Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Genotypic Correlation of Soybean Agronomic Characters

<p>Genetic parameters are important in genetic improvement and variety development. This study aimed to determine the effective characters that can be applied as selection criterion in soybean breeding using genetic parameters. About 100 soybean genotypes were grown in the Muneng Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation from April to July 2020. The trial was conducted using a randomized complete block design. The results showed that high genetic variability was found on days to maturity, number of branches per plant, number of productive nodes per plant, 100-seed weight, and seed yield. The high heritability was shown by days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, and 100-seed weight. All phenotypic correlations were significant, except for the correlation between seed yield and days to maturity, plant height, number of branches, and number of productive nodes. The seed yield had no genotypic correlation with all agronomic characters observed. The genotypic correlation was only significant for plant height and number of productive nodes, number of branches and number of filled pods, as well as number of productive nodes and 100-seed weight. Therefore, the improvement of seed yield can be conducted through direct selection using the seed yield parameter or indirectly using the 100-seed weight.<br /><br /></p>

Correlation and path coefficient analysis among yield and yield attributing traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

To assess correlation and to find out the direct and indirect effect of yield attributing traits on grain yield, thirty wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were experimented at Kamalamai-04, Phant, of Sindhuli district, Nepal. The experiment was laid out in alpha-lattice design with three replications. Thirteen quantitative traits including grain yield of wheat were studied during this study. The grain yield of wheat has significant (P≤0.01) and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with number of spikes per meter (0.6**, 0.47**), grains per spike (0.69**, 0.65**), weight of grains per spike (0.69**, 0.61**), thousand kernel weight (0.87**, 0.74**), maturity days (0.5*, 0.47**), above ground mass yield (0.96**, 0.83**) and harvest index (0.93**, 0.64**) of wheat. The genotypic correlation is higher in magnitude than the phenotypic correlation for almost all the studied traits. Path analysis of genotypic correlation showed a high positive direct effect of plant height (0.75), above ground biomass (0.6), spike length (0.43), and harvest index (0.29) on grain yield of wheat. Hence, for increasing yield of wheat in the breeding program, selection and hybridization can be made more effective and accurate by using those a significant positive correlation coefficient and direct effect on the grain yield of wheat.

VARIASI GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN KORELASI GENOTIPIK SIFAT-SIFAT PENTING TANAMAN WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.)

ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian ini merupakan pengujian terhadap genotip-genotip hasil<br />persilangan tanaman wijen, dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasi<br />mengenai variasi genetik, heritabilitas, dan korelasi genotipik beberapa sifat<br />penting hasil persilangan tanaman wijen. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun<br />Percobaan Pasirian, Lumajang, Jawa Timur pada bulan April 2002 –<br />Agustus 2003. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelom-<br />pok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) sebagian<br />besar sifat yang diamati mempunyai variasi genetik yang cukup besar, (2)<br />nilai heritabilitas (dalam arti luas) tinggi terdapat pada sifat tinggi tanaman,<br />umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah cabang per tanaman, jumlah polong<br />per tanaman, panjang polong, berat 1000 biji, dan hasil biji per hektar,<br />sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi pada generasi awal, dan<br />(3) korelasi genotipik terhadap hasil biji per hektar terjadi pada sifat tinggi<br />tanaman dan berat 1000 biji pada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 13, sedangkan<br />pada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 22, dan Sbr 1 X Si 26 terjadi korelasi genotipik<br />antara hasil biji per hektar dengan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah cabang per<br />tanaman.<br />Kata kunci : Wijen, Sesamum indicum L., persilangan, genotip, variasi<br />genetik, heritabilitas, korelasi genotipik, pertumbuhan, hasil,<br />Jawa Timur<br />ABSTRACT<br />Genetic variations, heritability and genotypic correlations<br />of important characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum<br />L.)<br />The experiment was conducted to evaluate genetic variations,<br />heritability, and genotypic correlations of important characteristics of<br />sesame. The experiment was located at Pasirian Research Station,<br />Lumajang, East Java from April 2002 – August 2003. Randomized block<br />design with three replications was used in the experiment. The result of the<br />experiment showed that: (1) generally, the genetic variations for all traits<br />were high enough, (2) the heritability values (in broad sense) on plant<br />height, flowering time, harvest time, number of branches per plant, number<br />of pods per plant, length of pods, 1000-seed weight, and grain yield per<br />hectare were high, indicating that the inheritance of these traits were simple<br />inheritance and selection can be performed in early generation, and (3) in<br />Sbr 1 X Si 13 crosses, plant height and 1000-seeed weight had genotypic<br />correlation with grain yield per hectare, then plant height and number of<br />branches per plant had genotypic correlation with grain yield per hectare in<br />Sbr 1 X Si 22, and Sbr 1 X Si 26 crosses.<br />Key words : Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., crossing, genotype, genetic<br />variations, heritability, genotypic correlation, growth, yield,<br />East Jav

