ПЕТИНА ВИЧЕВА. ПРОБЛЕМИ НА ВЕРБАЛНАТА КОМУНИКАЦИЯ В ТЪРГОВСКОТО КОРАБОПЛАВАНЕ / PETINA VICHEVA. PROBLEMS OF VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN MERCHANT SHIPPING.

This book review presents Petina Vicheva’s monograph titled Problems of Verbal Communication in Merchant Shipping. The subject of the study is Maritime English and Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) in particular. The emphasis is on the use of SMCP in maritime radio communication. The objective of the monograph is to describe and analyse problematic situations that arise in verbal communication carried out over the radio at sea. The main conclusions are drawn at the end of the study. As SMCP is even more actively used by multinational crews, the monograph aims at providing linguistic strategies for effective maritime com-munication, thus contributing significantly to the safety of shipping.

Potential Effect of Informal Learning of English Through Watching a Medical Television Series on the Development of Maritime Medical English Competence

As a result of the widespread use of online technologies and vast opportunities for the use of English in everyday online life, the field of online informal learning of languages, in particular English, has attracted a new wave of research attention. Nevertheless, the number of corpus studies in this field remains low. More specifically, to date no research study has focused on the suitability of the language input to which online users are exposed while performing online activities with regard to the development of language skills in English as a language for specific purposes. In order to bridge this research gap, the objective of this paper is to apply the corpus approach to examine whether watching a medical television series may have an effect on the development of medical Maritime English for future deck officers. The results indicate that in terms of lexical density, lexical diversity, terminology, and word clusters, watching a medical television series may have a limited effect on the development of medical Maritime English for future deck officers. However, future research should examine whether watching television series may have an effect on the acquisition of typical speech patterns in spoken maritime communication, which are closely related to everyday spoken communication. Importantly, the results also seem to indicate that online informal learning of English cannot replace all segments of the formal learning of English for Specific Purposes, but can significantly contribute to the development of general English competence, which is a precondition for the further development of discipline-specific language competence.

Psychological Problems Faced by Nautical Students of Politeknik Bumi Akpelni Semarang in Speaking Maritime English

This study aimed to explain: (1) psychological problems faced by nautical students in speaking maritime English and it causes, (2) the effects of psychological problems to speaking maritime English, and (3) the class situation that expected by the students. This study employs a qualitative case study. In order to collect the data, the researchers used classroom observation, questionnaire, and semi-structured interview. This study revealed that: (1) There were only four of five prominents pychological problems faced by nautical students in speaking maritime English, they were; fear of mistakes because most of the students were afraid if they could not deliver the message clearly, mispronounced, and then being laughed by their friends; shyness because they felt that their friends had better ability rather than themselves; anxiety because they did not understand English well and some of them were lacking of vocabularies, grammar, and they were afraid of being negatively evaluated by their friends or lecturers; lack of confidence because they felt that their English were bad and other friends were better than themselves, so they did not believe in themselves and felt insecure. However, they did not have problems regarding their motivation because they really wanted to sail abroad. (2) There were effects of psychological problems because it made the students’ performance was not maximal yet. (3) Most of students wanted a relaxed, happy, and supportive speaking class situation, while some of them expected that speaking class was not too relaxed because they have to be forced in learning.

ESP: A NEEDS ANALYSIS OF MARITIME ENGLISH AT POLIMARIN

As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has long been known for its marine potential. This potential comes with new challenges, one of them being language problem. In this regard, English shows its prominent role as the international language to bridge communications. This research provided a needs analysis to identify the “necessities”, “lacks”, and “wants” in relation with English usage in maritime sector, specifically for those conducting internship at international ships. A qualitative approach and a descriptive design were applied in this research. The respondents consisted of 19 students of Polimarin who had completed internship at international ships, selected through total sampling technique. Their responses were collected by a questionnaire, complemented by interview. The collected data were then processed through a model consisting of four stages; data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The “necessities” analysis revealed speaking and vocabulary as the most needed language skill and component. The “lacks” analysis showed that the syllabus used pays attention to English language skills and components evenly and that some respondents were underprepared before doing internship. The “wants” analysis came up with the simple present tense and the simple past tense as the most wanted tenses to master, pronouns as the most wanted grammatical feature and passive voice as the least wanted, all language functions evenly wanted, and group discussion as the most preferred learning activity. In conclusion, syllabus revision is due to improve the quality of English learning by accommodating the students’ “necessities”, “lacks”, and “wants”. Key words:ESP, Maritime English, Needs Analysis

Accessible Learning Sources: A Need Analysis on Maritime English Learning Apps

Maritime English is defined as the English language used by seafarers both at sea and in port and by individuals working in the shipping and shipbuilding industry. The teachers are required to make the students skillful and ready to work in maritime sectors once they graduate. The existing and relevant maritime English learning materials following STCW 2010 curriculum in Indonesia are still rare and limited. This study aims to conduct a need analysis of android and web-based Maritime English apps based on the students' perspectives. This study uses questionnaires shared and completed randomly by 318 students from different majors and at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran (Maritime Higher Education Institute) Jakarta. The data is gathered and analyzed accordingly to create the essential concept of the MarEng apps design. The questionnaire result indicates that most of the participants need an ME learning platform in order for them to have better access to and to practice the required knowledge and skills. Explicit bilingual instructions and features like video, audio, and text are also preferred to be incorporated. It is suggested to start from the elementary level and cover the four skills, especially listening, speaking, and pronunciation. It is so suggested that the platform can be constructed in easy and fun UI/UX covering the required content.

