scholarly journals Anticancer Activity of "Ziziphus jujuba" - A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-269
Author(s):  
U. Vidhya Rekha ◽  
S. Bhuminathan ◽  
P. Ravi Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Anticancer Efficacy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Z. jujube) is a conventional plant that has a long history of usage in nutrients and the therapeutic interventions of a wide range of ailments. It grows mainly in South and East Asia, and also in Australia and Europe. Mounting data supports the health advantages of Z. jujuba, including anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, antioxidant, and hepato- and gastrointestinal protective characteristics. Chemotherapy, particularly with cis-diamminedichloroplatinium (CDDP, cisplatin) and its derivatives, is commonly used to treat cancer. Although it is an effective therapy for human tumors, drug resistance impedes successful treatment. A better knowledge of the processes and develop strategies to address chemoresistance can improve patient outcomes dramatically. Numerous researchers have recently focused their attention on the increasing occurrence of numerous types of malignancies worldwide. The anticancer efficacy of Z. jujuba was discussed in this review study.

scholarly journals Cochlear Implant Research and Development in the Twenty-first Century: A Critical Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-508
Author(s):  
Robert P. Carlyon ◽  
Tobias Goehring
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Directional Microphones ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
Improve Patient

AbstractCochlear implants (CIs) are the world’s most successful sensory prosthesis and have been the subject of intense research and development in recent decades. We critically review the progress in CI research, and its success in improving patient outcomes, from the turn of the century to the present day. The review focuses on the processing, stimulation, and audiological methods that have been used to try to improve speech perception by human CI listeners, and on fundamental new insights in the response of the auditory system to electrical stimulation. The introduction of directional microphones and of new noise reduction and pre-processing algorithms has produced robust and sometimes substantial improvements. Novel speech-processing algorithms, the use of current-focusing methods, and individualised (patient-by-patient) deactivation of subsets of electrodes have produced more modest improvements. We argue that incremental advances have and will continue to be made, that collectively these may substantially improve patient outcomes, but that the modest size of each individual advance will require greater attention to experimental design and power. We also briefly discuss the potential and limitations of promising technologies that are currently being developed in animal models, and suggest strategies for researchers to collectively maximise the potential of CIs to improve hearing in a wide range of listening situations.

scholarly journals von Hippel-Lindau Disease: an Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eamonn R Maher ◽  
Richard N Sandford
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Von Hippel Lindau ◽  
Functional Characterisation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vhl Protein ◽  
Von Hippel Lindau Disease ◽  
Vhl Disease ◽  
Improve Patient

Abstract Purpose of Review In this review, we discuss the key molecular and clinical developments in VHL disease that have the potential to impact on the natural history of the disease and improve patient outcomes. Recent Findings Identifiable mutations in VHL underlie most cases of VHL and define clear genotype-phenotype correlations. Detailed clinical and molecular characterisation has allowed the implementation of lifelong screening programmes that have improved clinical outcomes. Functional characterisation of the VHL protein complex has revealed its role in oxygen sensing and the mechanisms of tumourigenesis that are now being exploited to develop novel therapies for VHL and renal cancer. Summary The molecular and cellular landscape of VHL-associated tumours is revealing new opportunities to modify the natural history of the disease and develop therapies. Drugs are now entering clinical trials and combined with improved clinical and molecular diagnosis, and lifelong surveillance programmes, further progress towards reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with VHL disease is anticipated.

scholarly journals Cefixime and Metals Complex Interaction: A systemic review on Drug-metals interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Md. Shahidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Therapeutic Class ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Review Study

