collapsible soil
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2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Kalili ◽  
Ahmed S. Ali ◽  
Abbas J. Al-Taie

Soils that cause effective damages to engineer structures (such as pavement and foundation) are called problematic or difficult soils (include collapsible soil, expansive soil, etc.). These damages occur due to poor or unfavorited engineering properties, such as low shear strength, high compressibility, high volume changes, etc. In the case of expansive soil, the problem of the shrink-swell phenomenon, when the soil reacts with water, is more pronounced. To overcome such problems, soils can be treated or stabilized with many stabilization ways (mechanical, chemical, etc.). Such ways can amend the unfavorited soil properties. In this review, the pozzolanic materials have been selected to be presented and discussed as chemical stabilizers. The selected pozzolanic materials are traditional, industrial, or byproducts, ashes of agricultural wastes, and calcined-clay types. They are lime, cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, rice husk ash, sugarcane straw ash, egg ash, coconut husk ash, and metakaolin. In general, the stabilization of expansive soils with pozzolanic materials has an essential impact on swelling and Atterberg-limits and positively affects compaction and strength parameters. However, there is a wide range for the percentages of pozzolanic materials used as stabilizers. The content (15% to 20%) is the most ratios of the stabilizers used as an optimal percentage, and beyond this ratio, the addition of the pozzolanic materials produces an undesirable effect.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Daniël Jacobus Stapelberg

Abstract Testing was performed on transported soils belonging to recently deposited sandy-silty soil deposits occurring in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa in order to determine the occurrence and order of magnitude of a collapsing sand soil structure. Various empirical geotechnical characteristics including: in situ soil profile structure description, particle grading curve and clay content, soil classification, soil density and void ratio were compared to collapse potential values determined with oedometer testing in order to judge the success with which the empirical characteristics can be utilized to predict the occurrence of a collapsible soil structure.From the results it is clear that a collapsing sand structure exists in the transported soils and the empirical descriptors mostly correctly indicate the occurrence or the particular soil structure when compared to previous studies on collapsing sands. The one descriptor which reflects a relatively poor correction between the descriptor and the soil structure (in situ soil profile structure description) is considered to be a poor indicator of the collapsible soil structure due to erroneous or poor in situ soil structure observations resulting from unfavourable local conditions namely dry, dusty soil conditions and very brief intact standup time of test pit side walls.


2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Moisés Lemos ◽  
Lucas Guimarães ◽  
André Cavalcante

Several regions in Brazil and the world suffer from the presence of collapsible soils. The development of theories for understanding the phenomenon is significant because the increase of water content is associated with several reasons (e.g., precipitation, rupture of sewage, and water systems). Although some theories explain the behavior of various types of soils, they fail to explain collapsible and structured soils. In this research, an alternative interpretation of the consolidation theory is verified and calibrated for collapsible soil. The alternative model was applied to experimental data from a latosol from southeastern Brazil, and comparisons with the classical theory showed a difference in the saturated hydraulic conductivity of around 100 times. The observation showed promising results compared with the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the field (Guelph Permeameter). Furthermore, consolidation tests verified the collapse potential, the variation of consolidation coefficient and saturated hydraulic conductivity, and the total settlement prevision due to the presence of bleach and washing powder.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1594-1607
Author(s):  
Abdul Waheed ◽  
Muhammad Usman Arshid ◽  
Raja Abubakar Khalid ◽  
Syed Shujaa Safdar Gardezi

The soils which show very high shear strength in a dry state but rapidly lose their strength on wetting are known as collapsible soils. Such rapid and massive loss of strength produces severe distress leading to extensive cracking and differential settlements, instability of building foundations, and even collapse of structures built on these soils. Waste marble dust is an industrial byproduct and is being produced in large quantities globally poses an environmental hazard. Therefore, it is of the utmost need to look for some sustainable solution for its disposal. The present study focused on the mitigation of the collapse potential of CL-ML soil through a physio-chemical process. The soil is sensitive to wetting, warranting its stabilization. Waste marble dust (WMD) in varying percentages was used as an admixture. The study's optimization process showed that geotechnical parameters of collapsible soil improved substantially by adding waste marble dust. Plasticity was reduced while Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) significantly increased while swelling was reduced to an acceptable limit. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) also exhibits considerable improvement. This study appraises the safe disposal of hazardous waste safely and turns these into suitable material for engineering purposes. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091746 Full Text: PDF


2021 ◽  
pp. 387-399
Author(s):  
Weijuan Geng ◽  
Weiyang Zhou ◽  
Jiankun Liu

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
M. Mashhour ◽  
M. Saad ◽  
A. Aly ◽  
E. El-Bahhi

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-162
Author(s):  
Souhila Adjabi ◽  
Mohamed Salah Nouaouria ◽  
Wafa Djebabla

Abstract In order to meet environmental and socio-economic challenges, the recycling of waste to be used in the treatment of geotechnical problems is one of the main ways of preserving the environment with a lower economic value. The objective of this experimental work is to improve the characteristics and to study the mechanical behaviour of collapsible soil treated with a new hydraulic stabilizer composed of Crushed Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (CGBS) active by Eggshell Waste (CES). The specimens were mixed with stabilizer content, varying from 0 to 15% in mass, with an initial water content of 4, 6 and 8% respectively. in mass. Oedometer apparatus was used to study the addition of new hydraulic stabilizer effect on the Collapse Potential. Triaxial tests are also conducted to determine the shear strength parameters (cohesion and internal friction angle) of this treated soil. The results of this research study show that the mechanical properties of the treated collapsible soil were significantly improved. An appreciable reduction in the collapse potential is observed. The addition of 15% of this new stabilizer with initial water content of 4% under a compaction of 60 blows/layer is capable of increasing internal friction angle and cohesion. It can be concluded from this study that the mixture of granulated slag and calcined eggshell can be used as an effective treatment of collapsibility phenomenon at low cost while protecting the environment from industrial waste.


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