Education and professional training: blended learning in maritime english teaching

This paper explores the peculiarities of blended learning approach in teaching Maritime English. The research is aimed to reveal the pedagogical potential of Blended Learning approach in teaching Maritime English. The conceptual idea of the paper is grounded on the recognition of digitalization potential to transform how higher education is delivered and how people learn at different stages of their lives. The research reveals the pedagogical potential of computer-based tools and blended learning approach in Maritime English classroom. The attempt has been made to provide the effective techniques and methods of professionally-oriented communicative competency formation and development by means of Blended Learning implementation at different stages of professional Maritime training. The on-line course in Maritime English, delivered to the learners via LMS Moodle, which is complemented with the face-to-face traditional classroom learning, is described in the research to exemplify the use of the Blended Learning approach for teaching first year students of maritime educational institutions.

The The Efficiency of Google Classroom during Pandemic for Maritime English Learning in Akademi Maritim Nusantara

For almost 2 years, the educational system around the world has been influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic that leads to the shutting down of educational institutions including universities to control the spreading of the virus. This phenomenon coerces the government and also educational institutions to adapt their learning and teaching process. Along with various policies to handle the situation, the online learning system is suggested by Indonesian government as one of the solutions to facilitate distance learning. One of the methods to conduct distance learning is by using Google Classroom. This is a descriptive qualitative research with the fourth semester Engineering students of Akademi Maritim Nusantara as the subject. The key purpose of this research is to determine the efficiency of Google Classroom in Maritime English subject. The data are analyzed with Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The efficiency of the platform is measured with the Ease of Access (PEU) and Perceived Usefulness (PU) towards Google Classroom Maritime English learning activity. The result of this study shows that most of the students are satisfied with Google Classroom that is applied in their class during COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the easiness of accessing their assignments, hence their efficiency as a learning tool can be considered appropriate.

РОЗВИТОК ІНШОМОВНОЇ КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В ПРОЦЕСІ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ СУДНОВОДІЇВ

English language is an integral part of a navigator’s life. And Maritime English language is one of the most important means of professional communication of seafarers because the vast majority of ships have multilingual international crews. In their work, the mariners have to communicate on various topics: professional, domestic or just to keep the conversation going in a multinational crew. Marine professionals need Maritime English at the user’s level and this fact is undisputable and undeniable. The level of English language proficiency depends on the success of the navigator, his career growth, ensuring the safety of navigation. Proficiency in Maritime English is stipulated in a separate line in convention documents (including the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers) governing the training of seafarers. The article is devoted to one of the topical problems of the foreign language cadets’ (students’) education of the maritime institutions of higher education, in particular navigators. The concepts of «competence» is briefly characterized. The author provides the definitions of «foreign language communicative competence» given by foreign and Ukrainian scientists. Also the author’s own definition is formulated. There have been presented the main conditions for mastering international communication competence, which is important for the safe and efficient operation of maritime transport, in the process of professional training of future navigators. The main types of speech activities (listening, monologue speech, dialogic speech, writing, reading), which are used for the formation of foreign language communicative competence of future navigators, are analysed. The examples of tasks used at the practical classes by the professional English language teachers of the f Navigation and Ship Handling Chair of Azov Maritime Institute of the National University «Odessa Maritime Academy» are provided in this article. Key words: competence, foreign language communicative competence, speech activity, cadets (students) of maritime institutions of higher education.

Asynchronous Learning: An Answer in the Era of Pandemic

The condition of the COVID19 pandemic has changed the habits of the world, including the education sector in Indonesia. For schools with strong economic strength, both students and educators will have no significant difficulties in implementing face-to-face online learning in a full manner (synchronous). On the other hand, there are many obstacles to implementing synchronous learning in schools with low economic abilities for both students and educators. One learning method that can be done with minimal barriers is asynchronous learning. Akademi Maritim Nusantara Cilacap and IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, both school have low economic strength, both students and lecturers. This study aims to see the benefits and problems that arise in applying asynchronous learning in Maritime English II of Akademi Maritim Nusantara Cilacap and English I of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon course. The researcher uses Google Classroom, YouTube, WhatsApp and Telegram media in lecture activities. The researcher then conducted a mini-survey to find out the advantages and obstacles experienced by students. The data is then explained using a qualitative descriptive method. The results showed at least 5 (five) advantages and 1 (one) weakness in asynchronous learning. The five benefits are material enrichment, access to learning materials, social interaction, personal interaction, and ease in discussing student work. Meanwhile, the constraints found were related to cost-effectiveness.