scholarly journals Intensification of nitrification processes in soil by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 939 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
A Anarbaev ◽  
O Tursunov ◽  
D Kodirov ◽  
J Izzatillaev ◽  
A Rakhmatov ◽  
...  

Abstract This study highlights the application of UV radiation for soil treatment with regard to agricultural plant growth intensification. The influence of the parameters of ultraviolet radiation (intensity and wavelength) on the value of the redox potential in the soil was quantified. The experimental tests carried out in soils, plants, seeds with ultraviolet radiation lamps for changing the accumulation of the most mobile nitrate forms of nitrogen were defined.

2021 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Anvar Anarbaev ◽  
Obid Tursunov ◽  
Dilshod Kodirov ◽  
Zayniddin Sharipov ◽  
Farrukh Mukhtarov

The technology of electro-processing by UV-radiation soil of agricultural plants is considered. The mechanism of the effect of UV irradiation to change by redox reactions a chemical potential of the soil is shown. As the result of experimental researches, optimum parameters for processing soils with ultraviolet radiation lamps for increasing the absorption of the most mobile manganese forms in plants are defined.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirreza Talaiekhozani ◽  
Nilofar Torkan ◽  
Fahad Banisharif ◽  
Zeinab Eskandari ◽  
Shahabaldin Rezania ◽  
...  

This study investigated the effect of various parameters on the removal of Reactive Blue 203 dye from wastewater using ferrate(VI) oxidation process, ultraviolet radiation (UV) radiation and MgO nanoparticles under batch mode. Although several studies have been carried out on dye removal, there is no study on the removal of Reactive Blue 203 dye using ferrate(VI) oxidation process, UV radiation, and MgO nanoparticles. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different factors including pH, temperature, contact time, the intensity of UV radiation and the concentration of MgO nanoparticles on Reactive Blue 203 dye removal using the above-mentioned methods. The results showed that the best pH values for dye removal using UV radiation, ferrate(VI), and MgO nanoparticles were 13, 1 and 13, respectively. The best temperature for Reactive Blue 203 dye removal using ferrate(VI) was 50°C. Hence, temperature variation had no significant effect on Reactive Blue 203 dye removal using UV irradiation and absorption by MgO nanoparticles. Based on the results, the best contact time was 15 minutes using UV radiation. The removal of Reactive Blue 203 dye using ferrate(VI) oxidation process was a quick reaction, and in a fraction of a second, the reactions were completed. The results showed that dye removal using MgO nanoparticles could be described by the Temkin isotherm. Therefore, the contact time was not considered as an effective parameter. In addition, the maximum dye removals were 95, 85 and 94% using UV irradiation, ferrate(VI) and MgO nanoparticles.


2020 ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
◽  
О. Romanenko ◽  
Т. Tkachuk ◽  
B. Blyshchyk ◽  
◽  
...  

The effectiveness of the process of photoactivation of aqueous solutions has been proven by studies conducted in the article. As a method of exposure, UV radiation is low-cost and natural, so there is a need to study the effect of ultraviolet radiation on aqueous disinfectant solutions and to determine effective methods of irradiation. Accordingly, there is a need to investigate the effect of UV radiation on disinfectants, in particular on their antimicrobial properties and to determine the effective effect of ultraviolet radiation on the tool. The high pressure mercury arc lamp DRT-400 lamp was used as a source of ultraviolet radiation. The surface of the aqueous solution was at a distance of 0.25 m under a source of UV radiation. The photoactivated liquid was applied to the agar medium immediately after inoculation of bacteria. The growth of colonies of microorganisms was recorded 24 hours after application of the treated disinfectant solution. At the Department of Electrical Engineering, Electromechanics and Electrical Technologies of NULES of Ukraine measurements of pH, redox potential of disinfectant solutions immediately after irradiation were carried out. Graphical dependences of changes of disinfecting properties are received. It is established that ultraviolet radiation significantly changes the pH and redox potential of aqueous solutions of disinfectants. The intensity of the parameter change is characteristic of ultraviolet radiation at an exposure of 5-15 minutes. Irradiation of сoncentrated disinfectant based on quaternary ammonium and glutaraldehyde «Keno Cid 210» solution for 5 minutes effectively inhibits the growth properties of microorganisms. The concentration of the irradiated aqueous disinfectant solution can be 5 times lower than the concentration of the non-irradiated.


