The Effect of Nursing Protocol in Insertion and Care of Vascular Access Devices in Oncology Pediatric Patients

Arrangement of a focal line consistently conveys likely dangers for the patient, with significant contrasts in the sort and seriousness of entanglement, contingent upon which vein, which strategy and which gadget have been picked. Aim: The current study aimed to study the effect of nursing protocol in insertion and care of Vascular Access Devices (VAD) in oncology pediatric patients Design: A quasi experimental design was used. Setting: This study was conducted at the oncology department Unit, affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospital and police hospital at El-Agoza. Sample: A purposive example of (50) nurses were working at Ain Shams and (20) at ElAgoza. I. Predesigned Questionnaire Format, Assessment tool for the studied children , Questionnaire tool for nurses to assess nurse's knowledge, Observational checklists used to assess the nurses' practices regarding nursing protocols for care and insertion of VAD Results: there was positive correlation between knowledge of the studied nurses and their total practices and regarding vascular access devices (Port-A-Cath, Hickman, and CVC) throughout intervention with statically significant differences (p<0.05). Conclusion: Implementation of the nursing protocol has statistically significant positive effect in insertion and care of VAD on oncology pediatric patients Recommendation: the nursing protocol should be applied for all nurses who deal with pediatric devices. Keywords: Nursing Protocol, Vascular Access Devices, Oncology, Pediatric Patients

Image Theory for Neumann Functions in the Prolate Spheroidal Geometry

Interior and exterior Neumann functions for the Laplace operator are derived in terms of prolate spheroidal harmonics with the homogeneous, constant, and nonconstant inhomogeneous boundary conditions. For the interior Neumann functions, an image system is developed to consist of a point image, a line image extending from the point image to infinity along the radial coordinate curve, and a symmetric surface image on the confocal prolate spheroid that passes through the point image. On the other hand, for the exterior Neumann functions, an image system is developed to consist of a point image, a focal line image of uniform density, another line image extending from the point image to the focal line along the radial coordinate curve, and also a symmetric surface image on the confocal prolate spheroid that passes through the point image.

Optical Tests on a Curve Fresnel Lens as Secondary Optics for Solar Troughs

A curve Fresnel lens is developed as secondary concentrator for solar parabolic troughs to reduce the number of photovoltaic cells. Specific measurements and optical tests are used to evaluate the optical features of manufactured samples. The cylindrical Fresnel lens transforms the focal line, produced by the primary mirror, into a series of focal points. The execution of special laboratory tests on some secondary concentrator samples is discussed in detail, illustrating the methodologies tailored to the specific case. Focusing tests are performed, illuminating different areas of the lens with solar divergence light and acquiring images on the plane of the photocell using a CMOS camera. Concentration measurements are carried out to select the best performing samples of curve Fresnel lens. The insertion of the secondary optics within the concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) trough doubles the solar concentration of the system. The mean concentration ratio is 1.73, 2.13, and 2.09 for the three tested lenses. The concentration ratio of the solar trough is 140 and approaches 300 after the introduction of the secondary lens.

Properties of Cyclide Dyupen and Their Application. Part 2

In the first part of this paper has discussed about the basic properties of cyclide Dupin, and has gave some examples of their applications: three ways of solving the problem of Apollonius exclusively by means of compass and ruler, using identified properties cyclide Dupin, that is, given a classical solution of the problem. In the second of part of the work continued consideration of the properties of cyclide Dupin. Proposed and proved the possibility ask cyclide Dupin arbitrary ellipse as the center line of the forming a plurality of spheres and a sphere with the center belong - ing to the ellipse. Proved the adequacy of this information is used to build the cyclide Dupin. Geometrically proved that the focal line of cychlid are not that other, as curves of the second order. Given the graphical representation of the focal lines of cychlid. Shown polyconic compliance focal lines of cichlid of Dupin, which is considered in all four cases. The proposed formation of the hyperbolic surfaces of the fourth order with one or two primary curves of the second order, in this case ellipses. Apply sofocus this ellipse the hyperbola. Although the primary focus of the ellipse lying in the plane of the hoe, with the center coinciding with the origin of coordinates, is stationary, and the coordinate system rotates around the z axis. Then the points of intersection of the rotating coordinates x and y with a fixed ellipse specify new values for the major and minor axis of the ellipse with resultant changes in the form defocuses of the hyperbola. Although this modeling is not directly connected with Cychlidae Dupin, but clearly follows from the properties of its focal curves – curves of the second order. Withdrawn Equations of the surface and its throat.

Simulation for Aberration of Chromium Atomic Beam Focusing and Deposition

The image distortion which comes from aberration is analyzed and the effects on focal line features are also discussed, which are resulted from the spherical aberration, chromatic aberration and beam spread. The simulation results have show that source imperfection, especially the transverse velocity spread, plays a critical role in broadening the feature width.