The Pandemic Leadership Model: A Study of Medical Student Values During COVID-19

Background: Leadership training is of growing importance in medical education. The COVID-19 pandemic provides unique insight into the qualities and characteristics medical students value in leaders. Little standard information exists regarding best practices, competency-based leadership models or frameworks to guide leadership program development in undergraduate medical education. This study aims to determine what students value in leadership during a pandemic and what implicit leadership framework students use in order to inform medical education curricula. Methods: We developed a survey instrument aimed to uncover student perceptions of effective and ineffective leadership qualities and examples, both during the current COVID-19 pandemic and during crises in general. Results: Students identified the overarching themes of Communication, Other-Orientation, Personal Characteristics, Decisive Action, and Use of Information. These five themes were then built into the model of Pandemic Leadership within the context of complexity leadership theory and collective leadership theory. Conclusion: This study is unique in its focus on student perceptions of leadership qualities both in general, and during a time of challenge that can serve as a real-world laboratory for leadership. We hope that this information, along with the pandemic leadership model, can serve as the first step to useful and relevant leadership training programs in undergraduate medical education.

A Pedagogy for Inculcating Professional Values in Accounting Students: Results from an Experimental Intervention

Research has shown that rankings of personal values significantly differ between accounting professionals and accounting students in the United States and other countries. This difference implies a lack of Person-Organization (P-O) fit between students and the accounting profession. This study presents an educational pedagogy, using both a Curriculum Modification (CM) Intervention and a Value Self-Confrontation (VSC) Intervention, that highlights professional values and can lead to value change in accounting students. Experimental results indicate that this pedagogy can have a significant impact on converging student values with those of the profession (AICPA ethics code). This finding suggests that a Curriculum Modification Intervention combined with a VSC Intervention could be used by educators globally to converge values of accounting students with those of professional accountants, thereby improving ethical decision-making by individuals, as well as having positive impacts on accounting firms' hiring, socialization, and retention of employees.

ISTIKHDĀM TIKNŪLŪJĪ AL-TA'LĪM ATSNĀ INTIṮAR AL-WABĀ LI MAHĀRĀT AL-LUGAH AL-'ARABIYYAH

That learning technology has many benefits in its use during a pandemic in Arabic learning to improve Arabic language learning, both in its planning, implementation and evaluation. Therefore, for Arabic language teachers during a pandemic in utilizing learning technology, they must be varied in making the material, presenting it, and giving assignments to increase the Arabic language maharah. The purpose of this study is to find out the use of learning technology during a pandemic at MAN Banjarmasin in increasing the Arabic language teaching and the supporting and inhibiting factors in its use. The methodology in this study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection used: Observation, Interview and Documentation. The results in this study indicate that: 1) The use of learning technology during the pandemic at MAN Banjarmasin in increasing the Arabic language maharah varied in its planning, implementation, and evaluation and was able to increase student values in learning Arabic. 2) factors that support and hinder the lack of provision of facilities and infrastructure, lack of IT mastery, enthusiasm and enthusiasm of teachers and students with online learning, professional language teachers, high student interest, provision of varied materials.

Exploring Children’s Values Questionnaire: Measurement, Gender, and Age Issues

Values are conceptualized as the standards individuals use to determine the status of events and actions and are considered to influence individuals’ behaviours, reasoning, and perceptions. Based on a synthesis of six school-based student values enhancement programs, this paper reports on the development of the Children’s Values Questionnaire (CVQ). This Questionnaire was conceptualized as composing of seven dimensions: Self-Concept; Behaviour; Healthy Life; Social; School Climate; Emotional Intelligence; World View and 26 related sub-dimensions. A total of 848 co-educational students (52% male, 48% female) from Years (Grades) 4 to 7, ages 9 to 13+ years, across 11 Australian schools completed the 95-item CVQ Questionnaire. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of the instrument was 0.94, indicating that the questionnaire had good internal consistency. The inter-correlation between its seven dimensions clustered at Pearson r = 0.55. An exploratory factor analysis was supportive of the CVQ’s theoretical construct (Norm Fit Index of the data to the theoretical construct, 0.09). Girls rated themselves higher than boys (p < 0.001) on items related to Playing by the Rules, Responsibility, Creativity, Empathy, and Communication, and boys rated themselves higher than girls on Physical Activities items (p < 0.001). Older students (Years 6 and 7) compared to younger students (Years 4 and 5) demonstrated greater discernment and differentiation of context (p < 0.05), the growing influence of peer friendship in their value beliefs and an increase in confidence in social settings (p < 0.001). The relationship of the CVQ to Schwartz’s Universal Valued Goals is reported in the paper, along with examples of the application of the CVQ in schools.

