Socialist Competition of Preventive Departments at Universities

The report of prof. M. M. Gran (Kazan) On the socialist competition of preventive departments at Med. faculties of universities ". In connection with the challenge to the socialist competition of Kazan and Irkutsk universities by Tomsk University, the speaker puts forward 15 points that could serve as a basis for the competition: 1) timely start of classes and full 100% implementation of the lecture program; 2) 100% completion of seminars and practical classes and the transfer of the latter from a cyclical system to a continuous one (parallel to the lecture course); 3) linking practical classes with summer industrial practice; I and II courses; 5) linking preventive departments with clinical and with some basic theoretical departments of junior courses; 6) stimulating students to independently study social and hygienic issues; 7) raising the attendance of lectures; 8) deploying the work of graduate students; 9) establishing work of nominees; 10) management of individual scientific work of students; 11) deployment of scientific work of departments; 12) organization of offices of the department and its equipment; 13) organization of museums of the department of social hygiene; 14) preparation of a workshop and compendium of social hygiene (before the publication of a large guidelines); 15) development of a program of social hygiene and subsidiary disciplines (occupational health and childhood hygiene), development of odes of teaching, staffs and estimates of the respective departments. The general platform of competition is the best and fastest implementation of the reform of higher education in Soviet universities, in particular in honey. faculties. In the debate they spoke. Landis, Sysin, Gurevich S.E., Kaplun, Strashun, Molkov and Mirsky.

Industrial and economic competition as an economic form of labor motivation

The article discusses the concept of “competitiveness” in various aspects of the life of society. It was revealed in the course of the analysis of the works of domestic and foreign scientists that the competitiveness was actively used and is used in the economy, in particular, as a tool to stimulate labor in the form of competitions. As economic forms of competition, one can single out: labor competition, economic competition, production competition, socialist competition. The characteristic features and disadvantages of each of the forms are noted. The author of the article, taking into account the peculiarities of each of the economic forms of competition, substantiates the necessity of introducing a new form – industrial and economic competition, gives his own definition of the term “industrial and economic competition”, adapted to the Belarusian economic system. It is noted that holding industrial and economic competitions is an effective mechanism in stimulating the labor of workers and increasing labor productivity in general. The principles of holding production and economic competitions are stated, the mechanism of holding is described. It is concluded that competitiveness, as a specific personality trait, is an effective tool for stimulating labor, and in terms of production activity, it is advisable to introduce and apply a system of industrial and economic competition, which will be maximally adaptive to the production conditions of the modern Belarusian economy and will become a powerful catalyst for increasing labor productivity.

Garden City: Everyday Life of the Sixties in the Soviet Social Memory

The article is devoted to the history of Soviet urban everyday life at the turn of the 1950s — 1960s. and its reflection in the social memory of the inhabitants of Omsk, the problem of exploiting the enthusiasm of Soviet people during the years of the Khrushchev thaw. A forgotten episode in the history of urban housing construction in a Siberian city is associated with the socialist competition between Omsk and Leningrad in 1959 for the title of an exemplary Garden City. The very fact of the improvement of the urban environment by the forces of the townspeople and the method of socialist competition led to a lot of contradictions — between the general and the private, between free and paid, between the ideological and the real. And this historical episode revealed many aspects of the behavior of ordinary workers of the Soviet industrial city, with their explicit and hidden desires, aspirations, upbringing and the degree of “faith in a bright future”. The creation of a garden city by means of the public work of the residents became a significant idea that could unite everyone. It coincided with the very atmosphere of the “Khrushchev thaw” when the most daring ideas and projects were born and implemented. The study of the history of urban non-capital everyday life was carried out on materials of oral history (memoirs of the old residents of the city of Omsk), a large complex of archival sources, periodicals, etc.

