who were aged 16 or older, and satisfied the topics of the review. A total of 621 articles were found. After accounting for duplicates and unmet criteria, 17 articles and 1 abstract, reporting on studies in the United States and Africa, were included in this review. The review highlighted that most wlhiv had inadequate knowledge of hpv transmission and cervical cancer prevention, which influenced their perceptions of risk and susceptibility. Screening barriers included misconceptions about Pap tests, fear of diagnosis of serious illness, perceived pain, embarrassment, bodily modesty, and limited access to female health care providers. This review also affirms that self-sampling is an acceptable and promising screening option for wlhiv. Implications for policy, research, and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Strategies to reach marginalized women for cervical cancer screening: A qualitative study of stakeholder perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wood ◽  
A. Lofters ◽  
M. Vahabi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Primary Screening

Background Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (hpv) has the potential to reach marginalized populations that are underserved for cervical cancer screening. However, before implementing an alternative screening strategy such as self-sampling for under- and never-screened women, the key processes, facilitators, and barriers to reform need to be understood.Methods A descriptive qualitative study was conducted that involved semi-structured interviews with Canadian and international cancer screening health care providers and policy-makers. Respondents were purposively selected from a list of thirty stakeholders generated through an environmental scan. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using directed content analysis.Results Nineteen stakeholders participated in the interviews. Most respondents thought that self-sampling was an appropriate cervical screening alternative for hard-to-reach populations, as it addressed barriers to cervical screening related to various social determinants of health. All respondents emphasized that transitioning to hpv primary screening would catalyze a policy shift towards self-sampling. Clinician respondents were less enthusiastic about self-sampling strategies since that discouraged women’s appointments with primary care providers, because cervical screening offered an opportunity to discuss other preventive health topics. There also was little consensus between respondents on whether the state of evidence was satisfactory to integrate a self-sampling option into policy, or whether more Canadian research was needed.Conclusion Canadian cervical cancer screening stakeholders should collaborate to identify the knowledge gaps that researchers should address and leverage the existing literature to implement tailored, patient-centred alternative cervical screening strategies. The transition to hpv primary screening would be a key first step in the broad implementation of hpv self-sampling in Canada.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES IN CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Gregory Sakwa ◽  
Peter Bukhala ◽  
Mary Kipmerewo ◽  
Zachary Kwena
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Poor Knowledge

Purpose: Early cervical cancer screening (CCS) and treatment is effective method of controlling the disease, however its uptake is poor. Women only screen for cervical cancer when they experience symptoms or when advised by healthcare workers. Main objective of the study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of cervical cancer screening among women in Kakamega County. Methodology: The target population was 208,905 women of reproductive age residing in Kakamega County. This was a quantitative research approach utilizing descriptive study design. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Multi-stage sampling was used to select 872 women aged 25-49 from 16 community units of Kakamega County. Participants were assured of confidentiality, voluntary participation and freedom to exit the study at any point. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze knowledge and attitude levels towards cervical cancer screening. Logistic regression along with odds ratios at 95% confidence intervals was used to analyze factors affecting uptake of screening. Findings: Majority (81%) of participants had heard of cervical cancer screening mainly from media and Health Care workers. Only 16 % and 13% had good knowledge about signs of and risk factors of cervical cancer respectively. More than 78% had positive attitude towards cervical cancer screening. Less than 22% of participants had been screened for cervical cancer previously. Uptake of cervical cancer screening was low, and there was poor knowledge on aspects of cervical cancer. Poor to average knowledge is not sufficient to enable women make decisive actions on CCS. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Women should be encouraged to seek for more information about CCS through the various sources of media available to them. Healthcare providers need to be empowered further on delivering key information about CCS. The Ministry of Health should consider and strengthen alternative sources of information on CCS by use of Community Health Volunteers to complement health care providers. The government should further initiate a monitoring and evaluation program to track trends of factors barring uptake of CCS. A qualitative research need to be conducted to establish deeper factors associated with poor knowledge and uptake of CCS despite positive attitude.

scholarly journals Needs Assessment of Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening in Vietnamese American Health Care Providers

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry T. Kwon ◽  
Felicia M. Solomon ◽  
Si Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pap Tests ◽  
Vietnamese American ◽  
Vietnamese Women

Vietnamese women living in the United States have a cervical cancer incidence rate that is five times that of White women. The low rate of cervical cancer screening among this high-risk population contributes to this disparity. In 2004, the National Cancer Institute collaborated with the Vietnamese American Medical Association to conduct a short needs assessment questionnaire (Pap Test Barriers Questionnaire for Health Care Providers) among its members to assess provider views about cervical cancer, barriers to Pap testing among Vietnamese women living in the United States, and types of patient education materials needed to help motivate Vietnamese women to receive a Pap test. Information from the questionnaire was used to inform development of a brochure and identify additional strategies to enhance outreach to Vietnamese women and providers. Almost all of the respondents (95%) thought that Pap tests were “very important” in the early detection of cervical cancer in Vietnamese women. In addition, knowledge about the importance of Pap tests was identified as the most influential factor for Vietnamese women not seeking a Pap test. Print materials that included both English and Vietnamese translations in the same publication were cited as a preferred communication tool. Further, health education through Vietnamese media was recommended as a primary strategy for reaching women with educational messages. Findings from this needs assessment contributes to a larger formative research effort to build NCI’s cervical cancer education program within its Office of Education and Special Initiatives.