Building Private Blockchain For Recording Student Values Data in Environment Faculty of Engineering at Universitas Muhammadiyah, Ponorogo

Storing student grades in universities is a sensitive issue when it comes to the security of campus computer networks. In this paper, we propose a blockchain model to ensure the secure storage of student grade data. Each record of recording student grades by a lecturer can be seen as a record in a journal or ledger. All records in one of the departments in a faculty can be seen as a student grade journal. Modeling this data by viewing data records as a journal allows us to model a database for all records in an encrypted and distributed manner. Namely, a model that resembles the blockchain model. In this perspective, a blockchain network can be made in which each node is stored in a different direction. So if there are three departments within the faculty, a blockchain with three vertices can be made. Each node keeps a copy of the overall student grade journal data. So that each node can mutually verify the validity of transaction records in each department. Student value journals are structured in such a way that they form a blockchain that builds hashes that lock together. This modeling of student value records answers the problem of being vulnerable to student scores hacked by irresponsible parties both from within the campus and from outside the campus. Security follows the protocols in the blockchain architecture.

COMPETENCE TO DESIGN AND PLAN EDUCATION AND ITS APPLICATION IN SCHOOL PRACTICE

"Planning is an essential part of the preparation and implementation of the teaching process. Designing and planning education is an important part of the complex professional competencies of teachers, which were the subject of several years of research carried out at the University of Constantine the Philosopher in Nitra. Scientific research of Slovak experts focused on the issue of the professional competencies of teachers. The starting point was to determine the current state of professional skills of teachers in the Slovak Republic, then a complex of necessary competencies was identified. The relevance of the teacher's competency complex was confirmed by their practical implementation, which was assessed by competent evaluators. The paper presents the professional competence to plan and design, which we understand as a basic pillar of quality and effective education. A modern school requires the personal and social development of the student, good study results, but also in a complex of student values, which can be ensured by a methodologically and professionally thought-out organization of the teaching process. One of the results of the APVV research project, Evaluation of Teacher Competencies, was the creation of tools and criteria for evaluating and self-evaluating the quality of a teacher's professional competencies in educational practice. Part of the paper is to present the practical implementation of a special methodology aimed at evaluating the competence to design and plan teaching, in the form of a case study model."

Pemanfaatan Media Video dan Market Plan dalam Mata Pelajaran IPA Pokok Bahasan Sistem Pencernaan Manusia untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar

Based on the results of observations made at Karangmulya I Public Elementary School and the author's experience that the material in the human digestive system of teachers is often difficult when teaching so that learning outcomes obtained by students are less satisfying. This study aims to (1) Develop learning by utilizing video media and market plan methods, (2) find out the development steps in learning, and (3) find out how far the merging of video media and market plan methods can improve student learning outcomes in Natural Sciences class VI subject of the human digestive system. The results of this study indicate that the learning media by utilizing video collaborated with the market plan method in science subjects the subject of the human digestive system shows an increase. This is evidenced by the acquisition of student values above the KKM. This learning work has been disseminated to colleagues especially in SDN Karngmulya I. Keywords: Class VI Science;Human Digestion;Video Media and Market Plan AbstrakBerdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan di SDN Karangmulya I dan pengalaman penulis bahwa dalam materi sistem pencernaan manusia guru seringkali Kesulitan saat mengajarkanya sehingga hasil belajar yang diperoleh peserta didik kurang memuaskan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengembangkan pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan media video dan metode market plan, (2) mengetahui langkah-langkah pengembangan dalam pembelajaran, dan (3) mengetahui sejauh mana penggabungan media video dan metode market plan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran IPA kelas VI pokok bahasan sistem percernaan manusia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan video yang dikolaborasikan dengan metode market plan dalam mata pelajaran IPA pokok bahasan sistem pencernaan manusia menunjukan adanya peningkatan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai peserta didik di atas KKM. Karya pembelajaran ini telah didesiminasikan kepada rekan sejawat khususnya di lingkungan SDN Karangmulya I. Kata kunci: IPA Kelas VI; Media Video dan Market Plan;Pencernaan Manusia.