Accounting Restatements and Bank Liquidity Creation

Banks play a central role in creating liquidity for the economy by financing illiquid assets with liquid liabilities. This paper examines the effect of accounting restatements on bank liquidity creation. Using a difference-in-differences research design, I show that restatements trigger a significant reduction in liquidity creation. This effect derives mainly from banks shifting away from illiquid assets and toward liquid assets. Further analysis reveals that restatements affect liquidity creation through supervisory enforcement actions and unravelling of risk exposures accumulated in the misreporting period. Government deposit insurance blunts the effect of an information asymmetry channel.

Problems and Major risks in the Banking Sector of Azerbaijan

Aim. The presented study aims to perform a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of problems and risks in the banking sector of Azerbaijan and to develop recommendations for improving the efficiency and reliability of its functioning in accordance with national interests.Tasks. The author shows the key problems and risks in the country’s banking sector, focusing on dollarization as the main risk; investigates the content and causes of dollarization; examines new trends, particularly the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the banking sector of Azerbaijan.Methods. A systems approach to identifying the major factors affecting the development of the banking sector in Azerbaijan serves as the methodological basis of this study. The author also uses the methods of scientific analysis, such as the statistical method, comparative, fundamental, and functional analysis, and expert assessment. The study reflects the ideas set forth in the scientific works of economists on the problems of the institutional development of the banking system in the country under consideration.Results. According to the results of the study, the patterns and current problems in the development of the banking sector of Azerbaijan after the devaluation of 2015 are identified. Its major risks and current state are analyzed, and the reasons for the dollarization of the economy as the main channel of risk for the banking sector of Azerbaijan are determined. In addition, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this sector is analyzed.Conclusions. Positive and negative aspects are identified by performing a risk analysis of the banking sector of Azerbaijan. On the positive side, there are large strategic monetary reserves, a relatively low level of public debt, a single authority for regulating and supervising financial markets, basic risk management elements, and full deposit insurance. The vulnerabilities of the banking sector of Azerbaijan include fragile capital positions of the banking system, high credit risks of banks, low capitalization of banks, lack of legal mechanisms for regulating and selling non-performing assets, lack of effective tools for the rehabilitation and restructuring of banks, weak corporate governance in the financial services sector, low financial literacy, increased monetary and credit risks in the banking sector.

Examining the Development of Banking Sector Regulations and Supervision Practices across BRICS and G7 Countries

The study examines the development in the banking regulatory practices across BRICS nations over the period 2000–2019. The convergence and sustainability of the regulatory framework in BRICS nations to G7 norms have also been assessed. The analysis is based on five key regulatory measures, which include activity restrictions, entry requirements for a new bank, foreign bank entry restrictions, capital stringency, and deposit insurer powers. The study constructs the regulatory indexes based on the central bank responses to the Bank Regulation and Supervision Survey (BRSS) conducted by the World Bank. To estimate the indexes, the study follows Barth, Caprio, and Levine guidelines. The result reveals that the regulators of BRICS countries impose higher restrictions on bank activities than in the G7 nations. Furthermore, the United Kingdom and Brazilian bank regulators are more liberal and imposed fewer restrictions on insurance activity only. In addition, getting a bank license is tough in both regions. Regulators allow only fit and proper applicants into the banking domain. Furthermore, the authors find that the requirements for capital are becoming more restricted in BRICS nations between 2003 and 2019 to align with Basel capital accords, relative to G7 nations. The study documents a convergence in the banking licensing requirements, and limitations on foreign bank entry and official supervisory powers in the BRICS countries with the G7 nations. The study suggests that the regulators must offer freedom to banks’ activities with increasing supervision, and it boosts the competition in the banking sector and enhances customer welfare. Furthermore, the policymakers need to redesign the deposit insurance mechanism and equip deposit insurers with more powers to enhance the safety of depositors’ interests and minimize the moral hazards in the banking sector in both regions.

