optimal measurement
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

284
(FIVE YEARS 53)

H-INDEX

27
(FIVE YEARS 3)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 115203
Author(s):  
Cheng-Cheng Liu ◽  
Ting-Sheng Wei ◽  
Jia-Dong Shi ◽  
Zhi-Yong Ding ◽  
Juan He ◽  
...  

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1729
Author(s):  
Shau-Ru Ho ◽  
Yu-Chen Lin ◽  
Chi-Nien Chen

Transcutaneous bilirubinometer devices are widely applied to assess neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. However, the optimal skin site and timing of transcutaneous bilirubin (TCB) measurements for the strongest correlation with total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels after phototherapy are still unclear. We conducted a retrospective observational study evaluating the correlation of TCB and TSB levels in neonates postphototherapy. The TCB measurements on the forehead and mid-sternum at 0 and 30 min postphototherapy were assessed by using a JM-103 bilirubinometer. Paired TCB and TSB measurements were assessed by Pearson correlation and Bland–Altman plots. We analyzed 40 neonates with 96 TSB and 384 TCB measurements. The TSB level correlated moderately with the forehead TCB level at 30 min postphototherapy (r = 0.65) and less strongly with the midsternum TCB level at 0 min postphototherapy (r = 0.52). The forehead at 30 min after cessation of phototherapy was the best time point and location of TCB measurement for the assessment of neonatal jaundice status. The reliability of TCB measurements varied across skin sites and durations after phototherapy. The effectiveness of TCB measurement to assess neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is much better on covered skin areas (foreheads) 30 min postphototherapy. The appropriate application of transcutaneous bilirubinometers could aid in clinical practice and avoid unnecessary management.


2021 ◽  
pp. 204138662110411
Author(s):  
Rebecca Grossman ◽  
Kevin Nolan ◽  
Zachary Rosch ◽  
David Mazer ◽  
Eduardo Salas

Team cohesion is an important antecedent of team performance, but our understanding of this relationship is mired by inconsistencies in how cohesion has been conceptualized and measured. The nature of teams is also changing, and the effect of this change is unclear. By meta-analyzing the cohesion-performance relationship ( k = 195, n = 12,023), examining measurement moderators, and distinguishing modern and traditional team characteristics, we uncovered various insights. First, the cohesion-performance relationship varies based on degree of proximity. More proximal measures –task cohesion, referent-shift, and behaviorally-focused– show stronger relationships compared to social cohesion, direct consensus, and attitudinally-focused, which are more distal. Differences are more pronounced when performance metrics are also distal. Second, group pride is more predictive than expected. Third, the cohesion-performance relationship and predictive capacity of different measures are changing in modern contexts, but findings pertaining to optimal measurement approaches largely generalized. Lastly, important nuances across modern characteristics warrant attention in research and practice. Plain Language Summary Team cohesion is an important antecedent of team performance, but our understanding of this relationship is mired by inconsistencies in how cohesion has been conceptualized and measured. The nature of teams has also changed over time, and the effect of this change is unclear. By meta-analyzing the cohesion-performance relationship ( k = 195, n = 12,023), examining measurement moderators, and distinguishing between modern and traditional team characteristics, we uncovered various insights for both research and practice. First, the cohesion-performance relationship varies based on degree of proximity. Measures that are more proximal to what a team does – those assessing task cohesion, utilizing referent shift items, and capturing behavioral manifestations of cohesion – show stronger relationships with performance compared to those assessing social cohesion, utilizing direct consensus items, and capturing attitudinal manifestations of cohesion, which are more distal. These differences are more pronounced when performance metrics are also more distal. Second, despite being understudied, the group pride-performance relationship was stronger than expected. Third, modern team characteristics are changing both the overall cohesion-performance relationship and the predictive capacity of different measurement approaches, but findings pertaining to the most optimal measurement approaches largely generalized in that these approaches were less susceptible to the influence of modern characteristics. However, in some contexts, distal cohesion metrics are just as predictive as their more proximal counterparts. Lastly, there are important nuances across different characteristics of modern teams that warrant additional research attention and should be considered in practice. Overall, findings greatly advance science and practice pertaining to the team cohesion-performance relationship.


