Selective Oxidative Cleavage of Oleic Acid on Alumina Supported Metal Catalyst

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and medium-chain fatty acid (MCFAs) are valuable raw materials in wide range of chemical and medical applications. They can be converted to other derivatives by known chemical reactions. Unfortunately, both SCFAs MCFAs are not as abundant in nature as long-chain fatty acid (LCFAs). In this work, the oxidative cleavage of oleic acid, which is one of the most abundant unsaturated LCFAs in nature, was studied. The oxidation was induced by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by a commercial alumina-supported metal catalyst. The products were analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The results revealed that MCFAs and SCFAs were detected in a product. In addition, aldehydes were also found. In this work, effects of catalyst loading, oleic acid-to-hydrogen peroxide ratio, reaction time were investigated and reported.

The combined process of pyrolysis and catalytic conversion from rice straw toward light olefin hydrocarbon with supported metal catalyst

Light olefins are one of the most common petrochemical raw materials produced using non-renewable natural resources. Nowadays, lignocellulosic biomass is a promising source of feedstock ingredients for the production of olefins by pyrolysis. This study, the process is developed by a combination of pyrolysis and catalytic cracking processes with operating temperature around 500°C and N2 flow rate around 150 ml/min. The supported metal catalyst namely La/Al2O3 and Zn/Al2O3 made with the impregnation method are used as catalysts. The catalytic pyrolysis process was carried out in a fixed bed turbular reactor with electric furnace as the heat source. To comprehend the catalytic cracking with catalyst, the experiment was also performed in condition without catalyst so that it could be compared to pyrolysis process itself. The The output of pyrolysis is condensed by using cold absorption trap with aceton. FT-IR (Fourier Transform - Infrared) and GC-TCD (Gas Chromatography-Thermal Conductivity Detector) serve as analytical instrument in order to identify the presence and the quantity of light olefins group in bio-oil and bio-gas. In this method, there are several variations to be determine, there are type of catalyst and catalyst composition (1%, 5%, and 10%).

Fantastic Carbon Material for Nickel/Carbon Support Catalyst Reducing via Calcination Enhanced with Hydrothermal Carbonization

In generally, the metal catalyst which synthesis by conventional techniques is usually in metal oxide form or easily oxidize in the air thus the metal catalyst must reduce to metallic form before using. It was complex process and dangerous. In the research, Carbon material from cattail flower (CF) were used as supporter of Nickel/Carbon supported metal catalyst (Ni/C). This research were studied effect of used carbon material from CF as supporter of Ni/C and varying nickel loading. The Ni/C catalyst were prepared by hydrothermal, impregnation and calcination process. Firstly, Dried CF has been pretreat via hydrothermal process with optimized condition at 180°C for 8h. Then, the nickel solution was added to support via impregnation method by varying Ni loading from 20 to 60 wt% of supported. Finally, the sample has been pelleted into 0.5mm-Ni/C pellet and calcined at 900°C for 2h under nitrogen atmosphere. Ni/C were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), surface area and pore size distribution was determined by N2 adsorption. The result indicate that nickel particle on Ni/C were in the free metal from without reduction and well dispersed on supported surface. Particle size and surface area of Ni/C were decreases at the increase metal loading. Nickel/Carbon supported metal catalyst were ready to use and could be controlled particle size, surface area and crystallinity by metal loading.