Advance Malignant Phyllodes Tumor with Active Bleeding in Children: A Rare Case

Introduction: Phyllodes tumors are fibroepithelial breast lesions that are uncommon in women and rare among children. Due to scarcity, there are only a few large pediatric phyllodes tumor series. Current guidelines do not differentiate treatment recommendations between children and adults.Case Presentation: A 12-year-old girl presented with a lump in her right breast which grew rapidly within a month. On physical examination, we found a mass on the right breast sized ± 10 x 10 cm; the lump was fragile and bled easily. The patient’s condition was getting worse and worse. Due to this deterioration, we performed a mastectomy immediately.Conclusions: The incidence of malignant phyllodes tumor in children is very rare and required prompt treatment in emergency cases.

A Case of Malignant Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast Metastasizing to the Ovary

Phyllodes tumors of the breast are uncommon, and 6.2% of phyllodes tumors behave in a malignant fashion. The metastatic spread of malignant phyllodes tumor is mainly hematogenous to lung and bone, and malignant phyllodes tumor metastasizing to the ovary is rare, with only 2 cases reported. We report the third case of metastatic malignant phyllodes tumor to the ovary with a focus on the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast: case report, tumor characteristics, treatment approach

Due to the rarity of phyllodes breast tumors (particularly malignant tumors), a limited number of described cases and a lack of randomized studies, we currently do not have absolute guidelines for treating these types of tumors. The following article presents the case of a patient with a malignant phyllodes breast tumor, with numerous local recurrences after primary mastectomy and the effects of treatment. The course of the patient’s disease emphasizes the purposefulness and effectiveness of aggressive surgical treatment. In the article, the authors show that leaving even small abnormalities within the scar just to observation is not good practice; surgeons should try to remove all, even unclear, abnormalities.

Recurrent Giant Malignant Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast

Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast. They have a proliferating stromal component that can be graded as benign, borderline, and malignant. In addition, they are associated with an increased risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis. The authors hereby present a case report of a 34-year-old woman with recurrent malignant PT with an increasing aggressiveness. There were two recurrences of giant tumors that consumed the entire right breast, which developed over a three-year period. The final surgical treatment was a total extirpation of the tumor with subsequent plastic reconstruction using a cutaneous flap from the region of the latissimus dorsi muscle. The patient died three months after the last recurrence due to multiorgan failure.

Malignant Phyllodes Tumor by the Example of a Clinical Case

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, but there are also rarer types of breast neoplasms in clinical practice. One of these neoplasms is a phyllodes tumor. Due to the rare occurrence of phyllodes tumors and few studies of this pathology, there is today no information about the precise etiology and pathogenesis of this tumor. For the same reasons, it is very difficult to correctly and timely diagnose breast cancer, which requires both a highly qualified radiologist who first detects this disease in a patient and a pathologist who establishes a final morphological diagnosis. Existing studies, such as mammography and ultrasound, do not have reliable criteria for the diagnosis of phyllodes tumors and are unable to differentiate different histological types of these neoplasms, which further complicates the diagnosis of this pathology. Also, standards for the treatment of patients with this diagnosis have not been fully approved. The paper describes a clinical case of successful surgical treatment for a malignant phyllodes tumor of the left breast in a 47-year-old patient.

Successful Treatment of a Locally Recurrent and Metastatic Malignant Phyllodes Tumor with Accelerated Radiotherapy and Nab-Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Liposomal Doxorubicin Chemotherapy

Phyllodes tumors are rare breast lesions of fibroepithelial origin. Malignant transformation with metastases is linked with poor prognosis. We present a case of a 62-year-old woman with a recurrent malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast and lung metastases. The patient was originally presented with a borderline phyllodes tumor (7.4 cm) of the left breast, treated with wide local excision. A year later, the patient returned with palpable left breast masses. On PET-CT, increased uptake of ¹⁸F-FDG by large breast tumors was evident. A right lung lesion of metastatic origin was also present. A simple left breast mastectomy was performed. Histopathological report described 2 malignant phyllodes tumors (7 cm and 6.5 cm). One month later, during the CT simulation for radiotherapy planning, encysted fluid in the chest wall and 2 additional pulmonary lesions of the right lung were identified, confirming progressive lung metastatic disease. Both the chest wall and the regional lymph node area were irradiated with hypofractionated and accelerated radiotherapy. Biweekly chemotherapy with albumin-bound paclitaxel, cisplatin, and liposomal doxorubicin was also prescribed at the start of radiotherapy for 12 cycles. At the end of chemotherapy, complete regression of lung metastases was achieved, and there was no evidence of local recurrence. Within 2 years of follow-up, the patient is free of disease and treatment-related toxicities. Accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy is effective in the locoregional control of malignant phyllodes tumors. The combination of cisplatin with nab-paclitaxel and liposomal doxorubicin chemotherapy has acceptable toxicity and is highly effective in eradicating metastatic lesions.