Author(s):  
Renata Chadyšienė ◽  
Aloyzas Girgždys

This article presents measurement results of intensity of solar UVA and UVB radiation, as well as UV radiation albedo from various surfaces. The intensity of albedo was measured from natural surfaces, such as: sand, grass, water, and snow. The paper also presents measurements of solar emitted UVA and UVB radiation intensity in the shadow. Ultraviolet radiation intensity and surface albedo was measured using a handy UVA radiation radiometer UVA ‐ 365HA, with spectral response of 320–390 nm and a handy UVB radiation radiometer PMA2201, with spectral response of 280–320 nm. The results of measurements show that snow has the maximum albedo ‐ from 50 to 60 per cent, sand ‐ 10 per cent, and the minimum albedo is for grass ‐ 2 or 3 per cent. The data of experimental measurements of UVA and UVB radiation in the shadow show that maximum reduction of intensity of UVA radiation up to 80%, was at 1 p.m. in comparison with reduction of intensity of UVB radiation to 70% at 2 p.m. Santrauka Pateikti saules skleidžiamos UVA ir UVB spinduliuotes intensyvumo ir ivairiu paviršiu UV spinduliuotes albedo matavimu rezultatai. Matuotas ivairiu natūraliu paviršiu albedas: smelio, žoles, vandens, sniego. Ultravioletines spinduliuotes intensyvumas ir ivairiu paviršiu albedas matuotas nešiojamaisiais radiometrais: UVA spinduliuotes ‐ UVA‐365 HA, kurio daviklis registruoja UV spinduliuote nuo 320 iki 400 nm, ir UVB spinduliuotes‐PMA2201, kurio daviklis registruoja UV spinduliuote nuo 280 iki 320 nm. Atlikus eksperimentus nustatyta, kad iš natūraliu paviršiu didžiausias albedas yra sniego ‐ apie 80–90 %, smelio ‐ 10 %, mažiausias ‐ žoles, apie 2–3 %. Atlikta saules skleidžiamos UVA, UVB spinduliuotes intensyvumo ir šalia esančiu paviršiu albedo ryšio analize. Didžiausi koreliacijos koeficientai gauti: tarp UVA spinduliuotes intensyvumo ir smelio albedo (‐0,93), tarp UVA spinduliuotes intensyvumo ir žoles albedo (0,93), tarp UVB spinduliuotes intensyvumo ir smelio albedo (‐0,89). Atlikus UVA ir UVB spinduliuotes intensyvumo matavimus šešelyje, nustatyta, kad labiausiai UVA spinduliuote sumažeja apie 13 vai. (80 %), o UVB ‐ apie 14 vai. (70 %). Резюме Представлены результаты измерения интенсивности УФА и УФБ солнечного излучения, а также УФ альбедо различных поверхностей. Измерялись альбедо натуральных материалов: песка, травы, воды, снега. Интенсивность ультрафиолетового излучения и альбедо различных поверхностей измерялись переносными радиометрами: УФА излучение – УФА–365 HA, датчик которого регистрирует УФ излучение в пределах 320–400 нм, и УФБ излучение – РМА2201, датчик которого регистрирует УФ излучение в пределах 280–320 нм. Результаты экспериментов показали, что наибольшее альбедо у натуральных веществ: около 80–90 % – у снега, 10 % – у песка, наименьшее (около 2–3 %) – у травы. Проведен анализ связи между солнечной интенсивностью УФА излучения, УФБ излучения и альбедо находящихся рядом друг с другом поверхностей. Наибольшие коэффициенты корреляции получены между интенсивностью УФА излучения и альбедо песка (–0,93), между интенсивностью УФА излучения и альбедо травы (0,93), между интенсивностью УФБ излучения и альбедо песка (–0,89). После проведения измерений интенсивности УФА и УФБ излучений в тени установлено, что больше всего УФА излучение уменьшается около 13 ч (80 %), а УФБ – около 14 ч (70 %).


2020 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vigen G. Barkhudaryan ◽  
Gayane V. Ananyan ◽  
Nelli H. Karapetyan

