Semantic Reasoning of Product Biologically Inspired Design Based on BERT

Bionic reasoning is a significant process in product biologically inspired design (BID), in which designers search for creatures and products that are matched for design. Several studies have tried to assist designers in bionic reasoning, but there are still limits. Designers’ bionic reasoning thinking in product BID is vague, and there is a lack of fuzzy semantic search methods at the sentence level. This study tries to assist designers’ bionic semantic reasoning in product BID. First, experiments were conducted to determine the designer’s bionic reasoning thinking in top-down and bottom-up processes. Bionic mapping relationships, including affective perception, form, function, material, and environment, were obtained. Second, the bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) pretraining model was used to calculate the semantic similarity of product description sentences and biological sentences so that designers could choose the high-ranked results to finish bionic reasoning. Finally, we used a product BID example to show the bionic semantic reasoning process and verify the feasibility of the method.

Failure Mode and Effect Analysis for a military nose landing gear project

Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) techniques were originally developed by the US Military and have been used as techniques for assessing the reliability and effects of equipment failures. However, the first notable applications of FMEA techniques are related to the impressive development of the aerospace industry in the mid-1960s. FMEA is a methodology for systematically analyzing the failure modes of a project, product or process, prioritizing their importance, identifying system failure mechanisms, analyzing potential failure modes and the effects of these failures, followed by corrective actions, which are applied in the stage of conceptual and detailed design of the product. All approaches to FMEA methods in the scientific literature converge to achieve three goals, namely: the ability to predict the type of failure that may occur, the ability to predict the effects of the failure on system operation, and the establishment of the steps to prevent failure and its effects on the system operation. The FMEA for the project of a nose landing gear analyzes the failure modes of the product and their effects in operation, as a consequence of project deficiencies and identifies or confirms critical functions. To apply the FMEA method to the project of the nose landing gear of a military training aircraft, the following steps need to be accomplished: product description and identification of components; identification of functions; identification of potential ways of failure; estimating the frequency of causes of failure; appreciation of the severity of effects; assessment of difficulties in detecting defects; calculation of the Risk Priority Number (RPN); establishing the measures and corrective actions for the analyzed project.

A Cross-Continent Analysis of the Invariance of Product Information in Cross-Border Electronic Commerce

Cross-border electronic-commerce (CBEC) is growing. However, due to differences in culture, habits, history and language among other factors, consumers in different regions may have different perception towards the same product information on CBEC platforms, which may lead to differences in their cognition of the product with implications for purchase intentions. Presently, little research has attempted to understand whether there are such differences between global consumers through the examination of measurement invariance (MI) in CBEC environments. By using multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA), this study explored the invariance of two product information cognitions on CBEC platforms, namely product description and product awareness, among consumers in North America, Europe, Latin America and Oceania. Data was collected from users of a popular CBEC platform in China. We find no significant differences in understandings and levels of awareness of product information across the four groups of consumers.

Comparative Move Analysis of Chinese and English Product Description on eBay

Based on the move analysis theory of the ESP school, this research selects 10 product description pages of both Chinese and American e-stores on the international e-commerce platform eBay as the corpus of this paper. Quantitative analysis is used to compare the distinctive move structures of the product description in Chinese and American e-stores in order to find out the similarities and differences of moves employed between different countries and try to give explanations for the reasons behind these differences from the perspective of cross-cultural communication. The results of this paper can be regarded as a valuable resource for those online shoppers from both China and America so that they can have a better idea to edit the product detail page and it is hoped that this paper could also provide some inspiration on the ESP teaching.

