Technical efficiency of rice farming in Aceh Province, Indonesia

This study measures the technical efficiency of rice farming in Aceh Province, Indonesia. A sample of 5,351 households from the 2017 Household Farming Cost Structure Survey conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics of Aceh Province, Indonesia were gathered and analysed using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Three inputs (i.e., number of labour working days, fertilizer, and seeds) and one output (i.e., number of rice harvest) were used to measure the technical efficiency of rice farming in the province. The study recorded a very low average level of technical efficiency either using a Constant Return to Scale (CRS) or a Variable Return to Scale (VRS) approaches. Two inputs were found not optimal for rice farming activities, namely the number of labour working days and the use of fertilizers, while the use of seeds was found optimal. The study suggests that the farmers should use fertilizers proportionately to the land area. The use of agricultural technology should be intensified to minimize the use of excess labour to reduce wage spending.

JOYCE's CONSTRUCTION OF INTERNAL SPEECH IN V. PELEVIN's NOVEL “THE LIFE OF INSECTS”

The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the poetics of the novels by J. Joyce “Ulysses” and V. Pelevin “The Life of Insects”. Afore in J. Joyce's speech, speech ceases to correlate subject-object relations, turning into an independent substance, and in V. Pelevin's speech dematerialization occurs simultaneously with this process. It is important for V. Pelevin, that Joyce's techniques change the author's status, calling into question his existence as such. The article highlights general strategies for mastering someone else's word, general principles of reflection on speech models of the world, which ultimately turns into a principle of structural reassembly of universes of authors, combining both forward movement and a constant return to the origins, the desire to automate the text and the termination of any kind of dependence on reality (including thoughts and texts that are born in this universe), cyclism and movement in a circle.

The Dilemma of Factor Allocation and Wage Difference under the Constant Region-Wide Returns to Scale

In the model setting of multiregional macroeconomic research, the constant return on scale of all production functions and the free flow of all production factors cannot be combined. Otherwise, the potential theoretical conflict, that is, the problem of contradiction equations, may arise. If there is a unified capital interest rate in the market and the return on scale of production in all regions remains unchanged, it is necessary to set restrictions on the flow of labor force in order to realize the differential wages among regions. When the interest rate is not too high, the regional wage increases with the larger output capital elasticity.

Analisis Efisiensi Pembuatan Tas Bordir Aceh(Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Muara Batu Kabupaten Aceh Utara)

This study aims to analyze and find out how much the level of efficiency in making Aceh embroidery bags (Case Study in Muara Batu District, North Aceh Regency). The data used in this study are primary data obtained from 20 Aceh embroidery bag business units. This research uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. From the Constant Return to Scale (CRS - Output Oriented), results showed that only four business units were efficient while sixteen business units were inefficient. Through the results of Variable Return to Scale (VRS - output oriented), there were seven efficient business units, while thirteen more business units were inefficient.Keywords:Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Efficiency, CRS, VRS, Output Oriented

A STUDY ON PROPENSITY TOWARDS VARIOUS INVESTMENTS OPTIONS

Investment planning for a person who aspires safe and steady return is simple, but the thought process, in general, makes it difficult and less effective. In general, it seems that people have a perception that only a fixed deposit can give a fixed and constant return, but that is just a myth, because if we put the money into different buckets like FD, mutual funds, and stocks, then also we can get safe and steady returns.

Love for the Colonizer: Literary and Psychoanalytic Investigations of Brazil's Foundational Trauma

The Brazilian cultural and political project began in 1822 with the end of colonization. At its outset, colonization stood fictitious in its enormous power to shape reality. In Latin America there was a confluence between the politicians and writers of the 19th century that guaranteed wholly pervasive foundational mythologies—the people building the legal-political state were also setting the mythological ideology of the nation in stone. As such, foundational myths served to unify the people under a common national banner. However, in their attempts to overcome the ghost of colonization, they ended up guaranteeing a wholly pervasive structure wherein the repressed trauma could fester. In Brazil, foundational works, like José de Alencar's Iracema, instead of rejecting the trauma of colonization, engendered myths that repressed it, romanticizing a narrative for the people to fall in love with their colonizer. This love, I argue, led to a specific cultural complex that induces a repetition compulsion of the original traumatic event up to this day, guaranteeing unconscious entrapment and a constant return and submission to the figure of the colonizer.

Uma análise da eficiência de portos europeus por meio da ferramenta análise envoltória de dados

Os portos possuem cada vez mais uma posição consolidada em virtude da vital importância na cadeia logística e comercial das nações. Após a expressiva concorrência apresentada com o decorrer da globalização trouxe como necessidade a melhora das ferramentas de gestão portuária. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa pretende mostrar através da ferramenta Análise Envoltória de Dados, indicadores de eficiência de fatores como input/output. Dados os aspectos capacidade média de transporte por navio, número de contêineres transportados, idade média dos navios, número de chegadas ao porto e o tempo médio de atracação, a fim de estabelecer relações entre os 23 portos analisados com relação à fronteira de eficiência. Os resultados mostram uma disparidade significante entre as eficiências portuárias dos portos internacionais entre os modelos Constant Return Scale-CRS e Variable Return Scale-VRS. O top quatro dos portos eficientes em todas as análises foram Alemanha, Espanha, Bélgica e França. No entanto, pode-se perceber que o modelo VSR se mostrou menos eficiente frente ao CRS.

