The Intensification of the Wine Fermentation Process Received from the Variety of Grapes «Bashkortostan»

Разработан способ интенсификации процесса брожения вина, полученного из винограда селекции Башкортостан. Для сбраживания взяты сорта винограда Башкирский, Находка Стреляева и Карагай 2020 г. урожая, выращенные в Кушнаренковском селекционном центре по плодово-ягодным культурам и винограду. Изучена технологическая характеристика выбранных сортов, которая показала, что по органолептическим и физико-химическим показателям все сорта соответствуют требованиям ГОСТ 31782-2012 «Виноград свежий машинной и ручной уборки для промышленной переработки. Технические условия», кроме массовой концентрации сахаров, которая ниже нормируемых показателей на 2,2 и 1,9 г/100 см3 у сорта Башкирский и Карагай, соответственно. Массовая концентрация сахаров у сорта Находка Стреляева составляет 17,1 г/100 см3 при норме 17,0 г/100 см3. Выбранные сорта винограда подвергали спонтанному сбраживанию и из полученных виноматериалов выводили чистые культуры дрожжей, которые дополнительно перед сбраживанием обрабатывали на ультразвуковой установке марки VGT-800 при следующих характеристиках: частота 42 кГц, мощность УЗ излучателя - 120 Вт, интенсивность излучения - 35 Вт/см2. Дрожжи, обработанные ультразвуком в течение 1-10 мин, служили в качестве засевных на этапе сбраживания виноградного сусла. Брожение проводили при температуре 22 °С. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что ультразвуковая обработка чистых культур дрожжей в течение 2 мин способствует максимальному приросту биомассы дрожжей, почкующихся клеток и клеток с гликогеном, улучшает органолептические и физико-химические показатели готового вина и позволяет сократить процесс получения вина на 12 ч. There is a method of the intensification of the wine fermentation process received from the variety of grapes selected in «Bashkortostan». The following varieties of grapes were selected for the fermentation: Bashkortostan, Nakhodka Strelyaeva, Karagay - the harvest of 2020. They were grown in the selection center of the fruit and berry and grape cultivation in Kushnarenkovskiy region. The technological characteristics of the selected varieties were investigated. According to the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters all the varieties maintain indicators of the State standard 31782-2012 «Fresh grapes of machine and manual harvesting for industrial processing. Technical conditions» except for the mass concentration of sugars which is 2.2 and 1.9 g/100 cm3 lower than normalized indicators of the varieties of grapes Bashkortostan and Karagay. The mass concentration of sugars of the variety of grapes Nakhodka Strelyaeva is 17.1 g/100 cm3 while the norm is 17.0 g/100 cm3. The selected varieties of grapes were subjected to the spontaneous fermentation. The pure yeas crops were derived from the obtained wine materials which had been treated by ultrasound on the ultrasound engine of VGT-800 model according to the following characteristics: frequency 42 kHz, the power of the ultrasonic emitter is 120 W, radiation intensity - 35 W/cm2. The yeast which was treated by ultrasound during 1-10 minutes serves as seedings during the fermentation of the wine wort. The fermentation was carried out at a temperature of 22 °C. As a result of the conducted studies, it was established that the ultrasound treatment of the pure yeast crops during 2 minutes promotes the maximum growth of the biomass, the budding cells and the cells with the glycogen. It improves the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the ready-made wine and allows to reduce the process of obtaining wine by 12 hours.

Analysis of Radiation Intensity and Sunshine Duration in the Karst Area of Maros TN Bantimurung Bulusaraung South Sulawesi During Solstice Phenomenon

This study aims were to analyze the profile of radiation intensity and sunshine duration in the karst area of Maros TN Bantimurung Bulusaraung, South Sulawesi during solstice phenomenon in the period 2011-2020. In addition, radiation intensity and sunshine duration in the same area were also measured. A Pearson correlation shows that the intensity of solar radiation and the sunshine duration have a bimodal pattern. The average radiation intensity during the 2011-2020 solstices in June and December was 1.193 and 1.249 , respectively. Whereas the percentage of sunshine duration in June and December reached 54% and 35%, respectively. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis of the relationship between radiation intensity and sunshine duration in June were 0.722, while in December, it was 0.717. The interpretation results show that the two parameters have a strong correlation and have a close relationship

Intensification of nitrification processes in soil by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation

This study highlights the application of UV radiation for soil treatment with regard to agricultural plant growth intensification. The influence of the parameters of ultraviolet radiation (intensity and wavelength) on the value of the redox potential in the soil was quantified. The experimental tests carried out in soils, plants, seeds with ultraviolet radiation lamps for changing the accumulation of the most mobile nitrate forms of nitrogen were defined.

Analysis of Infrared Radiation Intensity by Water-Mist Spraying in Ship Exhaust System

The infrared radiation intensity in 3~5μm of conventional ship exhaust system are so severe [1] that can be easily captured by detector. Therefore, it’s necessary to take measure like spraying water mist to decrease temperature of exhaust system in order to decrease infrared radiation intensity. In this paper, the calculation of infrared radiation intensity of conventional ship exhaust system with water-mist spraying will be given. The results show that the average and maximum infrared radiation intensity of the exhaust system can be reduced by 90.3% and 95.7% after water mist cooling.

Model of diffuse reflection of optical radiation from the surface of biological tissue, implemented on the basis of two-dimensional fractional Brownian motion process

The numerical model of the diffuse reflection of Gaussian beam from the surface of biological tissue is introduced. The two-dimensional fractional Brownian motion (fBm) with the Hurst index H and the scale parameter σ was used for the simulations of the tissue surface relief. For the surfaces described by fixed σ = 0.1 and H = 0.55, H = 0.803 (corresponds to the surface of a banana fruit), H = 0.9, the angular distributions of the reflected radiation intensity were calculated using a Kirchhoff integral approach. The resulting distributions considerably differ from each other. Therefore, the introduced model can be used for the solution of the inverse problem of finding the fBm parameters of tissue surfaces employing the experimentally measured distribution of the reflected radiation intensity.

Computation on Infrared Radiation of Side Exhaust Plume under Spraying Water

The high temperature plume of ships has obvious infrared radiation feature. Spraying water-liquid droplets in side exhaust system can effectively reduce the high temperature of the tail gas to reduce the infrared radiation of the exhaust plume. In this paper, ANSYS Fluent is used to establish the concentration field and temperature field of the side exhaust plume atter spraying water-liquid droplets. And the statistic narrow band model (Malkmus model) and the C-G approximation method are used to calculate the infrared radiation intensity of the exhaust plume in the normal direction of the exhaust outlet from 3 to 5 μm on this basis. The final results show that spraying water-liquid droplets in side exhaust pipe can reduce the infrared radiation of the side exhaust plume from 3 to 5um by 88.9%% compared with the initial intensity; when the water flow reaches 0.7kg/s, infrared radiation intensity remains unchanged.