rubia cordifolia
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Author(s):  
Pottella Srinivasulu ◽  
Ramesh Babu Janga ◽  
T. N. V. Ganesh Kumar ◽  
P. Pavan Kumar ◽  
S. Vidyadhara

Author(s):  
Ghanshyam Kamani ◽  
Rohan Sanghani ◽  
Vaibhavi Savalia ◽  
Devang Pandya

According to traditional medicinal texts as well as modern research, Rubia cordifolia (Desi Manjistha) stem cure various diseases of blood, skin diseases, inflammations, kidney stones, fever and various Kapha disorders. However, stems of Rubia cordifolia (Desi Manjistha) are often adulterated with stems of Rubia tinctorum (Irani Manjistha) due to morphological similarity. This adulteration is extremely harmful as R. tinctorum has Lucidin as one of the chemical constituents, which has severe genotoxic effects. The present work focuses on developing a comparative HPTLC fingerprint and GC-MS analysis of R. cordifolia and R. tinctorum, so as to detect the adulteration by R. tinctorum in R. cordifolia raw material form and in formulations. Methanol extracts of the individually powdered stems were used to develop a suitable mobile phase, such that a clear spot was obtained in TLC of R. tinctorum but not in TLC of R. cordifolia using the same mobile phase. This mobile phase was further used to develop a comparative HPTLC fingerprint of the two species. Methanol extracts of R. cordifolia and R. tinctorum were used for investigation of phytoconstituents by GC-MS analysis. The mobile phase n-butanol: ethanol (6:4) was the one which gave a clear single spot at Rf 0.89 in TLC of methanol extract of R. tinctorum but not in TLC of methanol extract of R. cordifolia, at 254nm and 366nm. Further, HPTLC analysis gave results clearly differentiating the two species using the same mobile phase. Further, GC-MS analysis of R. cordioflia revealed the presence of 9 phytoconstituents while R. tinctorum revealed the presence of 6 phytoconstituents, which are different from each other. Thus, these simple yet sophisticated techniques will be very useful for herbal industry in standardization and detection of adulteration of R. tinctorum in R. cordifolia formulations, thereby benefitting the patients who consume Manjistha formulations.


Author(s):  
Te-cheng Su ◽  
Hui-min Lai

This chapter investigates how the innovation of fire-gilding techniques by the Imperial Household Department helped integrate political and religious power within the empire. During the Qianlong reign (1736-1795), Tibetan style sisa forging, rubia cordifolia burnishing, and multi-layered gilding techniques were introduced while equipping temples with resplendent brass roof tiles and gilded artefacts. The sophistication of manufacturing gilded copper objects relied on the multicultural exchange with Nepalese, Tibetan, and Xinjiang handicrafts. It also required careful management of the flow of such precious materials as gold and copper as well as the necessary labour resources in the form of skilled court and contract artisans.


2021 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Isha Kumari ◽  
Hemlata Kaurav ◽  
Gitika Choudhary

Medicinal herbs have a rich history of their utilization for variety of ailments. India is categorized among those countries which have produced vast variety of medicinal plants. India is also called as “Botanical garden of the world”.  Medicinal plants are the source of discovery of new drugs across the world. Most of the drugs available today have some herbal content of plants in them. Rubia Cordifolia (Manjishtha) is a climber herb having small flowers of greenish white colour which are grouped around the purplish fleshy fruits. The roots of Rubia cordifolia imparts red colour from where dye is obtained which is due to the presence of brownish red bark. This plant is mainly cultivated in the hilly areas. Manjishtha has a very significant place in Ayurveda which is one of the most ancient health care systems of the world. Charaka categorized this medicinal herb as varnya (for the enhancement of skin complexion), jvarahara (anti-pyretic), visaghna (a detoxifier) and a rasayana (rejuvenator). While it is categorized as pittasamsamana (one which maintains the pitta dosha of the body i.e. the fire component of the body) by Acharya Sushrut. Manjishtha has potential to pacifiy the pitta dosha. The phytochemical constituents of Rubia Cordifolia (Manjishtha) are associated with wide range of therapeutic properties. In this review, summary of its phytochemistry, its uses in different medicinal systems like Ayurveda and folk system and its scientific therapeutic properties are reported.


Author(s):  
Radhika Sharma ◽  
Zuhaib F. Bhat ◽  
Arvind Kumar ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Muhammad A. Bhatti ◽  
...  

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 751
Author(s):  
Liping Zeng ◽  
Tianyi Xu ◽  
Jie Meng ◽  
Dingfang Wu ◽  
Shihua Wu

Counter-current chromatography (CCC) is a unique liquid–liquid partition chromatography and largely relies on the partition interactions of solutes and solvents in two-phase solvents. Usually, the two-phase solvents used in CCC include a lipophilic organic phase and a hydrophilic aqueous phase. Although a large number of partition interactions have been found and used in the CCC separations, there are few studies that address the role of water on solvents and solutes in the two-phase partition. In this study, we presented a new insight that H2O (water) might be an efficient and sensible hydrophobic agent in the n-hexane-methanol-based two-phase partition and CCC separation of lipophilic compounds, i.e., anti-cancer component mollugin from Rubia cordifolia. Although the n-hexane-methanol-based four components solvent systems of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (HEMWat) is one of the most popular CCC solvent systems and widely used for natural products isolation, this is an interesting trial to investigate the water roles in the two-phase solutions. In addition, as an example, the bioactive component mollugin was targeted, separated, and purified by MS-guided CCC with hexane-methanol and minor water as a hydrophobic agent. It might be useful for isolation and purification of lipophilic mollugin and other bioactive compounds complex natural products and traditional Chinese medicines.


2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
Dong-Bing He ◽  
Xue Bai ◽  
Yu-Han Ma ◽  
Hai-Jun Qin ◽  
Yi-Bing Wu ◽  
...  
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