Study of the Disperse Composition of Suspensions and Sputtered Substances by means of Small-Angle Light Scattering

Spatial distribution of the light scattered by a disperse system of particles depends on their sizes, shapes, positions, etc., which can be used for experimental determination of the parameters mentioned. For stochastic systems with the particles’ sizes exceeding the radiation wavelength, most of the scattered radiation concentrates near the incident beam axis. In this small-angle approximation, the scattering pattern is especially simple and regular, which enables to develop efficient procedures for the disperse system investigation. We describe the algorithm for determination of the mean particle radius in the system with lognormal distribution of the particle sizes and negligible multiple scattering. The algorithm’s performance is demonstrated on the practical example of the “fog” generated by a gasoline injector. The ways are discussed for further algorithm generalization and its extension to a non-parametric analysis of disperse systems with a priori unknown form of the particle sizes’ distribution.

Effect of electro-kinetic processes on filtration of fluids and gas in porous medium

The paper reviews the fluid and gas flow in the porous medium considering electro-kinetic phenomena – electro-phoresis and electro-osmosis, as well as the charges associated with them. These phenomena are due to the double electric layer on the border of division of disperse system phases. Electro-kinetic phenomena are follows: electro-phoresis, electro-osmosis, flow potential (Quincke effect) and sedimentation potential (Dorn effect). The formulas for the motion of fluid and gas in porous medium considering the properties of porous medium and saturating them fluids, as well as the interaction between them, which is described with electro-kinematic phenomena, have been obtained. Obtained formulas have been evaluated via the results of laboratory researches.

Development of rational method of water injection for production of light hydrocarbon fluid deposited in reservoir in the last exploitation phase

The complications in production of liquid hydrocarbons became immovable due to the retrograde phenomenon or degassing process in the last stage phase of exploitation of gascondensate, gascondensate-oil or light oil fields, operated in depletion mode have been researched and the impact of advanced method of water injection considered the most efficient for heterogeneous formation studied as well. For the efficiency increase of water injection process, a new polymer-disperse system injected into the reservoir in small dozes as a bank, therefore selectively closing the zones with high permeability and increasing the cover zone of injected reservoirs is proposed. Based on the polyacrylamide and taken bentonite clay samples from Dash Salahly field of Azerbaijan including the nanoparticles, a new composition of polymer-disperse system has been developed, as well as the efficiency of the system in laboratory investigations studied. To control the effectiveness of the new composition, a physical reservoir model based on similar conditions has been developed and the experiments carried out through a special procedure.

Influence of Physicochemical Methods of Treatment on Structural And Mechanical Properties of High-Viscosity Oils of Udmurtia

The group composition, physicochemical and viscosity-temperature properties of paraffinic high-resinous high-viscosity and high-viscosity oils of Udmurtia deposits with structural-mechanical properties are investigated. It was established that the destruction energy of the supramolecular structure formed during cooling for the oil of the Mishkinsky field is 43.9 kJ/m3 , for the oil of the Kiengop field – 12.6 kJ/m3 . The use of physicochemical methods (heat treatment and dilution of a mixed composition with a hydrocarbon solvent) for regulating the rheological characteristics of oils can significantly reduce the structure of the oil disperse system, which corresponds to a fracture energy of not more than 1 kJ/m3. It was found that the relaxation of the structural and mechanical properties of the oil disperse system after its preliminary heat treatment proceeds slowly.

Application of Amino Transaminases in a Disperse System for the Biotransformation of Hydrophobic Substrates

The challenging bioamination of hydrophobic substrates has been attained through the employment of a disperse system consisting in a combination of a low polarity solvent (e.g. isooctane or MTBE), a non-ionic surfactant and a minimal amount of water. In these conditions, good conversions are achieved, often coupled with a superior stereoselectivity if compared with the corresponding chemical reductive amination. An array of synthetically useful 4-substituted aminocyclohexanes was consequentially synthesized and stereochemically characterized.<br>

Application of Amino Transaminases in a Disperse System for the Biotransformation of Hydrophobic Substrates

The challenging bioamination of hydrophobic substrates has been attained through the employment of a disperse system consisting in a combination of a low polarity solvent (e.g. isooctane or MTBE), a non-ionic surfactant and a minimal amount of water. In these conditions, good conversions are achieved, often coupled with a superior stereoselectivity if compared with the corresponding chemical reductive amination. An array of synthetically useful 4-substituted aminocyclohexanes was consequentially synthesized and stereochemically characterized.<br>