Activities of the Department of social hygiene and organization of healthcare of the Central Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians in training and improving management personnel in health care in the 30–80th of the XX century

Introduction. The training of management personnel is a priority task of the state policy in health care since the effectiveness and efficiency of the health care system depends on the level of competence of these specialists, both at the level of a particular territory entire state as a whole. In improving the potential of the leading personnel in the industry, the activities of Department of social hygiene and organization of healthcare of the Central Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians were of particular importance. Having this information will help understand the origins of the development of the foundations of the training health management personnel system. The purpose of the study is to identify the main features of the activity and the contribution of the Department of social hygiene and organization of healthcare of the Central Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians in the 30-80th of the XX century in the formation and development of the system of training health management personnel. Material and methods.Based on the scientific principles of historicism, consistency and objectivity, content analysis, comparative-historical, problem-chronological, typological research methods were used, which made it possible to establish cause-and-effect relationships connecting the identified individual historical events and facts. Results.The diligent work of the department contributed to the development of the basic principles and mechanisms for raising the level of professional qualifications of management personnel aimed at optimizing the activities of health authorities and institutions, improving health protection and improving the quality of medical care for the population, increasing the personal responsibility of medical workers for work results, the ability to work with personnel in conditions. Conclusion. The obtained results of the study, based on the context of the historical reconstruction of activities, indicate the significant contribution of the department to the creation of the fundamental foundations and a robust base for the training of health management personnel. The variety of completed forms and terms of training contributed to the prompt and flexible solution of problems related to territorial characteristics, conditions of professional activity, training needs, the formation of a school of advanced experience in training leading personnel in the industry.

The Queer Biopic in the AIDS Era

The Queer Biopic in the AIDS Era returns to the historical moment of the AIDS crisis and the emergence of New Queer Cinema to investigate the phenomena of queer biopic films produced during the late 1980s–early 1990s. More specifically, the book asks why queer filmmakers repeatedly produced biographical films of queer individuals living and dead throughout the years surrounding the AIDS crisis. While film critics and historian typically treat the biopic as a conservative, if not cliché, genre, queer filmmakers have frequently used the biopic to tell stories of queer lives. This project pays particular attention to the genre’s queer resonances, opening up the biopic’s historical connections to projects of education, public health, and social hygiene, along with the production of a shared history and national identity. Queer filmmakers’ engagement with the biopic evokes the genre’s history of building life through the portrayal of lives worthy of admiration and emulation, but it also points to another biopic history, that of representing lives damaged. By portraying lives damaged by inconceivable loss, queer filmmakers challenge the illusion of a coherent self presumably reinforced by the biopic genre and in doing so, their films open up the potential for new means of connection and relationality. The book features fresh readings of the cinema of Derek Jarman, John Greyson, Todd Haynes, Barbara Hammer, and Tom Kalin. By calling for a reappraisal of the queer biopic, the book also calls for a reappraisal of New Queer Cinema’s legacy and its influence of contemporary queer film.

ORIGINS OF FORMATION OF KYIV SOCIAL AND HYGIENIC SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL: FROM THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, MEDICAL POLICE AND SANITARY STATISTICS TO SOCIAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH

The aim of the work is to study the stages of formation of the Kyiv social and hygienic scientific school, the contribution of its founders to the development of medical and social scientific direction. Materials and methods. The source base consisted of published scientific papers and archive materials. The historical-bibliographic method has been used in this work. Results. The formation and development of the Kyiv social and hygienic school has deep historical roots, beginning with the scientific achievements of many generations of researchers, which were generalized and transformed into the discipline of "state medicine" and began to be taught at the department of state medicine at St. Vladimir's University in Kyiv, and later – at the department of hygiene, medical police, medical geography and statistics. Teaching of medical and social issues continued for a long time at multidisciplinary departments. Prominent hygienists contributed to the formation of the socio-hygienic scientific direction, including professors Subbotin V.A. and Orlov V.D., who highly appreciated the importance of statistics, epidemiology and organization of health work, contributed to their teaching within the training programs for future doctors. A decisive role in the formation of the Kyiv social and hygienic scientific School was played by Professor Korchak-Chepurkivsky O.V., who is considered to be its founder. The course on epidemiology and sanitary statistics developed by him in 1903 and the course "Fundamentals of Social Hygiene and Public Medicine" in 1906 laid a solid foundation for the progressive development of social and hygienic science in Ukraine, helped to establish its theoretical principles, substantiate its content, and improve methodology. Consistent advocacy by scientists of scientifically sound results of socio-hygienic research has often led to his persecution and harassment by the authorities. Insistence of Korchak-Chepurkivsky O.V. on the differentiation of the social and hygienic direction and the creation of a separate department, the mandatory teaching of social hygiene in higher medical education has been crucial for further establishment of departments of social medicine, training of scientific personnel and health professionals. Conclusion. The path of formation of the Kyiv social and hygienic scientific school, which was long, difficult and sometimes tragic, constitutes evidence of the progressive development of social hygiene in Ukraine, highlights the trajectory of the medical and social direction, the role of prominent personalities, especially Korchak-Chepurkivsky O.V. in the formation of conceptual principles and content of social hygiene, training of scientific and pedagogical staff, who continued the work that he started.

Socialist Competition of Preventive Departments at Universities

The report of prof. M. M. Gran (Kazan) On the socialist competition of preventive departments at Med. faculties of universities ". In connection with the challenge to the socialist competition of Kazan and Irkutsk universities by Tomsk University, the speaker puts forward 15 points that could serve as a basis for the competition: 1) timely start of classes and full 100% implementation of the lecture program; 2) 100% completion of seminars and practical classes and the transfer of the latter from a cyclical system to a continuous one (parallel to the lecture course); 3) linking practical classes with summer industrial practice; I and II courses; 5) linking preventive departments with clinical and with some basic theoretical departments of junior courses; 6) stimulating students to independently study social and hygienic issues; 7) raising the attendance of lectures; 8) deploying the work of graduate students; 9) establishing work of nominees; 10) management of individual scientific work of students; 11) deployment of scientific work of departments; 12) organization of offices of the department and its equipment; 13) organization of museums of the department of social hygiene; 14) preparation of a workshop and compendium of social hygiene (before the publication of a large guidelines); 15) development of a program of social hygiene and subsidiary disciplines (occupational health and childhood hygiene), development of odes of teaching, staffs and estimates of the respective departments. The general platform of competition is the best and fastest implementation of the reform of higher education in Soviet universities, in particular in honey. faculties. In the debate they spoke. Landis, Sysin, Gurevich S.E., Kaplun, Strashun, Molkov and Mirsky.

In memory of A. Shlosman

In Dusseldorf (Germany) on June 5th p. died at the age of 65, one of the most prominent representatives of pediatrics and social hygiene, director of the children's clinic of the Academy of Practical Medicine, prof. Arthur Shlosman.

The Invisible Indigence of the Homeless

This article analyzes indigence as a social phenomenon and discusses the factors that have contributed to its permanence over time. The study focuses on street people in Belém, Pará state, Brazil, as an expression of indigence and how public authorities have treated the issue. To provide context, we discuss 19th century social hygiene polices and show how attitudes toward the homeless and thus treatment of this group has changed over time. The current homeless situation is related to the effects of neoliberal policies, psychiatric and prison deinstitutionalization processes and changes related to drug use and availability. Perception and treatment of the homeless are based are based on the biased view that these individuals are unproductive citizens or even criminals. Research results show that, while homeless populations have generally increased across the globe, we observe specific traits related to social exclusion tendencies present for centuries at the local level in Belém.