Self-Sampling Devices for HPV Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Clark ◽  
Jennifer Horton
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Available Information

This Horizon Scan summarized the available information regarding the use of self-sampling devices for HPV testing as part of cervical cancer screening programs. HPV testing for primary cervical cancer screening is not currently a part of any Canadian screening programs. However, several provinces are in the process of implementation and some pilot testing. Self-sampling is generally as accurate as clinician-collected sampling for HPV testing. Self-sampling devices for HPV testing could likely be used to increase participation in cervical cancer screening programs. Self-sampling for primary HPV screening was highly acceptable to study participants. Culturally appropriate care, appropriate educational materials, and providing people with choice in the screening process may contribute to increased uptake of cervical cancer screening. Health care providers identified self-sampling as an area where they might benefit from increased knowledge and training.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Perceived Risk of Cervical Cancer Among Kenyan Women: Brief Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staci L. Sudenga ◽  
Anne F. Rositch ◽  
Walter A. Otieno ◽  
Jennifer S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

ObjectivesEastern Africa has the highest incidence and mortality rates from cervical cancer worldwide. It is important to describe the differences among women and their perceived risk of cervical cancer to determine target groups to increase cervical cancer screening.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we surveyed women seeking reproductive health services in Kisumu, Kenya to assess their perceived risk of cervical cancer and risk factors influencing cervical cancer screening uptake. χ2 statistics and t tests were used to determine significant factors, which were incorporated into a logistic model to determine factors independently associated with cervical cancer risk perception.ResultsWhereas 91% of the surveyed women had heard of cancer, only 29% of the 388 surveyed women had previously heard of cervical cancer. Most had received their information from health care workers. Few women (6%) had ever been screened for cervical cancer and cited barriers such as fear, time, and lack of knowledge about cervical cancer. Nearly all previously screened women (22/24 [92%]) believed that cervical cancer was curable if detected early and that screening should be conducted annually (86%). Most women (254/388 [65%]) felt they were at risk for cervical cancer. Women with perceived risk of cervical cancer were older (odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.10), reported a history of marriage (OR, 2.08; CI, 1.00–4.30), were less likely to feel adequately informed about cervical cancer by health care providers (OR, 0.76; CI, 0.18–0.83), and more likely to intend to have cervical cancer screening in the future (OR, 10.59; CI, 3.96–28.30). Only 5% of the women reported that they would not be willing to undergo screening regardless of cost.ConclusionsCervical cancer is a major health burden for women in sub-Saharan Africa, yet only one third of the women had ever heard of cervical cancer in Kisumu, Kenya. Understanding factors associated with women’s perceived risk of cervical cancer could guide future educational and clinical interventions to increase cervical cancer screening.

scholarly journals Enacting power and constructing gender in cervical cancer screening encounters between transmasculine patients and health care providers

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1315-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Peitzmeier ◽  
Ida M. Bernstein ◽  
Michal J. McDowell ◽  
Dana J. Pardee ◽  
Madina Agénor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare providers on cervical cancer, human papilloma virus and it’s vaccine at ESI PGIMSR, MGM Hospital Parel Mumbai, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3855
Author(s):  
Jaya K. Gedam ◽  
Disha A. Rajput
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Route Of Transmission

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of cancer in females Worldwide and nearly 85% of the cervical cancer cases are diagnosed in developing countries. The health care providers can play an important role in promoting cervical cancer screening and knowledge about HPV vaccination. So this study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination and to analyze the factors influencing the knowledge about HPV vaccination, among nursing staff.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 143 nurses and 75nursing students (total 218) at ESIPGIMSR MGM Hospital, Parel Mumbai. Data was collected using Questionnaire, designed based on the study objectives.Results: 73 (33.49%) of the nurses did received education on cervical cancer and HPV in the past. Most of the nurses, 184 (84.4%) considered that they were at no risk of cervical cancer. 143 (65.60%) nurses knew that Pap smear can be done to screen patients. Out of 141 married nurses, only 39 (27.28%) regularly had a gynaecological examination and 105 (74.47%) had never done Pap smear. In addition, 119 (54.59%) participants did not know at what age Pap smear should commence. Only 73 (33.49%) nurses knew about the route of transmission of HPV and 57 (26.15%) knew about HPV vaccine. 215 (98.62%) nurses did not receive an HPV vaccine.Conclusions: The nurses and nursing students did not have prior adequate education on cervical cancer, HPV, and vaccine and the desired level of knowledge on risk factors and signs of cervical cancer and prevention of the disease.

scholarly journals Awareness and practices of cervical cancer screening among women in Rajnandgaon district, central India: health education is the need of the hour

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1266
Author(s):  
Meena Armo ◽  
Vimal Khunte ◽  
Siddhi Sainik ◽  
Rohini Kanniga G. ◽  
Nandani Jatwar
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Effective Measure

Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among rural women in India. Early screening has been shown to be the most effective measure to prevent the disease. However, lack of awareness, lack of infrastructure, social stigma and fear are barriers to cervical cancer screening. The study was undertaken to assess the knowledge and practice among rural women regarding cervical cancer and screening tests with the aim of helping health professionals to revise policies and practices.Methods: It was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study, conducted from January 2018 to September 2018 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Government Medical College Rajnandgaon. A tertiary care hospital located in the southwest Chhattisgarh. A total of 506 women aged 21-65 years were included and assessed. Qualitative data were presented as frequencies and percentages by using SPSS version 21.Results: Of the total 506 respondents, 15.41 % had heard of cervical cancer, while 8.1% about cervical cancer screening. Unfortunately, only 1.2% women were ever been screened by Pap test. Although importance of screening had been thoroughly explained to the respondents, despite the fact only 57.1% showed willingness to undergo cervical cancer screening in the future. However, 63.9%women having gynecological complains were significantly associated with better attitude towards future cervical cancer screening than women without having gynaecological complains.Conclusions: Awareness and practice of the screening for cervical cancer was very poor in the rural population as well as in health care providers. Hence intensive health education is the need of the hour to change the scenario.

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