Research of the cooperation technology between the air traffic control service and the aerodrome service

The article considers the process of cooperation between the ATC and airport operation services. The analysis considers the procedures of cooperation while inspecting a runway before performing flights, aircraft departure and arrival that encompass the entire range of coordinated operations. For each procedure, the costs of aircraft delays are calculated. The assessment was carried out by synthesizing the chronology of services cooperation in real conditions. On the basis of the collected data flowcharts of services cooperation to ensure flights of an airport and the ATM services were built. To provide a visual comparison of the existing and proposed model sof services cooperation the networks of services cooperation were built based on the mathematical model of the graphic chart. The operation network establishes the sequence of events to provide departure of one aircraft operating a scheduled flight of an airline. Within the given study the ATC service and the aerodrome service are involved to ensure a departure. Cooperation between the operation and dispatch service of the airport and an aircraft crew is conditional because in this case they do not impact the technology of cooperation. The network is a particular set of dots(summits)interconnected by lines (links). In the case of our study, circles are events (performed work). Directional segments (lines) are work connecting events to each other. While assessing the process of cooperation during arrival and departure, two cases were considered: the runway is occupied or clear.The runway could be occupied for different reasons: available vehicles, people, animals or flocks of birds on the runway. The study of the cooperation technology was carried out for 12 monthsof making scheduled flights at Zhukovsky and Ostafievo airports on the basis of every day flight plans.

Adult English Language Learner Pathway to Literacy Initiative

In 2017, Kari Moore of Exodus Refugee Immigration and Ginger Kosobucki of the Immigrant Welcome Center met and discussed the unique needs Kari had noticed in her beginning literacy learners at Exodus. In 2018, Ginger led the Immigrant Welcome Center’s Adult ELL Research Project, which exposed the need for more classes geared for literacy-level learners, as well as more teacher training. In 2020, Kari and Ginger collaborated to lead professional development opportunities for Indianapolis teachers, including ATLAS Study Circles and a 2-day TESOL training with an expert from Literacy Minnesota. Since that time, they have formed a cohort -- the Pathway to Literacy development team -- consisting of teachers from programs around the city. The team has developed a 10-week pilot program, an assessment tool, and a website all designed to more effectively serve the needs of adult immigrants and refugees developing literacy skills for the first time. The Adult ELL Pathway to Literacy Initiative, a collaborative effort among educators in Indianapolis, is an attempt to provide access to vulnerable learners who have had limited access to educational opportunities.

Who Studied at the Beit Midrash?: Funding Palestinian Amoraic Education

The house of study of Amoraic Palestine has resisted study because of its informality. By situating it alongside Hellenistic, Roman and Christian education, this article argues that examining their funding provides a means of understanding the structural tendencies of these study circles. Communal support appears mostly aspirational, providing clues as to intention and conflicts regarding inclusion. Similarly, narratives concerning individual gifts urge their moral good rather than their reliability, thus pointing inevitably to fees as the underlying means of support for the beit midrash. The necessity of fees in turn demands consideration of how those of more marginal means, including scribes, could afford this tuition. Finally, that teaching younger children provided one avenue of such support reveals a complex interdependency of those who had easier access to this education and those who had less access, as well as the barely glimpsed suggestion of other educational alternatives.

The Proletarian Literature Movement: Japan’s First Encounter with Working-Class Literature

This essay explores Japanese working-class literature as it developed within the wider context of the so-called Proletarian Cultural Movement that was in operation for about ten years, peaking in the late 1920s. While tracing the origins of the initiative to create a “proletarian” literature in Japan to Marxist study circles at universities, it discusses the movement’s quest to foster “true” worker writers based on the factory floor. Next, the chapter highlights literary works by female writers who were encouraged at the time by international communism’s focus on the Japanese women issue due to their high inclusion in the industrial work force. Finally, the chapter discusses the legacy and continuing relevance of Kobayashi Takiji’s The Crab Cannery Ship, the flagship of working-class literature in Japan. Throughout, the essay endeavors to paint a vivid picture of writer activists within the movement.

Community Meetings on the Rural Opioid Crisis: Setting a Path Forward by Learning from Others

Objectives: This study implemented a series of meetings in one rural community struggling with the opioid crisis. Set in the town of Ardmore, Oklahoma, these meetings presented local residents who dealt with the crisis as part of their jobs with four categories of programs aimed at preventing and treating opioid-related issues. The ultimate goal was for the participants to develop a consensus about where resources should be appropriated in the future, based off the needs of the area. Methods: Three community meetings were held over a six-week period, with an average of 40 attendees. Data was collected through surveys, study circles, and a participant voting exercise. Surveys were distributed at the beginning and end of the meetings to determine if participant views changed over the course of the study. Study circles broke participants into small groups and prompted them with questions regarding the crisis to encourage group discussion. The participant voting exercise allowed participants to note where they would like future resources to be directed. Findings: Listening to experts and holding group discussions led to changes in opinions for some participants. Most felt that the most pressing need was to provide accessible opioid treatment options in their community. Youth-based prevention efforts were also noted as being a program that the community should focus on. Conclusions: Local perceptions of the most appropriate strategies for combatting the rural opioid crisis can change with group discussions alongside others who are actively involved with this issue. Future research should actively involve affected communities in order to develop relevant and accepted action plans.

