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1966 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morrough P. O'Brien

Coastal engineering is one of the many inter-disciplinary fields of professional study and practice which has appeared in recent years on the periphery of the traditional fields; civil engineers, oceanographers, mathematicians, physicists, statisticians, petroleum production engineers and many others participate to some degree in this field which has as its common denominator the phenomena and the physical design problems of the zone where land and ocean meet. The Coastal Engineering Council, formerly the Council on Wave Research of the Engineering Foundation, was organized to promote research and to provide a medium of communication among workers in the field. It became evident after the first conference at Long Beach in 1950 that research in progress was extensive and reasonably well-supported and that the most effective function of the Council would be to sponsor occasional conferences in countries active in coastal studies. The proceedings of these conferences, ably edited by our Secretary, Professor J. W. Johnson, form an encyclopedia of theory, laboratory studies, field observations, design methods, case histories in coastal morphology, and in the lore and knowledge characteristic of an active phase of engineering practice, in which judgment based upon experience plays as large a role in design as theory. All of us who practice in this area owe Professor Johnson much gratitude for his incisive editorial work and his skillful financial management which has made these proceedings so readily available.

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 0 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Johnson

The Conference on Coastal Engineering at Long Beach was conceived originally as a local meeting of engineers and scientists interested in shoreline problems and was sponsored by the University of California. It early became evident that there was widespread interest in the subject and that the program should be planned on a more ambitious scale. The aim was to aid engineers by summarizing the present state of the art and science related to the design and planning of coastal works rather than to present a series of original scientific contributions. Starting from a rather comprehensive outline, invitations were issued to recognized authorities to report on specific phases of the subject, and the authors cooperated splendidly both in their treatment of the subjects assigned and in their avoidance of overlapping other subjects. Although much remains to be done in the way of developing reliable design methods, the series of papers presented at the conference and published in this volume do represent a rather thorough summary of coastal engineering as now practiced. Engineers engaged in the design of coastal works have had available to them a large number of papers dealing with various phases of the science related to their problems, but proper dealing with design were limited in number and scope. Only a few books on coastal engineering have been published. The quality and scope of the papers and the need for a comprehensive and modern treatment of the subject convinced the sponsors of the conference that publication in a single volume was desirable rather than piecemeal in the scientific and technical journals. The newly-formed Council on Wave Research secured funds to underwrite the publication costs from its parent organization, the Engineering Foundation. A word about the term "Coastal Engineering" is perhaps in order here. It is not a new or separate branch of engineering and there is no implication intended that a new breed of engineer, and a new society, is in the making. Coastal Engineering is primarily a branch of Civil Engineering which leans heavily on the sciences of oceanography, meteorology, fluid mechanics, electronics, structural mechanics, and others. However, it is also true that the design of coastal works does involve many criteria which are foreign to other phases of civil engineering and the novices in this field should proceed with caution. Along the coastlines of the world, numerous engineering works in various stages of disintegration testify to the futility and wastefulness of disregarding the tremendous destructive forces of the sea. Far worse than the destruction of insubstantial coastal works has been the damage to adjacent shorelines caused by structures planned in ignorance of, and occasionally in disregard of, the shoreline processes operative in the area. The Council on Wave Research takes this opportunity to thank the authors of the papers and the many others who assisted in organization of the conference and in the preparation of this volume for publication.


Author(s):  
Douglas L. Inman ◽  
Scott A. Jenkins ◽  
M. Hany S. Elwany

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
J. W. Johnson

For the information of those attending their first Congress on Coastal Engineering, I should explain briefly the functions and organization of the Council on Wave Research. The first of these Congresses was held in Long Beach, California, in 1950 under the auspices of the University of California. There was at that time no permanent organization with the responsibility for focusing attention on this area of scientific and technical work or for arranging subsequent meetings. At the suggestion of the late Professor Boris A. Bakhmeteff, the Engineering Foundation, an agency of the American engineering societies, formed the Council on Wave Research to promote research in the sciences related to coastal engineering and to hold occasional congresses and conferences for the purpose of making the results of both scientific research and professional experience available to practicing engineers .


