Dar Zarrouk Parameters for delineation of groundwater potentials in Ganye and Environs, Adamawa State, Northeastern Nigeria

Groundwater is the main source of water supply in areas in Nigeria including the research area. The research is aimed at delineating groundwater potentials in Ganye and environs using Dar Zarrouk parameters. Fourteen (14) vertical electrical soundings were conducted across the study area in order to determine Dar Zarrouk parameters to determine groundwater potentials in Ganye and environs. The area is underlain by migmatite-gneiss and Pan African granites. Weathered/fractured basement constitute the aquifer type in the area. The aquifer conductivity in the study area range between 0.00871 to 0.032032 ?-1 with mean value of 0.019493 ?-1. The aquifer longitudinal conductance ranges between 0.22246 to 0.759252 with mean value of 0.432846. The transverse resistance range between 627.8721 to 1,857.282 ?m2 with average value of 1,235.854 ?m2. The aquifer hydraulic conductivity range between 6.9314 to 15.562 m/day with mean value of 9.738 m/day while the transmissivity across the study area range between 114.2152 to 378.774 m2/day with mean value of 216.0487 m2/day.

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution Using the GOD Method in Banda Aceh City, Aceh Province

Kerentanan airtanah terhadap pencemaran dapat terjadi akibat adanya aktivitas manusia. Oleh karena itu, kualitas dan kuantitas airtanah perlu diperhatikan. Penerapan metode GOD (Groundwater Occurrence, Overlaying Lithology and Depth Of Groundwater) dilakukan untuk mengkaji kerentanan airtanah di Kota Banda Aceh, Provinsi Aceh. Metode GOD merupakan metode yang dilakukan dengan mengevaluasi tiga parameter yaitu jenis akuifer, jenis litologi diatas akuifer dan kedalaman muka airtanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan daerah yang berpotensi terjadi pencemaran berdasarkan tingkat kerentanan air tanah dengan menggunakan metode GOD, di Kota Banda Aceh. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kerentanan airtanah intrinsik berdasarkan metode GOD berkisar pada nilai sedang sampai tinggi. Zona sedang berdasarkan metode ini ditunjukkan pada nilai indeks 0.45-0.5 yang mencakup beberapa daerah seperti Kuta Alam, Kutaraja, Meuraksa, Jaya Baru, Banda Raya, Lueng Bata, dan Baiturrahman. Dan daerah dengan indeks tinggi mencakup kecamatan Syiah Kuala dan Ulee Kareng dengan nilai 0.52-0.69. Kondisi litologi pada daerah penelitian menunjukkan tipe akuifer yang sejenis yaitu sistem akuifer aluvial. The vulnerability of contaminated groundwater caused by human activity. Thus, the quantity and quality of groundwater need more attention. The application of GOD (Groundwater Occurrence, Overlaying Lithology and Depth of Groundwater) methods is done for a review of groundwater vulnerability in Banda Aceh City, Aceh Province. The GOD method is a method by investigating three parameters, they are: type of aquifer, type of lithology above the aquifer, and depth of groundwater table. This study aims to map areas with potential contamination based on the level of groundwater vulnerability using the GOD method, in Banda Aceh City, Aceh Province. The result of the research shows that the level of intrinsic groundwater vulnerability in Banda Aceh by the GOD method range from moderate to high. Moderate groundwater vulnerability zone based on this method has an index value of 0.45 - 0.5 covers several areas, they are: Kuta Alam, Kutaraja, Meuraksa, Jaya Baru, Banda Raya, Lueng Bata, and Baiturrahman. And the high index value covers Syiah Kuala and Ulee Kareng with 0.52 - 0.69. The lithology of the studied area shows the same type of aquifer as an alluvial aquifer system. Keywords: groundwater vulnerability, GOD method, aquifer

Groundwater vulnerability assessment to pollution in Kasihan, Bantul Regency: A comparative method study (GOD, SINTACS and DRASTIC)

Groundwater vulnerability to pollution refers to the ease with which pollutants reach groundwater, in other words indicating the level of ease of an area to experience pollution. At present, the theme is one of the themes that attracts many researchers because pollution is more frequent in an area. The purpose of this study is to assess groundwater vulnerability in the study area for pollution using the GOD method and conduct a study of 3 groundwater vulnerability assessments, to determine the most appropriate assessment to be applied in the study area. The method used to determine groundwater vulnerability to pollution is GOD, which uses three parameters to assess the vulnerability of groundwater, namely aquifer type, rock type above aquifer and groundwater level. Furthermore, the results of the vulnerability assessment using the GOD method are compared with the vulnerability assessment according to the SINTACS and DRASTIC methods that have been carried out before in this area. The results showed that the variation of groundwater vulnerability index values in the study area according to the GOD method was from 0.35 to 0.63. Locations that are classified as medium vulnerability are generally located in the limestone Sentolo Formation, while locations that are classified as high vulnerability class are located in the volcanic rock of Yogyakarta Formation. Noting the results of determining groundwater vulnerability from the three methods, it can be said that the three methods are suitable for assessing groundwater vulnerability in the study area. However, looking at the distribution pattern of the level of pollution, the DRASTIC method can provide more detailed results related to the level of vulnerability.