Female Islamic Education Movements

Muslim societies have largely been effective in preserving the tradition of imparting basic Islamic knowledge to both male and female children, but for women this education has traditionally taken place within the home. Formal study of Islamic texts in a mosque or madrasa has largely been a male prerogative. In the early period of Islam, women were involved in the transmission of Islamic knowledge, especially Hadith studies, particularly in the cities of Damascus and Cairo, but their involvement remained sporadic and completely ceased in the 16th century. Since the 1970s, however, the formal study of Islamic texts among Muslim women has undergone a major revival. This is happening even in regions with no such prior history, such as South Asia. These movements take different forms, including female madrasas, Islamiyya schools, and informal study circles. However, across different contexts, it is possible to group these diverse platforms into two broad categories: formal and informal. The formal educational platforms, such as madrasas or Islamiyya schools, follow a set curriculum, hold examinations, and issue formal certificates; the informal platforms, which are organized mainly as weekly or biweekly study circles in homes, hotels, or mosques, adopt a looser structure. The teaching across these different platforms is largely focused on study of the Qurʾan (both tajwid and tafsir), followed by study of the Hadith; in the formal platforms, the curriculum also includes basic texts in aqida and fiqh. The emergence and steady spread of these movements has led to two key concerns among scholars. First, what impact do they have on women’s agency? Second, as women acquire specialist knowledge of Islam, will they challenge the authority of the ulama and reinterpret Islamic texts through a feminist lens? The evidence suggests that, unlike Islamic feminists, who have sought to reinterpret classical Islamic texts from a feminist perspective, women in these Islamic education movements actively defend the classical interpretations of the core Islamic rulings on gender relations and position themselves against feminist debates. But, equally, while defending the core Islamic rulings, these women reason and debate and, drawing on the plurality of Islamic legal reasoning, find creative ways to remain loyal to the core of the tradition while also staying actively engaged with modern realities. These movements are distinct from women’s wings of Islamic political parties; they are purely focused on education and are evident across both Sunni and Shiʿa contexts.

Collaborative International Research in Clinical and Longitudinal Experience Study in NMOSD

ObjectiveTo develop a resource of systematically collected, longitudinal clinical data and biospecimens for assisting in the investigation into neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment.MethodsTo illustrate its research-enabling purpose, epidemiologic patterns and disease phenotypes were assessed among enrolled subjects, including age at disease onset, annualized relapse rate (ARR), and time between the first and second attacks.ResultsAs of December 2017, the Collaborative International Research in Clinical and Longitudinal Experience Study (CIRCLES) had enrolled more than 1,000 participants, of whom 77.5% of the NMOSD cases and 71.7% of the controls continue in active follow-up. Consanguineous relatives of patients with NMOSD represented 43.6% of the control cohort. Of the 599 active cases with complete data, 84% were female, and 76% were anti-AQP4 seropositive. The majority were white/Caucasian (52.6%), whereas blacks/African Americans accounted for 23.5%, Hispanics/Latinos 12.4%, and Asians accounted for 9.0%. The median age at disease onset was 38.4 years, with a median ARR of 0.5. Seropositive cases were older at disease onset, more likely to be black/African American or Hispanic/Latino, and more likely to be female.ConclusionsCollectively, the CIRCLES experience to date demonstrates this study to be a useful and readily accessible resource to facilitate accelerating solutions for patients with NMOSD.

The Anthropology of Islamic Law

This book shows how hermeneutic theory and practice theory can be brought together to analyze cultural, legal, and religious traditions. These ideas are developed through an analysis of the Islamic legal tradition, which examines both Islamic legal doctrine and religious education. In terms of disciplinary orientation, the book combines anthropology and Islamicist history, utilizing both ethnography and in-depth analysis of Arabic religious texts. The book focuses on higher religious learning in contemporary Egypt, examining its intellectual, ethical, and pedagogical dimensions. Data is drawn from over two years of fieldwork inside al-Azhar University, Cairo University’s Dār al-ʿUlūm, and the network of traditional study circles associated with the al-Azhar mosque. Together these sites constitute the most important venue for the transmission of religious learning in the contemporary Muslim world. Although the book gives special attention to contemporary Egypt, it provides a broader analysis relevant to Islamic legal doctrine and religious education throughout history.