Author(s):  
Iryna Svyd ◽  
Ivan Obod ◽  
Oleksandr Maltsev ◽  
Volodymyr Andrusevich ◽  
Borys Bakumenko ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Antoine Aspeel ◽  
Axel Legay ◽  
Raphaël M. Jungers ◽  
Benoit Macq

AbstractIn this paper, we address the problem of optimal measurement budget allocation to estimate the state of a linear discrete-time dynamical system over a finite horizon. More precisely, our aim is to select the measurement times in order to minimize the variance of the estimation error over a finite horizon. In addition, we investigate the closely related problem of finding a trade-off between number of measurements and signal to noise ratio.First, the optimal measurement budget allocation problem is reduced to a deterministic combinatorial program. Then, we propose a genetic algorithm implementing a count preserving crossover to solve it. On the theoretical side, we provide a one-dimensional analysis that indicates that the benefit of using irregular measurements grows when the system is unstable or when the process noise becomes important. Then, using the duality between estimation and control, we show that the problem of selecting optimal control times for a linear quadratic regulator can be reduced to our initial problem.Finally, numerical implementations demonstrate that using measurement times optimized by our genetic algorithm gives better estimate than regularly spaced measurements. Our method is applied to a discrete version of a continuous-time system and the impact of the discretization time step is studied. It reveals good convergence properties, showing that our method is well suited to both continuous-time and discrete-time setups.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan de Boer ◽  
Victor Godet ◽  
Jani Kastikainen ◽  
Esko Keski-Vakkuri

One of the key tasks in physics is to perform measurements in order to determine the state of a system. Often, measurements are aimed at determining the values of physical parameters, but one can also ask simpler questions, such as ``is the system in state A or state B?''. In quantum mechanics, the latter type of measurements can be studied and optimized using the framework of quantum hypothesis testing. In many cases one can explicitly find the optimal measurement in the limit where one has simultaneous access to a large number n of identical copies of the system, and estimate the expected error as n becomes large. Interestingly, error estimates turn out to involve various quantum information theoretic quantities such as relative entropy, thereby giving these quantities operational meaning. In this paper we consider the application of quantum hypothesis testing to quantum many-body systems and quantum field theory. We review some of the necessary background material, and study in some detail the situation where the two states one wants to distinguish are parametrically close. The relevant error estimates involve quantities such as the variance of relative entropy, for which we prove a new inequality. We explore the optimal measurement strategy for spin chains and two-dimensional conformal field theory, focusing on the task of distinguishing reduced density matrices of subsystems. The optimal strategy turns out to be somewhat cumbersome to implement in practice, and we discuss a possible alternative strategy and the corresponding errors.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1864 (1) ◽  
pp. 012070
Author(s):  
O. V. Gavrilova ◽  
N. A. Manakova ◽  
K. V. Perevozchikova ◽  
G. A. Sviridyuk

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247883
Author(s):  
Changcheng Wu ◽  
Qingqing Cao ◽  
Fei Fei ◽  
Dehua Yang ◽  
Baoguo Xu ◽  
...  

Grasp force estimation based on surface electromyography (sEMG) is essential for the dexterous control of a prosthetic hand. Nowadays, although increasing the number of sEMG measurement positions and extracting more features are common methods to increase the accuracy of grasp force estimation, it will increase the computational burden. In this paper, an approach based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) and generalized regression neural network (GRNN) for optimal measurement positions and features is proposed, with the purpose of using fewer measurement positions or features to achieve higher estimation accuracy. Firstly, we captured six channels of sEMG from subjects’ forearm and grasp force synchronously. Then, four kinds of features in time domain are extracted from each channel of sEMG. By combining different measurement position sets (MPSs) and feature set (FSs), we construct 945 data sets. These data sets are fed to GRNN to realize grasp force estimation. Normalized root mean square error (NRMS), normalized mean of absolute error (NMAE), and correlation coefficient (CC) between estimated grasp force and actual force are introduced to evaluate the performance of grasp force estimation. Finally, ANOVA and Tukey HSD testing are introduced to analyze grasp force estimation results so as to obtain the optimal measurement positions and features. We obtain the optimal MPSs for grasp force estimation when different FSs are employed, and the optimal FSs when different MPSs are utilized.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document