Akibat Hukum Pada Pemisahan Simpanan Dari Nasabah Bank Saat Likuidasi Untuk Memperoleh Jaminan Dari Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan

Abstrak. Penelitian dalam artikel ini menjelaskan tentang adanya celah hukum yang terkait dengan kontrak penjaminan simpanan LPS terhadap syarat dan ketentuan penjaminan simpanan nasabah. Praktiknya perilaku pemecahan dana simpanan belum ada aturan lebih lanjut, sehingga muncul pertanyaan apa akibat hukum pemecahan dana simpanan oleh nasabah BDL untuk dapat penjaminan dari LPS. Artikel ini adalah penelitian hukum dengan memakai pendekatan perundang – undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Teknik analisis memakai metode interpretasi gramatikal dan sistematis. hasil penelitian ini, penulis berpendapat pemecahan dana simpanan oleh nasabah BDL untuk dapat penjaminanan dari LPS adalah tindakan nasabah yang diuntungkan secara tidak wajar, sesuai pasal 19 ayat (1) huruf b Undang Undang tentang LPS dan terdapat unsur pidana penipuan, tindak pidana di bidang perbankan, dan tindak pidana ekonomi. Akibat hukum pemecahan dana simpanan oleh nasabah BDL untuk dapat penjaminan dari LPS, yaitu hak nasabah (nasabah yang tidak melakukan tindak pemecahan dana simpanan untuk mendapatkan penjaminan dari LPS ) untuk mendapat penjaminan simpanan secara adil, hak LPS untuk tidak melakukan (omission) membayarkan penjaminan simpanan nasabah yang melakukan pemecahan dana simpanan, dan hak pemerintah untuk melakukan (commission) menjaga stabilitas perbankan dari tindakan pemecahan dana simpanan oleh nasabah dengan tujuan dijaminkan simpanannya. Abstract. The research in this article describes the existence of legal loopholes related to the LPS deposit guarantee contract against the terms and conditions of customer deposit insurance. In practice, there is no further regulation on the behavior of splitting deposit funds, so the question arises what are the legal consequences of splitting deposit funds by BDL customers to obtain guarantees from LPS. This article is a legal research using a statutory approach and a case approach. The analysis technique uses a grammatical and systematic interpretation method. the results of this study, the authors argue that the breakdown of deposit funds by BDL customers to obtain guarantees from LPS is an act of customers who benefit unreasonably, according to article 19 paragraph (1) letter b of the Law on IDIC and there is an element of criminal fraud, criminal acts in the banking sector , and economic crimes. The legal consequences of splitting deposit funds by BDL customers to obtain guarantees from LPS, namely the right of customers (customers who do not perform the act of splitting their deposit funds to obtain guarantees from LPS) to obtain a fair deposit guarantee, the right of LPS not to (omission) to pay deposit guarantees customers who split their deposit funds, and the right of the government to undertake (commission) to maintain banking stability from the act of splitting their deposit funds by customers with the aim of securing their deposits.

European Deposit Insurance Scheme(s) – Consequences for the EU’s Financial Stability

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the potential consequences that the shortcomings in harmonising the national deposit guarantee schemes may have on the financial stability of the European Union. The relevance of this subject is underlined both by the European Commission’s intention to revive the European Deposit Insurance Scheme project in 2021 and the recent signals from Germany that they are willing to support the initiative. The paper presents a review of the discussions on establishing a European Deposit Insurance Scheme, the reasons for the project’s failure and the consensus solution that took the form of the Deposit Guarantee Scheme Directive (DGSD). The limited scope of deposit guarantee scheme harmonisation under this directive is discussed in the context of the related EBA opinions pointing to different areas of potential improvements. Differences in national implementation are also reviewed in terms of their potential impact on financial stability. Apart from a careful literature review, statistical analysis of the available financial information characterizing the largest national deposit schemes of the euro is performed to quantify their progress towards the target level of the available financial means. The results prove that most national schemes are still far from reaching the 0.8% target level of readily available funds and that potentially desirable amendments to the DGSD may drag them even further away from reaching that target by 2024. The author concludes that from the perspective of financial stability, the EU should focus on establishing a single scheme at an international level that would complete the project of establishing a banking union. The results contribute to the ongoing discussion on the need to further integrate the national deposit guarantee schemes inside the EU.

On some Issues of the Practice of Dispute Resolution in the Field of Insurance Bank Deposits

The article analyzes the practice of applying the federal law «On Deposit Insurance in Banks of the Russian Federation», defines the categories of cases in the field of deposit insurance, highlights the circumstances and facts that the court pays special attention to when considering certain categories of cases. As a result, it is concluded that the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation should issue an act summarizing the practice of considering disputes in the field of mandatory deposit insurance.