The Mechanism of Evolution and Balance for e-Commerce Ecosystem under Blockchain

With the development of society, e-commerce competition has become increasingly intense and has ascended to the level of the ecosystem. Therefore, it is extremely significant to study the mechanism of evolution and balance for the e-commerce ecosystem. Simultaneously, blockchain technology is essentially a consensus mechanism, the core idea of which is decentralization, but it is actually the deconstruction of privileges and authority. Especially, the influence on the e-commerce ecosystem cannot be underestimated. Blockchain technology ultimately changes not only technology, but a comprehensive reconstruction of various industries. Building an e-commerce information ecosystem based on blockchain can promote the healthy and sustainable development of e-commerce information ecology. This work combines the definition and technical characteristics of blockchain, discusses the blockchain-based e-commerce information ecosystem model, and discusses how to achieve the ecological balance and system evolution of e-commerce under the background of blockchain. According to the internal problems of the e-commerce ecosystem, three evolutionary paths are proposed in this work. First, consider the timeliness of the information and construct a full-process information channel. Second, remove central nodes and build a safe and efficient block payment. Third, solve the blind zone in the field of logistics and create efficient and transparent intelligent logistics. This work can provide an effective reference for the development of e-commerce.

Art as Information Ecology

In Art as Information Ecology, Jason A. Hoelscher offers not only an information theory of art but an aesthetic theory of information. Applying close readings of the information theories of Claude Shannon and Gilbert Simondon to 1960s American art, Hoelscher proposes that art is information in its aesthetic or indeterminate mode—information oriented less toward answers and resolvability than toward questions, irresolvability, and sustained difference. These irresolvable differences, Hoelscher demonstrates, fuel the richness of aesthetic experience by which viewers glean new information and insight from each encounter with an artwork. In this way, art constitutes information that remains in formation---a difference that makes a difference that keeps on differencing. Considering the works of Frank Stella, Robert Morris, Adrian Piper, the Drop City commune, Eva Hesse, and others, Hoelscher finds that art exists within an information ecology of complex feedback between artwork and artworld that is driven by the unfolding of difference. By charting how information in its aesthetic mode can exist beyond today's strictly quantifiable and monetizable forms, Hoelscher reconceives our understanding of how artworks work and how information operates.

How robust is the cognitive-ecological explanation of intergroup biases? A preregistered direct replication of Alves, Koch and Unkelbach (2018

Intergroup bias and conflict are significant and multidimensional societal challenges that require compound explanations. Recently, Alves et al. (2018) proposed a cognitive-ecological explanation for intergroup bias, which states that biases are formed based on the interaction between the basic cognitive principles of learning and the structure of the information ecology. As part of the Systematizing Confidence in Open Research and Evidence (SCORE) program, the present study consisted of a one-stage replication test of the central finding of Alves et al (2018). In this high-powered, preregistered replication of their study (analytic N = 361), we lent support to their novel explanation by replicating their main findings with different samples in a different context (Cohen’s w = .25). Thus, the current work supports the robustness of the cognitive-ecological model and gives directions for further research into how the cognitive-ecological model could expand research on intergroup bias, both towards and beyond novel groups.

A Cognitive-Ecological Approach to Temporal Self-Appraisal

According to the evaluative information ecology model of social-comparison, people are more similar on their positive traits and tend to differ on their negative traits. This means that comparisons based on differences will naturally produce negative evaluations, whereas those based on similarities will produce positive evaluations. In this research we apply and extend this model to theorize about the outcomes of temporal self-comparisons. We predicted that one’s similarities across time would be evaluated positively, whereas one’s differences would be evaluated more negatively. However, because positive attributes are reinforced over time, we expected an asymmetry to emerge such that attributes unique to the past self (past differences) would be most negative. Evidence from a simulation study, 7 experiments (total \textit{N} = 1844), and an integrative data analysis, support the notion that temporal self-appraisals follow naturally from comparisons in a known information ecology. Several tests of the prevailing motivated-self-perception account did not bear fruit. We discuss the implications of these findings for temporal self-appraisal theory as well as other aspects of self and identity.

Aspidistra papillata G.Z.Li (Asparagaceae Juss.): A New Record for the Flora of Vietnam

This study presents the morphological characteristics, colour illustration, biological information, ecology and distribution of Aspidistra papillata G.Z. Li, formerly considered as an endemic species to China, but recently discovered and recorded for the Flora of Vietnam, to identify new aspects of this species.