The review study work comprises of interaction studies of cefixime with different group of drugs and metals to know about the alteration in pharmacological activity of cefixime by other drugs or vice versa. Cefixime is included among the cephalosporin third generation drug class which is active against a wide range of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Since the presence of different therapeutic class of drugs like cefixime may affect the bioavailability as well as pharmacokinetics of other drugs and metal in the blood or tissues, therefore in order to study the potential interaction of cefixime with different therapeutic class of drugs and metals which can show several type of toxicity or may develop drug resistance in the body is the main reason to perform this study. About 102 articles were screened from different databases related to Cefixime and its interaction for this review. This review study claims that there is a possible interaction between cefixime and other drugs& metals which are confirmed by different method like GLC, HPLC, and Disk Diffusion Method. Drug resistance and unwanted adverse drug reactions are a common thing for different underlying factors which becomes an alarming issue. That’s why this is significant.

scholarly journals Morel-Lavallée lesion of the anterior leg: a rare anatomical presentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e233295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Ramaseshan ◽  
Laura D Bauler ◽  
Joshua Mastenbrook
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Deep Fascia ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Rare Injury ◽  
Blunt Force Trauma ◽  
History Of ◽  
Improve Patient

A Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) is a rare injury caused by blunt force trauma causing separation of subcutaneous tissue from the deep fascia. It is frequently seen in orthopaedic cases involving fractures of the hip or pelvis but is rare in the lower leg. The rarity of this condition often leads to misdiagnosis. A 66-year-old man presented to the emergency department after a 300-pound safe sheered across his left anterolateral leg causing skin avulsion, tenderness, swelling, ecchymosis, and erythema. The patient was treated for suspected cellulitis with oral antibiotics, but the lesion evolved into a necrotic eschar necessitating surgical intervention. In hindsight, MLL is a more appropriate diagnosis based on injury mechanism, disease progression and intraoperative findings. A history of shearing trauma with diffuse ecchymosis and erythema should prompt consideration of MLL. Due to rampant misdiagnosis, this case aims to increase awareness, as early diagnosis of MLL will improve patient outcomes.

Implementing Interprofessional Collaboration to Improve Patient Outcomes: A Caring and Social Approach to Integrated Nurse-Led Community Based-Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Eugenia Millender ◽  
Kathleen Valentine ◽  
Terry Eggenberger ◽  
Cristina Lucier ◽  
Heather Sandala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Model Of Care ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Improve Patient

Nurses have a history of providing compassionate care while caring for patients living with co-occurring medical and mental conditions. Therefore, it is reasonable to develop and implement nurse-led interprofessional (IP) models of care to address chronic illness. A nurse-led IP model of care was evaluated utilizing three selected patient outcomes. Results revealed an increase in mental health stability and access to care and successful completion of a treatment plan. Integrating caring theory and practice with social determinants of health and nurse-led IP models of care is a valuable approach to improving patient outcomes and addressing health disparity.

scholarly journals Hyperlipidemia and the Role of Blood Lipids According to Iranian Traditional Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Alireza Niknafs ◽  
◽  
Mohamad Reza Rezvanfar ◽  
Mehdi Salehi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Compensatory Response ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Iranian Traditional Medicine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Natural Remedies ◽  
Review Study

Objective: The first and most common cause of death in the world is due to cardiovascular diseases, and hyperlipidemia is one of the important and a critical controllable risk factors for these diseases. The connection between fat metabolism and a wide range of diseases, side effects of chemical drugs, and the increasing attention to the use of natural remedies reveal the necessity of further attention to the viewpoints of other schools of medicine, including complementary medicine. This review study aims to interpret hyperlipidemia from the perspective of Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM). Methods: This is review study conducted based on a library method using the keywords related to hyperlipidemia to collect data through searching in online databases and ITM books. The data were analyzed based on the content analysis method. Results: Hyperlipidemia is mainly diagnosed by laboratory findings and often have no clear clinical symptoms. According to ITM, for diagnosing hyperlipidemia, attention should be paid to the role of liver, heart, and stomach along with the health principles and quadruple digestion. Conclusion: Hyperlipidemia is a condition that can be either pathological or physiological. According to ITM, it occurs due to the imbalance of humors inside the arteries and leads to higher blood concentration and. In some cases, it can be due to a disease and in some cases, it can be caused by the body’s compensatory response. Paying attention to the views of ITM can be effective in preventing disease and improving therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Current Knowledge on Snake Dry Bites

