Correction to: Reduced-form mechanism design and ex post fairness constraints

A Correction to this paper has been published: 10.1007/s40505-021-00211-1

Reduced-form mechanism design and ex post fairness constraints

This paper incorporates fairness constraints into the classic single-unit reduced-form implementation problem (Border in Economet J Econ Soc, 59(4):1175–1187, 1991, Econ Theory 31(1):167–181, 2007; Che et al. in Econometrica 81(6): 2487–2520, 2013; Manelli and Vincent in Econometrica, 78(6):1905–1938, 2010) with two agents. To do so, I use a new approach that utilizes the results from Kellerer (Math Ann 144(4):323–344, 1961) and Gutmann et al. (Ann Prob 19:1781–1797, 1991). Under realistic assumptions on the constraints, the conditions are transparent and can be verified in polynomial time.

Driver Surge Pricing

Ride-hailing marketplaces like Uber and Lyft use dynamic pricing, often called surge, to balance the supply of available drivers with the demand for rides. We study driver-side payment mechanisms for such marketplaces, presenting the theoretical foundation that has informed the design of Uber’s new additive driver surge mechanism. We present a dynamic stochastic model to capture the impact of surge pricing on driver earnings and their strategies to maximize such earnings. In this setting, some time periods (surge) are more valuable than others (nonsurge), and therefore trips of different time lengths vary in the induced driver opportunity cost. First, we show that multiplicative surge, historically the standard on ride-hailing platforms, is not incentive compatible in a dynamic setting. We then propose a structured, incentive-compatible pricing mechanism. This closed-form mechanism has a simple form and is well approximated by Uber’s new additive surge mechanism. Finally, through both numerical analysis and real data from a ride-hailing marketplace, we show that additive surge is more incentive compatible in practice than is multiplicative surge. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, revenue management and market analytics.

Credible Auctions: A Trilemma

Consider an extensive‐form mechanism, run by an auctioneer who communicates sequentially and privately with bidders. Suppose the auctioneer can deviate from the rules provided that no single bidder detects the deviation. A mechanism is credible if it is incentive‐compatible for the auctioneer to follow the rules. We study the optimal auctions in which only winners pay, under symmetric independent private values. The first‐price auction is the unique credible static mechanism. The ascending auction is the unique credible strategy‐proof mechanism.

STATE CUSTOMERS’ PROCUREMENT ACTIVITY RATING EVALUATION SYSTEM OF VORONEZH REGION

In conditions of regional segment development of procurement contract system monitoring of procurement process and digitalization of the efficiency of each single customer as an element of a holistic system become very relevant. Complex method of Russian subjects’ state customers’ procurement activity evaluation allows to form mechanism reliable management decision making of procurement process enhancement and leveling of difficulties arose at different stages of the state needs meeting. In the Voronezh region procurement monitoring is carried out through the state customers’ procurement activity rating evaluation system which has proven its effectiveness during several years and included in the advanced practices registry of legislation implementation in procurement area of Guild of domestic customers and procurement and sales specialists.

Subgame-Perfect Implementation Under Information Perturbations*

We consider the robustness of extensive form mechanisms to deviations from common knowledge about the state of nature, which we refer to as information perturbations . First, we show that even under arbitrarily small information perturbations the Moore-Repullo mechanism does not yield (even approximately) truthful revelation and that in addition the mechanism has sequential equilibria with undesirable outcomes. More generally, we prove that any extensive form mechanism is fragile in the sense that if a non-Maskin monotonic social objective can be implemented with this mechanism, then there are arbitrarily small information perturbations under which an undesirable sequential equilibrium also exists. Finally, we argue that outside options can help improve efficiency in asymmetric information environments, and that these options can be thought of as reflecting ownership of an asset.

Experiment on Non-Uniformity of Material Removal on Wafer Surface in Wafer CMP

In the manufacturing process of ultra large scale integrated circuits (ULSI), chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) has already become a practical and main planarization technology because of its global and local planarization ability. The non-uniformity of material removal on wafer surface is one of important indicators of surface precision in wafer CMP process. In this paper, According to the σ calculation method, the calculation equation of the non-uniformity of material removal was put forward. Then, the CMP experiments on the non-uniformity of material removal were conducted under different rotational speed on a CMP machine CP-4. The WaferCheck-7200 equipment, with the theory of non-contact capacitive thickness measurement, was used to detect the thickness of each point on silicon wafer surface. After calculation, the non-uniformity of material removal on the silicon surface was obtained under different polishing speed. The test results can provide some theoretical guide for further understanding the form mechanism of the non-uniformity of material removal and the material removal mechanism in wafer CMP.

The Complex Formulation and Performance Research of a New Stopped-Boiler Protectant

In this paper, octadecylamine (ODA), dimethyl oxime and bromogeramine are selected to complex as a filming amine (FA). Static metal hanging slice test at low temperature is used to study the inhibition performances of the FA. And the influence of the ratio for each component in FA to the properties of the film is studied. Drip method using CuSO4 solution, water droplets test method are employed to evaluate the quality of the film. Electrochemical methods are used to research the form mechanism of protective film. The results show that when each concentrations of ODA, dimethyl oxime and bromogeramine is 50 mg/L, 300 mg/L and 50 mg/L, the effect of the corrosion inhibit is the best, the time of the color change of the film in CuSO4 solution is longer than 10s, water droplets could not be spread on the film, and anti-corrosion mechanism of FA is that a hydrophobic organic molecules layer on metal surface is generated to achieve the purpose of anti-corrosion.