ANALISIS TINGKAT KERENTANAN PENCEMARAN AIR TANAH PADA WILAYAH PENAMBANGAN DAN PENGOLAHAN EMAS RAKYAT DESA PANCURENDANG, KABUPATEN BANYUMAS

The people's gold mining and processing activities have an impact on the surrounding environment. Some residents immediately dispose of waste from gold processing into the environment. Therefore, analysis of the level of vulnerability of pollution is needed to determine the size of the level of difficulty and ease of contaminated substances to influence water quality, both surface water and groundwater. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of vulnerability of groundwater pollution around the study area. The method used in this research is survey method and field mapping, sampling method: purposive sampling, laboratory analysis method, mathematical method, and descriptive evaluation method. The calculation to determine the level of vulnerability of pollution is the DRASTIC method for groundwater vulnerability with 7 parameters, namely groundwater depth, rainfall, aquifer type, soil texture, slope, slope, unsaturated zone type, and hydraulic conductivity. Based on the results of the study it was known that the study area had 2 classifications of the level of vulnerability of groundwater pollution, namely the moderate and high classification. Areas that are located in the direction of groundwater flow and are lower than pollutant sources will potentially be more polluted. Keywords : DRASTIC, Pollution, Groundwater, Gold Mine

Identification of Aquifer Layer Based on 2D Resistivity Data in Lhokseumawe Aceh-Indonesia

Penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan air tanah dan kedalaman akuifer telah dilakukan di wilayah KEK Arun Lhokseumawe Provinsi Aceh dengan kondisi geologi daerah penelitian adalah batuan lanauan dan batuan lempung serta geomorfologinya berupa perkebunan dan sungai buatan. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan metode geolistrik resistivitas 2D dengan konfigurasi Wenner-Schlumberger. Akuisisi data di lapangan menggunakan alat SuperSting R8 yang keseluruhannya mempunyai 4 lintasan pengukuran dengan lintasan 1 dan 2 memotong lintasan 3 dan 4, panjang masing-masing lintasan pengukuran tersebut adalah 400 m. Pemprosesan data Hasil akuisisi di lapangan menggunakan software Res2dinv untuk menampilkan model 2D bawah permukaan di lokasi penelitian. Hasil interpretasi menunjukkan lintasan L1 pada kedalaman sampai dengan 70 m terdapat lempung berpasir, lanauan dan gravel. Terdapatnya pengaruh instrusi air laut pada kedalaman 25 m yang ditandai dengan nilai resistivitas 1 Ώm. Lapisan akuifer di identifikasi pada jarak bentangan 100 - 200 m dan pada kedalaman 60 m dengan nilai resistivitas 30 Ωm. Penampang lintasan 3 dan 4 tidak menunjukkan adanya lapisan akuifer yang layak untuk diexploitasi pada lintasan tersebut. Interpretasi lintasan L4 menunjukkan adanya intrusi air laut yang besar pada lapisan pertama. Terdapat 3 lapisan yang kontras yaitu lapisan lempung berpasir, gravel/lempung lanauan dan batuan dasar. Lapisan akuifer pada lintasan 4 diinterpretasikan berada pada kedalaman 70 m dengan nilai resistivitas 30 Ωm. Rekomendasi yang paling layak untuk lokasi pengeboran yaitu pada lintasan 4 pada jarak bentangan 180 m dengan jenis akuifer tertekan. The research to identified ground water and depth of aquifer was conducted in KEK Arun Lhokseumawe Aceh Province. The geology contained siltstone and clay with geomorphology area are plantation and artificial river. The 2D resistivity acquisition was using Supersting R8 equipment with Wenner-Schlumberger array. There are 4 survey lines that conducted in the area where line 1 and 2 were crossed with line 3 and 4. The length of each line is 400 m respectively. The data processing was using Res2dinv software to shows 2D subsurface model. The result shown that line 1 is sandy clay, siltstone and gravel at depths up to 70 m. It was influenced by sea water at depth 25 m with resistivity value of 1 Ωm. The aquifer layer was identified at depth 60 m with resistivity value of 30 Ωm. However, line 3 and 4 were presented that the area surveys are suitable for exploration which have not indicate the existence of an aquifer layer. In the last line, it shown sea water intrusion at the first layer. There are 3 layers that contained in line 4 which is clayey sand, gravel and bedrock. The aquifer layer at Line 4 was interpreted at depth 70 m with resistivity value of 30 Ωm. The most feasible recommendation for a drilling location is on Line L4 at a distance of 180 m with a confined aquifer type. Keywords: Aquifer, Resistivity, Lhokseumawe, ground water, sand

Evaluation of the Aquifer Properties Between Al-Khassa Dam and Kirkuk Structure - NE Iraq

This paper aims to evaluate the hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer between Al-khassa dam and Kirkuk structure, Kirkuk/ NE Iraq. Pumping tests applied for selected wells in the area to evaluate the hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer, special distribution of the water table and groundwater movement direction of the groundwater, the hydraulic properties results of five single pumping test in the study area showed that the transmissivity (T) is ranged between (2.01 to 7. 5 m2/day ), storage coefficient (Sc) ranged (6.4 * 10-3 to 7.3 * 10-2) and the hydraulic conductivity (K) is ranged between (0.025 to 0.35 m/day) that calculated by Winlog software, groundwater discharge of the area is equal to 0.163*106MCM, and the optimum distance between the wells should be about 18.8 m. The results0indicated that the aquifer type is semi-unconfined to semi-confined in Bai-Hassan Formation as shown in the geological map. Groundwater movement of the study areashowed that the direction of the groundwater is from the East side toward West around (Al- Khassa dam area).