Analisis Program Layanan Zakat Digital terhadap Penerimaan Zakat dengan Pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysist (DEA) pada Badan Amil Zakat Nasional

This research aims to determine the level of efficiency of the digital zakat program on the acceptance of BAZNAS Zakat with a method Data Envelopment Analysist (DEA) Approach. The sample of this research are operational costs and zakat receipts for digital zakat of the National Amil Zakat (BAZNAS). This research used an analytical tool of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) with variable Constant Return to Scale (CRS) production approach and output oriented. Variable inputs are Zakat funds (I1), Operational Costs (I2), and Digital Zakat Funds (O1). The results of this research on 2016-2018 that digital zakat service program shows the optimal level of efficiency by testing using the Data Envelopment Analysist method with the Constant Return to Scale (CRS) model.

EFISIENSI TEKNIS BANK DI INDONESIA: KELOMPOK BUKU I-IV

Efisiensi Bank merupakan salah satu ukuran kinerja bank. Bank harus berusaha mengelola input dan output bank secara optimal. Efisiensi bank yang optimal dapat dilihat dari tingkat efisiensi teknis bank. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur efisiensi teknis bank di Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan pada 38 bank berdasarkan kelompok bank BUKU I-IV periode 2012 – 2018 dengan metode DEAP. Variabel input dan output bank menggunakan pendekatan Intermediasi bank. Variabel input bank yaitu price of fund, price of labor and price of capital. Sedangkan output bank yaitu loans. Pengukuran efisiensi teknis menggunakan DEAP sebagai pengukur efisiensi secara modern. Hasil penelitian metode DEAP dengan model Constant Return to Scale (CRS) menunjukkan bahwa Bank BNI dan bank BCA paling efisiensi secara teknis dibanding bank lainnya dengan efisiensi teknis 100%. Bank kelompok BUKU IV secara umum telah mencapai efisiensi teknis sedangkan Bank kelompok BUKU I-III belum mencapai efisiensi teknis. Pada periode 2018, dalam mencapai efisiensi teknis maka kelompok bank BUKU I-III harus melakukan kebijakan dengan cara mengendurkan atau mengurangi biaya dua input. Kedua input variabel yaitu input price of fund dan price of capital karena kedua input tersebut yang membuat bank belum mencapai efisiensi teknis. Efficiency of Bank is a measure of bank performance. The banking sector must try to regulate bank inputs and outputs optimally. Optimal efficiency can be seen from the bank's technical efficiency score.. This study aims to measure the technical efficiency of banks in Indonesia. The study was conducted on 38 banks based on the BUKU I-IV, period 2012 - 2018 with the DEAP method. Bank input and output variables use the bank intermediation approach. Bank input variables are price of funds, price of labor and price of capital. Bank output is loans. Measurement of technical efficiency using DEAP as a measure of modern efficiency. The DEAP method research results with the Constant Return to Scale (CRS) model show that BNI Bank and BCA bank are the most technically efficient compared to other banks with 100% technical efficiency. BUKU IV group banks in general have achieved technical efficiency while BUKU I-III group banks have not technical efficiency. In achieving technical efficiency, the BUKU I-III bank group must carry out policies by relaxing or reducing the costs of two inputs. The two variable inputs are input price of funds and price of capital because these two inputs have made the bank not yet reached technical efficiency.

Measurement of Ministry/Institution Budget Performance Efficiency Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

Efficiency is one of the tools used by the Government to measure the success of an activity. Based on PMK Number 214/ PMK.02/2017 it is regulated regarding the measurement and Evaluation of Budget Performance for the implementation of Work Plans and Ministries/Institutions Budgets. To measure budget performance achievement based on aspects of implementation 4 (four) variables i.e. budget absorption, output achievements, efficiency, and consistency of budget absorption towards planning, are used. This study aims to measure the efficiency level of Ministries/Institutions budget performance using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). However, the variables used are not only based on measurement aspects of implementation according to PMK Number 214/PMK.02/2017 but also the number of satker (satuan Kerja). The approach used in the DEA model is Constant Return to Scale (CRS) model and Variable Return to Scale (VRS) model. This study uses the DEA model approach by comparing the results of the CRS model with VRS model. Based on DEA results, the number of Ministries/Institutions that have efficient scores is less than the number of Ministries/Institutions with inefficient scores. In addition, based on the value of slacks in each Ministries/Institutions, the variables that need to be improved are the coordination among satkers in when they are recording their performance achievements in the SMART application. Other variables that also require improvements are the ministry/agency’s willingness to revise their Disbursement Plan (RPD) after each budget revision and the speed at which they spend their budget once DIPA is stipulated.