Background: The processes of destruction and crosslinking of macromolecules occur simultaneously under the influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in synthetic polymers, dry DNA and their concentrated solutions. Objective: The effect of UV radiation on calf thymus DNA in dilute solutions subjected to UV- irradiation was studied in this work. Method: The calf thymus DNA was studied in dilute solutions using viscometry, absorption spectroscopy and electrophoresis. Results: It was shown, that at a low concentration of DNA in the buffer solution ([DNA] = 85 μg / ml) under the influence of UV radiation, the processes of destruction of macromolecules and an increase in their flexibility predominate, which is accompanied by a gradual decrease in the viscosity of their solution. In addition, due to the low concentration of the solution, intramolecular crosslinking of macromolecules predominates, which also reduces their size and, consequently, the viscosity of the solution. Conclusion: It was concluded, that in dilute DNA solutions, due to the predominance of the processes of intramolecular crosslinking of macromolecules over intermolecular, only constant processes of decreasing the sizes of DNA macromolecules occur. As a result, its solubility remains virtually unchanged during UV irradiation. The described comments are also excellently confirmed by the results of absorption spectroscopy and electrophoresis


2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasim Asghar ◽  
Ishtiaq A. Qazi ◽  
Hassan Ilyas ◽  
Aftab Ahmad Khan ◽  
M. Ali Awan ◽  
...  

Comparative photocatalytic degradation of polythene films was investigated with undoped and metal (Fe, Ag, and Fe/Ag mix) doped TiO2nanoparticles under three different conditions such as UV radiation, artificial light, and darkness. Prepared photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDS techniques. Photocatalytic degradation of the polythene films was determined by monitoring their weight reduction, SEM analysis, and FTIR spectroscopy. Weight of PE films steadily decreased and led to maximum of 14.34% reduction under UV irradiation with Fe/Ag mix doped TiO2nanoparticles and maximum of 14.28% reduction under artificial light with Ag doped TiO2nanoparticles in 300 hrs. No weight reduction was observed under darkness. Results reveal that polythene-TiO2compositing with metal doping has the potential to degrade the polythene waste under irradiation without any pollution.


2021 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
Наталья Игоревна Федянина ◽  
Ольга Вячеславовна Карастоянова ◽  
Надежда Вячеславовна Коровкина

Представлены результаты исследования влияния обработки свежих шампиньонов ультрафиолетовым излучением в диапазоне А различными дозами на изменение текстуры. Построена математическая модель зависимости предельной хранимоспособности по целевому показателю грибов от дозы облучения, и установлены оптимальные режимы обработки. The results of a study of the effect of processing fresh champignons with ultraviolet radiation in the A range with various doses on the change in texture are presented. A mathematical model of the dependence of the limiting storage capacity for the target indicator of mushrooms on the radiation dose has been built and the optimal processing modes have been established.


Author(s):  
Lucas Dall Agnol ◽  
Roberta Motta Neves ◽  
Marcelo Maraschin ◽  
Sidnei Moura ◽  
Heitor Luiz Ornaghi ◽  
...  

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2428-2434
Author(s):  
J M Treger ◽  
J Hauser ◽  
K Dixon

Irradiation of simian virus 40 (SV40)-infected cells with low fluences of UV light (20 to 60 J/m2, inducing one to three pyrimidine dimers per SV40 genome) causes a dramatic inhibition of viral DNA replication. However, treatment of cells with UV radiation (20 J/m2) before infection with SV40 virus enhances the replication of UV-damaged viral DNA. To investigate the mechanism of this enhancement of replication, we analyzed the kinetics of synthesis and interconversion of viral replicative intermediates synthesized after UV irradiation of SV40-infected cells that had been pretreated with UV radiation. This enhancement did not appear to be due to an expansion of the size of the pool of replicative intermediates after irradiation of pretreated infected cells; the kinetics of incorporation of labeled thymidine into replicative intermediates were very similar after irradiation of infected control and pretreated cells. The major products of replication of SV40 DNA after UV irradiation at the low UV fluences used here were form II molecules with single-stranded gaps (relaxed circular intermediates). There did not appear to be a change in the proportion of these molecules synthesized when cells were pretreated with UV radiation. Thus, it is unlikely that a substantial amount of DNA synthesis occurs past pyrimidine dimers without leaving gaps. This conclusion is supported by the observation that the proportion of newly synthesized SV40 form I molecules that contain pyrimidine dimers was not increased in pretreated cells. Pulse-chase experiments suggested that there is a more efficient conversion of replicative intermediates into form I molecules in pretreated cells. This could be due to more efficient gap filling in relaxed circular intermediate molecules or to the release of blocked replication forks. Alternatively, the enhanced replication observed here may be due to an increase in the excision repair capacity of the pretreated cells.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (34) ◽  
pp. 10446-10453
Author(s):  
Liangliang Wu ◽  
Huajing Fang ◽  
Cheng Zheng ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Hong Wang

A multifunctional smart window for detection and shielding of UV radiation is realized by integrating photodetectors with electrochromic hydrogels.


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