2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 787-808
Author(s):  
Delali Amuzu

Contemporary higher education in Ghana and many parts of Africa has European colonial antecedents. In spite of the many goals that it aspired to achieve, a preoccupation was to nurture an elite group. Though widely used, the concept of elite and elitism is vague and hardly conceptualized. It hoovers from status—occupants of the apex or top echelons of an organization/society, to consumption—people with immense wealth. Influence, on the other hand, seems to be a common denominator in both cases. But, does this capture the scope of the phenomenon? This article engages people who have worked in different capacities in Ghana’s higher education space to examine the deeper meanings that could be embedded in elitism, elicits conceptualizations of elitism, and further finds out how elitist higher education is in Ghana. Ultimately, the article intends to initiate a conversation on whether indeed there are elites being produced from the university system. This study was done with reference to an empirical study on decolonizing higher education in Ghana.


Author(s):  
Iñigo J. Losada ◽  
Paula Camus ◽  
Alexandra Toimil ◽  
Antonio Espejo ◽  
Cristina Izaguirre

Coastal engineers play a leading role in assessing climate change impacts in coastal and low-lying areas and in the design and implementation of adaptation solutions to build resilient coastal systems. Given the continuous growth of coastal communities and assets along the world coastlines, the need to protect and preserve natural and socioeconomic coastal systems and the escalating impacts of climate change (Wong et al. 2014), there is an urgent demand by decision makers for coastal engineering practice dealing with risk assessment and adaptation under high levels of uncertainty.


Slavic Review ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Geraci

In the many works published on the imperial dimension of Russian history during the past decade, it is often the mechanical or “nuts and bolts” aspects of the empire's administration that are least discussed. So it is impressive to see two articles with a common focus on a practical institution—the Resettlement Administration—both of which argue for a strong connection between technical expertise and a colonial style of rule in the eastern Eurasian steppe and borderlands. But in spite of this common denominator, Willard Sunderland's and Peter Holquist's pieces could not be more different, in part because they approach the matter from opposite directions: Sunderland from a broad discussion of colonialism, Holquist from an analysis of a specific field of expertise.


Author(s):  
SANDRO BOLOGNA ◽  
TERJE SIVERTSEN ◽  
HEIKKI VÄLISUO

Knowledge based systems are often used to replace humans in solving problems for which only heuristic knowledge on the solution is available. However, there are also important application areas where nonheuristic knowledge is available e.g. in technical documents but where efficient use of the knowledge is impossible without the techniques provided by artificial intelligence. High dependability of these kinds of applications can be achieved if domain knowledge can be represented in a language providing both adequate representational constructs and the required level of formality. In addition, the language should be supported by powerful tools assisting in the verification process. Knowledge Based Systems, despite the different technology employed, are still nothing more than a computer program. Unfortunately, quite a few people building knowledge based systems seem to ignore the many good programming practices that have evolved over the years for producing traditional computer programs. What we need is a framework for the modelling of the KBSs development. In our work, it is claimed that these requirements can be met by utilizing and combining ideas from control engineering, software engineering and artificial intelligence.


2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane McKee Smith

*** Available Only Through World Scientific *** http://www.worldscibooks.com/engineering/5165.html This book contains more than 300 papers presented at the 28th International Conference on Coastal Engineering, held in Cardiff, Wales, in July 2002. It is divided into five parts: coastal waves; nearshore currents, swash, and long waves; coastal structures; sediment transport; and coastal morphology, beach nourishment, and coastal management. The papers cover a broad range of topics, including theory, numerical and physical modeling, field measurements, case studies, design, and management. Coastal Engineering 2002 provides engineers, scientists, and planners with state-of-the-art information on coastal engineering and coastal processes.


2014 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Souček

From the earliest times of human history are used portable light sources. First advanced devices were torches and candles, and then human population started using kerosene lamps and other more sophisticated portable light sources based on biology or electricity. Light source based on a chemical reaction has one common denominator and that is the release of fumes while fuel combustion. In these cases, it is the source of its own, which is referred to such bodies or substances in which structure is formed light. Nowadays, historically valuable buildings more often server different purpose than they were originally built. This change in use can lead to a significant influence on historical building and its life span. One of the many factors negatively affecting the life of monuments are fumes from candle combustion. Massive use of candles releases toxic substances into the environment, which in high concentrations can affect human health and can also damage due to chemical reactions historically valuable monuments


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