Genetic parameters estimate and characters analysis in phenotypic phase of soybean during two evaluation periods

Recent studies have shown the need to identify new potential additional descriptors for the soybean culture to contribute to cultivars differentiation. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate generic parameters and analyze characters in the soybean plants in phenotypical phase, during two evaluation periods. The study analyzed 28 genotypes under greenhouse conditions, during two evaluation periods (October and December, 2017), in two stages of development (V2 and V3), regarding hypocotyl and epicotyl length and plant height. Experimental units (an average of two plants) were displayed in randomized blocks with four replicates. An individual and joint analysis of variance were conducted, and coefficients of experimental variation and genotypic determination were estimated for each character analyzed as well as the ratio between the experimental and genetic variation coefficients. Next, mean tests and the analysis of the phenotypic and genotypic correlation were carried out. Results showed that the genotypes analyzed differed in regard to hypocotyl and epicotyl length and plant height, at the V2 and V3 stages of development. In addition, the estimated magnitude of the genetic parameters and genotypic correlations showed genetic influence on the phenotypic expression of the hypocotyl and epicotyl length and plant height at the V2 and V3 stages of development.

Study of Correlation and Path Analysis in the Selected Okra Genotypes

An experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur from March 2008 to July 2008 to study the correlation and path analysis in the selected okra genotypes. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with thee replications. The results indicated that different genotypes varied significantly regarding all the studied characters. The Fruits per plant and fruit weight of different genotypes had a high degree of significant positive association with fruit yield and a high positive direct effect indicated that these characters had a major contribution towards the fruit yield of the genotypes. The days to first flowering and days to first fruit harvest showed a significant positive correlation with picking duration both genotypic and phenotypic levels. The Picking duration showed a highly significant positive genotypic correlation with fruit diameter and fruit length. At the final harvest plant height showed a highly significant positive genotypic correlation with fruit length and fruit weight at the genotypic level. The fruit length showed a highly significant positive genotypic correlation with fruit weight and fruit diameter and genotypic level. The fruits per plant showed a highly significant positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with fruit yield. A significant positive genotypic correlation with fruit yield was shown by fruit weight. The fruits per plant (0.979) and fruit weight (0.554) also showed a high positive direct effect on fruit yield.

Estimates of genetic parameters, genetic variability, and selection in the S1 generation of peach

ABSTRACT: The growing of peach in mild winter regions is made viable through the use of genotypes that have low need for cold conditions, and this is one of the main aims of breeding for these regions. Thus, the aims of this study were to estimate genetic parameters, evaluate genetic variability, and select families adapted to mild winter regions in the S1 generation of peach through mixed model methodology (REML/BLUP). For that purpose, 22 populations, 84 families, and 2090 individuals were evaluated for the following traits: bud burst rate (BR), node density (ND), plant height (PH), and trunk diameter (TD). Genetic variability was found for all the traits. Individual heritability in the broad sense was of low and medium magnitudes. The PH trait had positive genotypic correlation of high magnitude with TD. The ND trait had moderate negative genotypic correlation with PH and TD. Clustering by the Tocher method resulted in the formation of six mutually exclusive groups. Considering selection intensity of 25%, simultaneous selection for BR, ND, and TD led to predicted gains of 11.3% for BR, 9.7% for ND, -14.2% for PH, and -14.3% for TD, showing the great potential of the germplasm evaluated.