Tapas Acupressure Technique (TAT) for Reducing Stress and Increasing Self-Esteem: A Self-Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Josette Marie Steel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Energy Psychology ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Self Worth

Abstract: While there is a great deal of research into various Energy Psychology (EP) methods, the subjective experience of the client has not yet been investigated. In this self-study, the Tapas Acupressure Technique (TAT) Protocol for Stressful Events was used for 10 sessions over a period of 3 weeks to explore whether TAT would be an effective tool for managing stress and increasing feelings of self-worth. The Sorensen Self-Esteem Test was used as a baseline self-esteem pre and post test to measure self-worth and positive and negative emotional states. A list of 10 free association words was collected before and after each treatment session and at the end of the treatment period. Quantitative analysis showed an increase in overall sense of self-worth and an increase in positive states. Negative and positive states varied throughout the treatment period while self-worth increased, suggesting that TAT enabled increased emotional self-regulation when dealing with stressful situations. Scores on the Sorensen Self-Esteem Test improved by 28% on follow-up. A qualitative analysis of the free association words suggests an increase in feelings of balance and calm and a decrease in negative self-image. Keywords: TAT, Tapas Acupressure Technique, energy psychology, protocol for stressful events, self-esteem, Sorensen Self-Esteem Test, stress management, stress reduction

The Pursuit of Self-Esteem: Contingencies of Self-Worth and Self-Regulation

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1749-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Crocker ◽  
Amara T. Brook ◽  
Yu Niiya ◽  
Mark Villacorta
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Worth

Obsessions and Phobias

2018 ◽  
pp. 576-583
Author(s):  
Claire Ahern ◽  
Daniel B. Fassnacht ◽  
Michael Kyrios
Keyword(s):  
Social Phobia ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Moral Self ◽  
Self Worth

This article examines the phenomenology of two unwanted intrusive experiences—phobias and obsessions. The article begins with two common examples of phobia, social phobia and agoraphobia, characterised by the experience of fear; an intense concentration of anxiety to specific situations or stimuli. This anxiety creates intense feelings of vulnerability in one’s environment, and overwhelming urges to avoid specific stressful situations. While anxiety is only one of various emotional states associated with obsessions, an inflated sense of responsibility and pathological doubt, particularly about moral self-worth, are also central features in the experience of obsessions. This subjective experience provokes unease in one’s self-world interactions, leading to an intense quest for certainty and perfection, propelling individuals into compulsive responses and magnification of obsessions. While phobias and obsessions are considered typical of human experience, the intrapersonal management of these phenomena leads to persistence and magnification of distress, intrusiveness of symptoms and dysfuntion.

Contingencies of Self-Worth

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Crocker ◽  
Katherine M. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Psychological Vulnerability ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Learning Relationships

We argue that the importance of self-esteem lies in what people believe they need to be or do to have worth as a person. These contingencies of self-worth are both sources of motivation and areas of psychological vulnerability. In domains of contingent self-worth, people pursue self-esteem by attempting to validate their abilities and qualities. This pursuit of self-esteem, we argue, has costs to learning, relationships, autonomy, self-regulation, and mental and physical health. We suggest alternatives to this costly pursuit of self-esteem.

Varieties of the Self From Self-Esteem to Self-Control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pettit
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
Keynesian Model ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
The Individual

Various self-concepts constitute major keywords in both psychological science and liberal political discourse. They have been central to psychology’s public-facing, policy-oriented role in the United States, dating back to the mid-19th century. Psychologists’ articulations of self-concept include an understanding of the individual, society, and the interventions needed to augment them both. Psychologists’ early enthusiasm for self-esteem has given way to competing concepts of the individual, namely self-regulation and self-control. Self-esteem in a modern sense coalesced out of the deprivation of the Great Depression and the political crises it provoked. The fate of self-esteem became tied to the capacities of the liberal welfare state to improve the psychic capacities of its citizens, in order to render them both more equal under the law and more productive in their daily existence. Western democracies, especially the United States, hit peak self-esteem in early 1990s. Since then, psychologists lost faith in the capacity of giving away self-worth to improve society. Instead, psychologists in the 21st century preached a neo-Victorian gospel of self-reliance. At the very historical juncture when social mobility became more difficult, when inherited social inequality became more entrenched, psychologists abandoned their Keynesian model of human capital and embraced its neoliberal counterpart.

