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2021 ◽  
pp. 037957212110331
Author(s):  
Zavala Gerardo Antonio ◽  
Tenorio-Palos Yessica ◽  
Campos-Ponce Maiza ◽  
Elton-Puente Juana Elizabeth ◽  
López-González Carlos Alberto ◽  
...  

Background: Food environment (FE) has been linked to obesity in urban areas, but there is limited information in rural areas, particularly in developing countries, where prevalence of obesity is high. Objective: To determine the association between FE and childhood obesity using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Methods: A total of 218 (8-10 years) children participated in a cross-sectional study. Weight, height, and body fat were measured. Geolocation of convenience stores (CS) and participants’ households was collected, and the amount of processed food (PF) in the stores was measured. The proximity to the nearest CS and the number of CS within a 250-m buffer from each participant’s household was calculated using GIS. Linear regression models between obesity measurements and FE were performed. Results: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 32%. A total of 91% of the children had access to a CS within 250 m. On average, 48% of the shelf-space of the CS were occupied with PF. A positive association between the density of CS with body fat % (β = .145; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .004), abdominal fat % (β = .206; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .003), and body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-score (BMIz; β = .028; 95% CI, 0.005-0.062, P = .005) was found. Living closer to CS was associated with increases in body fat % (β = −0.009; 95% CI, −0.017 to −0.001, P = 0.025), abdominal fat % (β = −0.012; 95% CI, −0.023 to −0.001, P = 0.033), and BMIz (β = −0.002, 95% CI, −0.004 to −0.001, P = 0.003). Conclusion: In a rural community in Mexico, a high density and low proximity to CS is associated with obesity in school-aged children.


2021 ◽  
Vol XXIV (Issue 3) ◽  
pp. 316-334
Author(s):  
Kateryna Czerniachowska ◽  
Marcin Hernes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6401
Author(s):  
Kateryna Czerniachowska ◽  
Karina Sachpazidu-Wójcicka ◽  
Piotr Sulikowski ◽  
Marcin Hernes ◽  
Artur Rot

This paper discusses the problem of retailers’ profit maximization regarding displaying products on the planogram shelves, which may have different dimensions in each store but allocate the same product sets. We develop a mathematical model and a genetic algorithm for solving the shelf space allocation problem with the criteria of retailers’ profit maximization. The implemented program executes in a reasonable time. The quality of the genetic algorithm has been evaluated using the CPLEX solver. We determine four groups of constraints for the products that should be allocated on a shelf: shelf constraints, shelf type constraints, product constraints, and virtual segment constraints. The validity of the developed genetic algorithm has been checked on 25 retailing test cases. Computational results prove that the proposed approach allows for obtaining efficient results in short running time, and the developed complex shelf space allocation model, which considers multiple attributes of a shelf, segment, and product, as well as product capping and nesting allocation rule, is of high practical relevance. The proposed approach allows retailers to receive higher store profits with regard to the actual merchandising rules.


Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 102425
Author(s):  
Manuel Ostermeier ◽  
Tobias Düsterhöft ◽  
Alexander Hübner

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1182
Author(s):  
Kateryna Czerniachowska ◽  
Marcin Hernes

The allocation of products on shelves is an important issue from the point of view of effective decision making by retailers. In this paper, we investigate a practical shelf space allocation model which takes into account the number of facings, capping, and nesting of a product. We divide the shelf into the segments of variable size in which the products of the specific types could be placed. The interconnections between products are modelled with the help of categorizing the products into specific types as well as grouping some of them into clusters. This results in four groups of constraints—shelf constraints, shelf type constraints, product constraints, position allocation constraints—that are used in the model for aesthetic symmetry of a planogram. We propose a simulated annealing algorithm with improvement and reallocation procedures to solve the planogram profit maximization problem. Experiments are based on artificial data sets that have been generated according to real-world conditions. The efficiency of the designed algorithm has been estimated using the CPLEX solver. The computational tests demonstrate that the proposed algorithm gives valuable results in an acceptable time.


2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Celia Brown

At a time when space in any academic library is at a premium, when we sometimes need to argue for shelf space rather than computers and group work pods, the University of Sydney Library has decided not only to keep and maintain its nineteenth century printing press, but to feature it through a printer in residence program.Now in its third year, the program brings together a printmaker and a letterpress for eight weeks during semester. The intent is to engage with the library and its users, to bring the print workshop to life, to draw inspiration from the library's collection and to create a publication for the Artists’ Book Collection within Rare Books & Special Collections.In an era of instant layout, digital word processing and electronic publishing what does the slow and laborious process of letterpress printing bring to a twenty-first century academic library? This residency demonstrates that understanding the process of making a publication can be just as vital and alive as the content of that publication - one letter at a time.


Author(s):  
Clara Gómez-Donoso ◽  
Gary Sacks ◽  
Lana Vanderlee ◽  
David Hammond ◽  
Christine M. White ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Food retail environments have an influential role in shaping purchasing behavior and could contribute to improving dietary patterns at a population level. However, little is known about the level of public support for different types of initiatives to encourage healthy food choices in supermarkets, and whether this varies across countries or context. The current study aimed to explore the level of support for three potential supermarket initiatives focused on product placement across five countries, and factors that may influence this support. Methods A total of 22,264 adults from Australia, Canada, Mexico, the United Kingdom and the United States (US) provided information on support for three supermarket initiatives related to product placement (targeting product positioning: ‘checkouts with only healthy products’, ‘fewer end-of-aisle displays containing unhealthy foods or soft drinks’ or availability: ‘more shelf space for fresh and healthier foods’) as part of the online 2018 International Food Policy Study. The proportion of respondents that supported each initiative was assessed across countries, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the influence of sociodemographic factors on support. Results The initiative that received the highest support was ‘more shelf space for fresh and healthier foods’: 72.0% [95% CI 71.3–72.7], whereas ‘checkouts with only healthy products’ received the lowest support: 48.6% [95% CI 47.8–49.4]. The level of support differed between countries (p < 0.001 for all initiatives), with the US generally showing the lowest support and Mexico the highest. Noteworthy, in the overall sample, there was not much opposition to any of the initiatives (2.5–14.2%), whereas there was a large proportion of neutral responses (25.5–37.2%). Respondents who were older, female, highly educated, and those who reported having more nutrition knowledge tended to be more supportive, with several differences between countries and initiatives. Conclusions Most people in the assessed five countries showed a generally high level of support for three placement initiatives in supermarkets to encourage healthy food choices. Support varied by type of initiative (i.e., product positioning or availability) and was influenced by several factors related to country context and sociodemographic characteristics. This evidence could prompt and guide retailers and policy makers to take stronger action to promote healthy food choices in stores.


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