Opposition Party Behavior and Minority Government Support

Opposition parties in minority governments are partly responsible for government stability without being able to neglect their accountability to the electorate, a dilemma that, as this book shows, has many electoral as well as policy advantages for opposition parties. This book’s analysis of opposition behavior in the Swedish Riksdag (1991–2018) sheds light on the rationality of minority governments from an opposition perspective: receiving political influence without jeopardizing one's party profile. The author studies oppositional behavior in Swedish minority governments using quantitative and qualitative methods.

Parental Challenges in Promoting the Well-being of Talented Youths in Indonesia: A Phenomenological Study

Background: Parenting talented youths is a challenging task since most talented youths experience role complexities in their lives. Thus, raising talented youths can lead to increased challenges of parenting.Purpose: This study aimed to explore the challenges faced by Javanese Muslim parents in promoting the well-being of talented youths.Methods: A descriptive phenomenological approach was chosen to guide this study. Thirteen Javanese Muslim parents of talented youth (nine men and three women) were recruited using snowball and purposive sampling techniques. The data were obtained by conducting semi-structured interviews and field notes. The collected data were transcribed using verbatim transcription and analyzed using Giorgi’s method of analysis.Results: Three themes were found after data analysis, i.e., challenges coming from the youths, challenges from the community, and the existence of financial constraints in the family. Challenges coming from the youth were related to the oppositional behavior of talented youths and difficulties in managing children’s activities as students and as talented youths. Challenges from the community included low commitment and belittling behavior from teachers or lecturers, ridicule from their neighbors, gender-based discrimination, and the absence of support from the organization. Another theme was related to financial constraints in the family which made it difficult for parents to finance their youth’s education and talent activities.Conclusion: Identifying the actual problems experienced by the talented youths’ parents could help nurses develop appropriate family programs, consider, and incorporate holistic aspects into the programs to obtain optimal results.

Psychometric properties of an observation instrument to assess ADHD symptoms in the classroom using a continuous sampling approach

Objective: This study investigates the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Ghent University Classroom Coding Inventory (GUCCI-NL) by comparing children with (subthreshold) ADHD to typically developing peers. The advantage of the GUCCI is that it measures the proportion of time ADHD behavior was displayed and length of such intervals in a continuous manner that allows for more detailed assessment of behavior, such as on-task span, compared to traditional time sampling methods.Method: We coded the scales Attention Problems, Motor and Verbal Hyperactivity, and Oppositional Behavior in a sample of 57 children with (subthreshold) ADHD and 34 controls (aged 6–12). Construct validity (i.e., group differences, convergent and divergent validity), predictive validity (including ROC curves), and inter-observer reliability were investigated. Outcome measures were percentage of time and interval span. Results: The GUCCI-NL discriminated between the ADHD and control group for all scales (small to very large effects), with largest effects on percentage of time. Convergent validity against questionnaire and interview scores was confirmed for Verbal Hyperactivity and Oppositional Behavior, although divergent validity was weak. The Attention Problems scale was most sensitive to group membership (AUC = .79). Inter-observer reliability was sufficient (r >.82). Group differences on span length were found for Attention Problems but not for Hyperactivity, confirming the additional value of continuous coding.Conclusion: The GUCCI-NL is a valid objective measure for ADHD symptoms in the classroom, which may be of added value in scientific practice, although for diagnostic purposes additional instruments should be used.

Tourism-Induced Place Change: The Role of Place Attachment, Emotions, and Tourism Concern in Predicting Supportive or Oppositional Behavioral Responses

This study investigates residents’ emotional and behavioral responses to environmental changes caused by tourism development. Statistical analysis conducted on a comprehensive sample of 1,001 residents from Amsterdam, the Netherlands, explores emotional responses as an underlying mechanism used to explain residents’ behavioral responses as well as their tourism concern as boundary conditions for this mediating effect. In contributing to the extant debate on the role of place attachment (i.e., the bond between people and their environment) in predicting residents’ supportive behavior for tourism development, the findings reveal that high levels of place attachment generally result in oppositional behavior. Moreover, results confirm that emotions, as evoked by tourism-induced place change, explain residents’ supportive and oppositional responses. Positive emotional responses to tourism decrease the likelihood of residents’ oppositional behavior. High levels of tourism concern diminish the positive influence of place attachment on positive emotions.

Borderline Personality Features Mediate the Association Between ADHD, ODD, and Relational and Physical Aggression in Girls

Objective: This study investigates borderline personality features (BPF) as a mediator of the association between ADHD and ODD symptoms and aggression in girls. Method: Parents of 118 girls ( Mage = 11.40 years old) with and without ADHD completed ratings of ADHD and ODD severity, and parents and youth provided ratings of physical and relational aggression. Results: ADHD, ODD, and their subfactors were significantly correlated with BPF, and these variables were associated with aggression measures. BPF fully mediated the association between total ODD symptom severity and relational and physical aggression by parent and youth report. At the subfactor level, BPF fully mediated the association between hyperactivity/impulsivity and oppositional behavior and physical and relational aggression. Conclusion: These findings add to a growing literature showing the relevance of BPF as a risk factor for poor social functioning in youth and point to the importance of continued work examining BPF among girls with ADHD and ODD.