Train in Vain: The Role of the Self in Claimed Self-Handicapping Strategies

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Finez ◽  
David K. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
The Relationship

Two field studies investigate the role of self in the tendency of athletes to engage in claimed handicapping strategies during training (anticipatively claiming that handicaps may interfere with their performance). Study 1 tested the relationship between trait self-esteem and athletes’ engagement in claimed self-handicapping. As hypothesized, low physical self-esteem athletes claimed more handicaps than high physical self-esteem athletes. For stronger evidence for the causal role of the self, Study 2 tested whether securing athletes’ self-worth through self-affirmation would lead to decreased claimed self-handicapping by using a mixed model design that allows for both between-subjects (affirmation vs. control condition) and within-subject comparisons (before vs. after self-affirmation intervention). Self-affirmed athletes had decreased levels of claimed self-handicapping. Studies 1 and 2 also demonstrate that athletes engage in claimed self-handicapping during training, which could have deleterious effects on subsequent performance. Discussion centers on theoretical implications and applications for coaches, sport teachers, and sport psychologists.

Counseling Adolescents With Hearing Loss Using a Narrative Therapy Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Nelson Crowell ◽  
Julie Hanenburg ◽  
Amy Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Narrative Therapy ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Therapy Approach ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Counseling Adolescents

Abstract Audiologists have a responsibility to counsel patients with auditory concerns on methods to manage the inherent challenges associated with hearing loss at every point in the process: evaluation, hearing aid fitting, and follow-up visits. Adolescents with hearing loss struggle with the typical developmental challenges along with communicative challenges that can erode one's self-esteem and self-worth. The feeling of “not being connected” to peers can result in feelings of isolation and depression. This article advocates the use of a Narrative Therapy approach to counseling adolescents with hearing loss. Adolescents with hearing loss often have problem-saturated narratives regarding various components of their daily life, friendships, amplification, academics, etc. Audiologists can work with adolescents with hearing loss to deconstruct the problem-saturated narratives and rebuild the narratives into a more empowering message. As the adolescent retells their positive narrative, they are likely to experience increased self-esteem and self-worth.

Cross-Lagged Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Self-Construal, and Happiness in a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Daniela Moza ◽  
Laurențiu Maricuțoiu ◽  
Alin Gavreliuc
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Independent Person

Abstract. Previous research established that an independent construal of the self is associated with higher self-esteem, which, in turn, is associated with increased happiness. Regarding the directionality of these relationships, theoretical arguments have suggested that self-construal precedes self-esteem and that self-esteem precedes happiness. However, most research in this area is cross-sectional, thus limiting any conclusions about directionality. The present study tested these relationships in 101 Romanian undergraduates using a 3-wave cross-lagged design with a 6-month time lag between every two waves. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that self-esteem is an antecedent of both happiness and dimensions of independent self-construal (i.e., consistency vs. variability and self-expression vs. harmony). In other words, one’s positive evaluation of self-worth precedes one’s self-perception as being a happy and independent person. The findings are discussed with respect to the theoretical and practical implications, along with limitations and suggestions for future research.

Subjective factors affecting gun shooting accuracy among employees of internal affairs agencies in process of learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-206
Author(s):  
Anton Rozhkov ◽  
Anton Popov ◽  
Vitaliy Balahonskiy
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Sensorimotor Coordination ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Intelligent Behavior ◽  
Experience Of Stress ◽  
Firing Line ◽  
High Level ◽  
In Fire

The article is devoted to the study of subjective factors affecting shooting accuracy of law enforcement officers. The empirical study identified some subjective factors reducing gun shooting accuracy and effectiveness among law enforcers. These characteristics include sensorimotor coordination and subjective experience of stress during the shooting process. Scientific analysis made it possible to determine statistical significance of the influence of these factors on the accuracy of shooting. To increase the effectiveness of shooting among officers with a low index of sensorimotor coordination, the authors suggest using exercises aimed at cultivating sensorimotor coordination in fire training classes. While working with employees being under a high level of subjectively experienced stress, more attention should be paid to training techniques to overcome stress and form intelligent behavior in extreme situations. The authors also draw readers’ attention to factors increasing the effectiveness of shooting: officers’ ability to determine the subjective level of stress, their knowledge of emotional self-regulation techniques, knowledge of the sequence of their actions in the firing line.

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