Applying an active strategy for updating the potential properties of human-machine complexes in the processes of their design and operation

The analysis of the literature, reflecting the problem of potentiality in creating complex systems, including human-machine complexes (HMC) is carried out. On the basis of the generalized data, potentiality is defined as a fundamental property of objective reality, an integral part of the integrity structure of complex objects, which in the process of their functioning manifests itself in the form of engineering control situations unforeseen by the developers. A strategy for solving the problem of revealing the potential properties of HMC is considered from the viewpoint of comparing two approaches of “passive” and “active” strategies. A “passive” strategy means that the situations that arise unforeseen by the developers are taken into account by them, usually in the future when improving the technique. This approach does not consider the specifics of manifesting the systemic properties of the HMC and is incorrect from the methodological positions of modern systemic studies that assert the equivalence of subject-object relations in HMC. An “active” strategy for solving the problem under study includes a targeted search, disclosure and actualization of the potential properties of an object not only at the stages of its design and creation, but also at the stages of the exploitation in the joint activity of all professionals, namely developers, operators, engineering psychologists. This approach is based on forecasting and studying the potential properties of an exploited object on the basis of organizing a systematic and controlled cognitive process and studying the dynamics of changes in its operational characteristics under conditions of external factors that go beyond normal situations. It is concluded that to assess the characteristics of the HMC and determine the rational organization of its structures, it is necessary to develop an “active” strategy that allows using any type of information, including accurate data obtained on the basis of the deterministic methods of analysis, and inaccurate data obtained on the basis of an analysis of intuition, experience, considering all specialists’ values of judgments and figurative guesses, which will contribute to disclosing the potential of the created technical objects in the process of ergonomic support for their design and operation.

Effect of Portfolio Management Strategies on the Returns of Mutual Funds in Kenya

The study explored the effect of portfolio management strategies on portfolio returns of mutual funds in Kenya. The population of the study was all the mutual funds licensed by CMA as at 2018. The study concluded that portfolio management strategies have an impact on portfolio returns. In Kenya, the most preferred strategy was active portfolio strategy. Mutual funds that employed active and growth portfolio management strategy generated negative returns, although active strategy is the most preferred strategy, the costs that the strategy attracts leads to negative returns. Those that employed value and passive portfolio management strategies generated positive returns. The study recommends that mutual funds should use value and passive strategies as they produce positive returns, and this is because of the low cost incurred when using these strategies. Keywords: Portfolio Management Strategies, Returns, Mutual funds, Kenya.

STRATEGI KEBERLANJUTAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DI DESA MASADIAN KECAMATAN MENUI KEPULAUAN KABUPATEN MOROWALI

The purpose of this study was to determine the sustainability strategies for the economic livelihoods of indigenous people in Masadian Village, Menui District, Morowali Regency and strategies for increasing the economy of the puppet community in Desa Santas, Menadian District, Menow Islands, Morowali Regency. The results of the study showed that solving the problem of economic sustainability in the Desa Desa community uses an active strategy in which all communities express their daily needs by doing side jobs with various forms of work such as working as construction workers, ship / boatbuilders, fish buyers. The side jobs that are most chosen by fishermen are construction workers and shipbuilders and poverty reduction models with a participatory approach or the role of the wife / children to help the husband work

In education we trust: on handling the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Swedish welfare state

Keeping schools open was an active strategy in Sweden to meet the threats of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article we analyze how a collection of welfare state agents with different tasks, resources and interests in interaction formed an assemblage in their responses to the pandemic and how education thereby became part of a strategy to keep the society going. The inquiries concern what this tells us about education as framed and constrained as a part of society. Our observations are based on statements presented by the government and public agencies, mass media and websites. We identified an assemblage of interwoven agents such as institutions, laws, regulations and recommendations, pandemic manuals, statistics and media. All these were brought together by actions and ideas to handle a pandemic when there were no preventive vaccines. The overarching principle was to educate the population to competent actions in dealing with the pandemic. To keep schools open was part of that principle combined with caretaking ambitions. This assemblage looked like a centralistic machine but it was not; risks were pushed back to local authorities and schools. In conclusion, we note that education is vital in the overarching strategy to deal with the pandemic in Sweden in terms of trust in people and governmentality.

Adaptation to Other Agent’s Behavior Using Meta-Strategy Learning by Collision Avoidance Simulation

In human’s cooperative behavior, there are two strategies: a passive behavioral strategy based on others’ behaviors and an active behavioral strategy based on the objective-first. However, it is not clear how to acquire a meta-strategy to switch those strategies. The purpose of the proposed study is to create agents with the meta-strategy and to enable complex behavioral choices with a high degree of coordination. In this study, we have experimented by using multi-agent collision avoidance simulations as an example of cooperative tasks. In the experiments, we have used reinforcement learning to obtain an active strategy and a passive strategy by rewarding the interaction with agents facing each other. Furthermore, we have examined and verified the meta-strategy in situations with opponent’s strategy switched.

A prospective cohort of SARS-COV2 infected health care workers: Clinical characteristics, outcomes and follow up strategy

Background During the COVID-19 outbreak health care workers (HCWs) were at a high risk of infection. Strategies to reduce in-hospital transmission between HCWs and to safely manage infected HCWs are lacking. Our aim was to describe an active strategy for the management of COVID-19 in SARS-CoV-2 infected HCWs and investigate its outcomes. Methods A prospective cohort study of SARS-CoV-2 infected health care workers in a tertiary teaching hospital in Barcelona, Spain, was performed. An active strategy of weekly PCR screening for SARS-CoV-2 on HCWs was established by the Occupational Health department. Every positive HCW was admitted to the Hospital at Home Unit with daily assessment online and in-person discretionary visits. Clinical and epidemiological data were recorded. Results Of the 590 HCWs included in the cohort, 134 (22%) were asymptomatic at diagnosis, and 15% (89 patients) remained asymptomatic during follow up. A third of positive cases were detected during routine screening. The most frequent symptoms were cough (68%), hyposmia/anosmia (49%) and fever (41%). 10% of the patients required specific treatment at home, while only 4% of the patients developed pneumonia. Seventeen patients required a visit to the Outpatient clinic for further evaluation, and six of these (1%) required hospital admission. None of the HCWs included in this cohort required ICU admission or died. Conclusions Active screening for SARS-CoV-2 among HCWs for early diagnosis and stopping in-hospital transmission chains proved efficacious in our institution, particularly due to the high percentage of asymptomatic HCWs. Follow up of HCWs in Hospital at Home units is safe and effective, with low rates of severe infection and readmission.

Historical Rupture or Continuity?

From the point of view of the institutional legal history of shariʿa courts in Israel, the article focuses on the elements of rupture and/or continuity introduced by the appointment of Hanāʾ Manṣūr-Khaṭīb as the first female judge in Israeli religious courts against the background of three main elements, the subordination of shariʿa courts to the Israeli legal system, the reaction of shariʿa courts to the challenges posed by secular and conservative Muslim actors inside the Palestinian minority, and the definition of gender roles in the Muslim judiciary in Israel. Despite some elements of rupture with the past, the article argues that the appointment is part and continuation of an active strategy of the pragmatic use of “the past” of Islamic legal tradition already pursued by shariʿa courts since 1995, and that the appointment of Manṣūr-Khaṭīb can be inscribed in a framework of “patriarchal liberalism,” following the definition of Moussa Abou Ramadan, proving that, still, gender is anything but irrelevant.