New records of Passiflora from Itatiaia National Park, Brazil

We present new records of Passifloraceae sensu stricto from Itatiaia National Park, Brazil, contributing new data on the geographic distribution of four Passiflora L. species to the flora of Brazil: P. deidamioides Harms, P. miersii Mast., P. rhamnifolia Mast., and P. setulosa Killip. The last three species are reported from Itatiaia National Park and the last species from the state of Rio de Janeiro for the first time.

Notes on Brazilian Pachira (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae) II: Additional typifications and new synonymies

The typification and status of the names of 14 species of Pachira (Malvaceae: Bombacoideae) found in Brazil are discussed, including type material from Brazil, the Guianas, Colombia, Venezuela, and cultivated in Algeria. We designate 11 lectotypes, three neotypes, and four epitypes for these names. Six names are newly considered to be synonyms of the species accepted here. The results support a forthcoming taxonomic treatment of Pachira for the Flora of Brazil.

Brassicaceae Burnett in the municipality of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) includes invasive species as well as widely cultivated horticultural species. In Santa Maria, Cruciferae species usually occur in environments that have undergone urbanization such as sidewalks, roadsides, walls, near energy poles, etc. The last listing of species of this family in the area was performed by Romeu Beltrão in 1962 and supplemented in 1965. The objective of the current study was to update the number of records of Brassicaceae species that occur in the municipality of Santa Maria, RS, as well as to provide keys for the identification for native and naturalized genera and species. Bibliographic surveys, field collections, herbarium material analysis and data from databases of speciesLink and Flora of Brazil 2020 were carried out, as well as complementary collections from August 2018 to April 2019. The species found were photographed and identified based on the existing literature. Identification keys for genera and species, as well as illustrations, were prepared. All genera had only one representative species in Santa Maria with the exception of Lepidium, which presented three species. There was an addition of three species and one genus in relation to the last survey carried out.

Nomenclatural notes and lectotypification for Phyllanthus racemiger (Phyllanthaceae) in Brazil

As the taxonomic report of Phyllanthus is about to be published for Flora of Brazil online 2020, we wish to formalize lectotypification for one species of Phyllanthus and make amendment to the epithet.

Taxonomic notes and new synonyms on Brazilian Macromitrium Bridel (Bryophyta, Orthotrichaceae)

Brazil is a megadiverse country that intends to catalog all its flora by 2020. Therefore, knowledge about taxonomy and the correct identification of species is essential for accessing the real species biodiversity. Macromitrium (Orthotrichaceae) is considered the third largest moss genus in the world and with the majority of its species distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. For Brazil 64 species have been cited, but 44 remain as unknown to the Brazilian flora. The aim of this work was to check all 64 names of Brazilian Macromitrium helping to clarify its validity and correct identification. Type specimens from 14 herbaria were studied using optical microscopy. After this analysis 22% are good species, 54% are synonymous of others species; 13% are excluded from the Brazilian flora and 11% were not possible to check. This work contributed to clarify the diversity of Macromitrium in Brazil, contributing to the knowledge of bryophytes and important data for the flora of Brazil 2020.

New synonyms in Celastraceae toward an update of the flora of Brazil

This paper proposes nine new synonyms for seven Brazilian taxa from two genera: Monteverdia and Plenckia (Celastroideae). This proposal is a preliminary step in the Celastraceae treatment for the ongoing “Flora do Brasil 2020” project. Most of the names discussed here had been neglected in literature and are absent in available taxonomic revisions, with some being discussed for the first time after the publication. Additionally, lectotypes for seven names are designated here.

Novelties in Thismia (Thismiaceae) from South Brazilian Amazon with the description of a new species

We present novelties in Thismiaceae for the south of the Brazilian Amazon, resulting from botanical expeditions in the north of the Mato Grosso State. The occurrence of four species is recorded: Thismia hyalina; T. melanomitra; T. singeri and a species new to science: T. ribeiroi. These are the first records of the family Thismiaceae, as well as of the genus Thismia and these species for the Mato Grosso State. Thismia melanomitra is a new species for the flora of Brazil and T. singeri is the second record of the species for Brazil. In this study, we also describe and illustrate the new species Thismia ribeiroi.

Jamesonia (Pteridaceae) in Brazil

Jamesonia is a genus of Neotropical ferns that comprises about 50 species, distributed from Mexico to Uruguay. In spite of this wide distribution, this group is more diverse in Andean páramos and subpáramos. Due to the recent changes in its circumscription, with the junction of Eriosorus and segregation of Tryonia, the objective of this work was to carry out the taxonomic study of Jamesonia for Brazil, in order to elaborate its monograph to the Flora of Brazil 2020. This study was based on morphological analyses of specimens deposited in 25 Brazilian herbaria, plus online images of types, field expeditions in the southern and southeastern regions of Brazil, revision of the literature, and scanning electronic microscopy of the spores. Seven species and two hybrids were recognized: J. biardii, J. brasiliensis, J. cheilanthoides, J. flexuosa, J. insignis, J. osteniana, J. rufescens, J. brasiliensis × J. cheilanthoides, and J. ×intermedia, respectively. A distinct specimen, from the border of Brazil (Amazonas) and Venezuela, was treated as Jamesonia sp., due to the presence of only one material. Identification key, descriptions and illustrations are provided for the species and hybrids, as well as, geographical distribution data, comments, list of selected material examined for each taxon, and a full list of all exsiccatae analyzed. We also present an identification key for the genera Jamesonia and Tryonia.

Lectotypifications, new synonyms and new occurrences of Dalechampia L. (Euphorbiaceae) in Brazil

Three new occurrences of Dalechampia are reported, D. brownsbergensis, D. attenuistylus and D. heterobractea, of which one is a new record for Brazil. Dalechampia uleana and D. brevipedunculata are synonymized. The holotype of D. hastata is updated and lectotypes are designated for D. juruana. For the names D. cujabensis and D. magnoliifolia, a second-step lectotype are respectively designated. Morphologically similar taxa and the geographic distribution of each species are discussed. Recommendations for updating the list of Euphorbiaceae species for the Flora of Brazil 2020 project are also provided.