The Level of Satisfaction of Customers with Online Shopping of Non-Food Personal and household Products and the Factors Contributing to their Satisfaction Level in Dhaka City, Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis

Online shopping has significantly increased across the world in the last five years. In Bangladesh, right now, there are about 6,000active online sellers of non-food products with “Seller Rating”. During Covid-19 Pandemic, it became necessary to sell/buy online. In this regard, two important issues need to be examined properly in the context of Bangladesh. First, the overall level of satisfaction of customers with online shopping and the factors that determine the level of satisfaction of these customers. Accordingly, the paper measures the overall satisfaction level of these customers and identifies the factors that contribute to their overall satisfaction level. It also recommends what the sellers should do to make the overall situation a positive-sumgame. The paper is based on a survey of 1,560 online buyers of nonfood products with different socio-demographic, cultural, and other characteristics. The survey employed a structured questionnaire. A random sampling procedure has been followed in collecting the responses of the sample customers. The paper uses the Lexicographic Model with the relative importance of each factor. The paper finds that the overall satisfaction level of these online shoppers is 50.81% where the male customers are 43.35% satisfied and female customers are 62% satisfied in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. The paper finds nine important factors that contribute to overall satisfaction. Among them, the top three are the right product as promised, price (relative to offline price), and product description (visual and written).

AFFORDANCES IN DIGITAL DETOX AND PRODUCTIVITY APPS

The smartphone has become a crucial devise in everyday life, providing access to a range of communication, entertainment and utility tools. This has led to concern about intrusive media and worries that tech companies take advantage of our "easily distracted mind". This has also incited a booming app industry where digital detox and productivity apps are offered as tools to restrain smartphone use. The aim of this study is to add new empirical data and a conceptual framework to shed new light on this issue. The analysis is based on descriptions of 70 digital detox and productivity apps retried from the App Store and Google Play. The analysis focus on affordances, and distinguishes between two broad categories: undesign affordances, which comprise affordances that punish or inhibit certain types of use and gamification affordances which, in general, reward the user or encourage certain user behavior. The product description is also subject to a discourse analysis. A general finding is gamification affordances such as rewards, achievements, and ratings are generously used in most apps regardless of what kind of context it is meant to be used. More relentless undesign affordances, such as complete blocking of the smartphone is uses to a much lesser degree. The frequent use of gamification design means that the apps can, paradoxically, direct more attention toward the smartphone.

The Assessment of Quality of Products Called Sandalwood Oil Based on the Information Provided by Manufacturer of the Oil on Polish, German, and English Websites

Background. Sandalwood oil is one of the most valuable raw materials worldwide. As a highly valued product, it has its own regulations based on the ISO 3518 standard, which clearly informs producers, distributors, and consumers of the requirements to be met. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of products called sandalwood oil based on the information provided by the manufacturer of the oils on Polish, German, and English websites. Methods. A Google search was utilized to collect data on sandalwood oil offered by producers and distributors in Polish and foreign markets. Information from 50 websites in each of the aforementioned languages, including the description of sandalwood oil properties on websites, method for using it, safety limitations, and presence of a product description consistent with the INCI recommendations, was gathered using Microsoft Excel software and was analyzed. The information that enabled us to estimate the quality of the oils was the botanical name of the oil-bearing plant and the price. Good-quality oils were considered to be oils with the botanical name Santalum album in the description and with a price not considerably less than the price of white sandalwood oils sold by reliable distributors who control the quality of the oils by chromatography. Ultimately, the lower price limit for one milliliter of the oil was established as PLN 21. Results and Conclusions. Good-quality sandalwood oils derived from the Santalum album plant at a price equal to or greater than the chromatographically tested items amounted to a negligible percentage of products sold online. Without knowing the botanical name of the essential oil plant and the price range of unadulterated sandalwood oil, the likelihood of buying a reliable product is low on all of the analyzed websites, with the lowest probability being observed on the Polish websites.

Diction Associative Meaning: The Case of Men and Women Face Wash Products in Indonesia

This research discusses the associative meaning of dictions in face wash products for men and women. The study focuses on the use of different dictions displayed in the product description of face wash products. The descriptions of 60 face wash products, 30 for men and 30 for women, were collected. The approach used in this research is semantic analysis. This research aims to discover the associative meanings which occur in the dictions and to find out whether they correspond with the consumer’s point of view. The result shows that the dictions used for face wash products for women give an impression of beauty for the female facial skin, such as lovely, sparkling, flawless, and pearly. On the other hand, the dictions for men’s products give an impression of strengths, such as fighter, buster, energy, and active. This leads to the conclusion that the dictions in face wash products for women are related to ideal physical characteristics of female skin. As for men’s products, the dictions are related to general characteristics of being an active man.