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela B. Pucca ◽  
Cecilie Knudsen ◽  
Isadora S. Oliveira ◽  
Charlotte Rimbault ◽  
Felipe A. Cerni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Knowledge ◽  
Snake Species ◽  
Therapeutic Protocol ◽  
History Of ◽  
Improve Patient

Snake ‘dry bites’ are characterized by the absence of venom being injected into the victim during a snakebite incident. The dry bite mechanism and diagnosis are quite complex, and the lack of envenoming symptoms in these cases may be misinterpreted as a miraculous treatment or as proof that the bite from the perpetrating snake species is rather harmless. The circumstances of dry bites and their clinical diagnosis are not well-explored in the literature, which may lead to ambiguity amongst treating personnel about whether antivenom is indicated or not. Here, the epidemiology and recorded history of dry bites are reviewed, and the clinical knowledge on the dry bite phenomenon is presented and discussed. Finally, this review proposes a diagnostic and therapeutic protocol to assist medical care after snake dry bites, aiming to improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Fulminant Emphysematous Hepatitis – A Rare Cause of Septic Shock

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonçalo Miranda ◽  
Ana Catarina Dionísio ◽  
Constança Azevedo ◽  
Eduardo Carvalho ◽  
Miguel Semião ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Hepatic Parenchyma ◽  
Aggressive Management ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Improve Patient

Emphysematous hepatitis is a rare entity characterized by the replacement of hepatic parenchyma by gas, leading to acute liver failure. Often it occurs in patients with diabetes mellitus, liver disease or a recent history of abdominal surgery. We present a case of emphysematous hepatitis in a 74-year-old man with no recognizable risk factors. Despite the early broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy and supportive care, the condition progressed to a fatal outcome, as seen in other case reports. Early recognition of this condition and rapid and aggressive management may improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Cochlear implant research and development in the 21st century: A critical update

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Carlyon ◽  
Tobias Goehring
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Directional Microphones ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
Improve Patient

Cochlear implants (CIs) are the world’s most successful sensory prosthesis and have been the subject of intense research and development in recent decades. We critically review the progress in CI research, and its success in improving patient outcomes, from the turn of the century to the present day. The introduction of directional microphones and of new noise-reduction and pre-processing algorithms have produced robust and sometimes substantial improvements. Improvements from novel speech-processing algorithms, the use of current-focussing methods, and individualised (patient-by-patient) de-activation of subsets of electrodes have been identified but have been more modest. We argue that incremental advances have and will continue to be made, that collectively these may substantially improve patient outcomes, but that the modest size of each individual advance will require greater attention to experimental design and power. We also briefly discuss the potential and limitations of revolutionary technologies, and suggest strategies for researchers to collectively maximise the potential of CIs to improve hearing in a wide range of listening situations.

scholarly journals Human KIT+ myeloid cells facilitate visceral metastasis by melanoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 218 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun I. Yu ◽  
Jan Martinek ◽  
Te-Chia Wu ◽  
Kyung In Kim ◽  
Joshy George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Myeloid Cells ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Visceral Metastasis ◽  
Improve Patient

Metastasis of melanoma significantly worsens prognosis; thus, therapeutic interventions that prevent metastasis could improve patient outcomes. Here, we show using humanized mice that colonization of distant visceral organs with melanoma is dependent upon a human CD33+CD11b+CD117+ progenitor cell subset comprising <4% of the human CD45+ leukocytes. Metastatic tumor-infiltrating CD33+ cells from patients and humanized (h)NSG-SGM3 mice showed converging transcriptional profiles. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis identified a gene signature of a KIT/CD117–expressing CD33+ subset that correlated with decreased overall survival in a TCGA melanoma cohort. Thus, human CD33+CD11b+CD117+ myeloid cells represent a novel candidate biomarker as well as a therapeutic target for metastatic melanoma.

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