PRODUCTION OF SPECIAL PRODUCTS AT IVANOVO FURNITURE FACTORY (PLANT NO. 43) DURING WORLD WAR II

The article is devoted to the study of Ivanovo furniture factory, which during World War II operated under the provisional name «plant No. 43» of the People’s Commissariat of the forest industry. Fulfi lling the orders of the State Defence Committee of the USSR, it produced landing and sanitary aerial vehicles, special caps for 45 mm shells, cases for anti-tank mines and other special products for the active army. The article refl ects the problems of the development of these types of products by the combine, the organisation of production cooperation for the production of individual components and devices for aerial vehicles, as well as metal fi ttings for special closures and cases for anti-tank mines. Important attention is paid to the specifics of the search for solutions to resolve them, including through appeals to Joseph Stalin, the Chairman of the State Defence Committee. These actions were based on maximum mobilisation of local production resources and on the development of various forms of socialist competition. They were so successful that in August and September 1944, the factory’s labour team twice became the winner of the all-Union socialist competition among the enterprises of the forest industry with the award of the Red Banner of the GKO of the State Defence Committee. In the end, all this worked for the defence of the country and brought the defeat of the enemy closer. The article is based on the materials of the state archive of Ivanovo Region, the Russian state archive of socio-political history, the State archive of the Russian Federation, and the local periodical press. It summarises new information on the topic under study, most of the archival documents are introduced into scientific circulation for the fi rst time, which allows researchers and the public to expand their understanding of the contribution of residents of the region to achieving victory over Nazi Germany and its allies. The results of this research may be of interest to specialists in the fi eld of regional economy and the history of World War II.

Production meetings at the enterprises of the Soviet industry in the 1920s-30s in the studies of Soviet, Russian and foreign historians

The article analyses the results of the historical research activities of productive meetings at the enterprises of Soviet industry in the 1920s-30s. Analysis of the historiography has allowed the authors highlighting the trends and stages of work study meetings. In the fi rst phase in the second half of the 1920s, the research focuses on the forms and methods of organisation of workers' self-government and its role in the life of enterprises. Subsequently, in the 1930s, the production meetings are considered as an element of socialist competition. At the third stage, in the 1950s-70s, historians focused on the role of production meetings in the development of political consciousness of workers. In 1980s-90s, interest in the study of this topic is reduced. At the present stage, due to the intensifi cation of the study of history of the working movement, the topic of production meetings has again become topical. The authors identify the tasks of further study of the history of production meetings.

Emulation and Competition as the Forms of Interaction of the Subjects of Professional Activity

The Object of the Study. Competition and CompetitionThe Subject of the Study. Competition and competition as a form of interaction between subjects of professional activityThe Purpose of the Study. Competition and competition as a form of interaction between subjects of professional activityThe main Provisions of the Article.The authors reveal the features of manifestation of socialist emulation and competition in connection with the social structure of the state and the system of social relations existing in it and generating them. The distinctive characteristics of socialist emulation and competition as two social phenomena and forms of interaction between subjects of professional activity have been studied. The great importance of socialist emulation in solving important tasks for the state is shown, in the intensification of labour, the achievement of better results in the production of material and spiritual goods, the development of socialist society as a whole, the realization of the interests of society and each of its participants. In the particular the features of socialist emulation are revealed: its essence, functions, forms, basic principles and types of stimulating its participants.Besides the work reveals the social aspects of competition, its manifestations in society and professional activity in comparison with the socialist emulation. The main approaches to the study of competition as an interdisciplinary phenomenon are presented. The author's understanding of the essence of competition of subjects of professional activity as one of the types of social competition is given. The structure of competition of collective subjects of professional activity, its positive and negative functions, the nature of the course, the main approaches to its management are presented. As the main differences between socialist competition and competition of subjects of professional activity, their differences in motivation, behavior, methods used by them and means of achieving victory are examined. Competition and competition are manageable, both by the state itself, and by the subjects themselves.The features of the manifestation of socialist competition and competition are connected with the system of social relations existing in the state, which give rise to them. Competition and competition are the most important forms of interaction and relationships between the subjects of professional activity, but having their own manifestations.