Woman as embodiment of nature: A cultural ecofeminist analysis of 'The Last Quarter of the Moon'

The paper explores influences of postmodern technologies over the deep-rooted ideological order of the ancient Chinese Evenki tribe in Chi Zijian’s ‘The Last Quarter of the Moon.’ The technological advancement and subsequent cultural transformation resulted in a great imbalance in the ecology of rivers, mountains, and forests and the feminine gender was the recipient of most of the consequences and disparities because of the women’s true spiritual socializing-relationship with nature. The divine embodied bond between women and nature was a source of inspiration and empowerment for the Evenki women. Modern way of life and lust for material progress blinded Evenki vision to the healing powers of nature once witnessed and utilized by their ancestors. The paper critiques the unsettling society of ancient deep-rooted spiritual order of Evanki based on their interdependent relations with spirits, the woman and mother nature. The study subscribes to the theoretical postulates of eco-cultural feminism as theorized by Merchant (2005) and Starhawk (1990). The relationship between woman and nature got destroyed when the world of Evenki shrunk under the spill of postmodern race and evaded by greed for money. The technological advancement and the resultant tempering in nature is a suppression for both women and nature.

Grievance, ideology and prejudice: On the tripartite nature of identity politics and its relation to left-wing authoritarianism

Identity politics based on a group-centric interpretation of society as a system of power and privilege are increasingly influential within left-wing parties and movements, although little is known about their psychological background. In this article, we report two quantitative studies (N = 1684), focused on radical feminism, cultural feminism, and critical race theory. The reported results suggest that these instances of identity politics encompass a tripartite content domain composed of perceived grievance, identity-based ideology, and prejudice toward groups perceived as privileged, which is related to authoritarian forms of social justice-seeking.

Cross-Cultural Feminist Technologies

As our contemporary problems of climate change, pandemics, tech reform, and worldwide wealth inequality demand global solidarities, cooperation, and collective and empathetic imagination, we need approaches that can carve critical pathways for an inclusive technological future. Much as technology is created to transcend borders and cultures, this essay proposes that cross-cultural feminism can do the same. This essay pioneers a framework that enables us to strive for global solidarities while decolonizing the feminist “common sense” that is institutionalized into how technologies are shaped. We advocate for an approach grounded in the materiality (embodiments), mobility (social movements), and modality (codes and modes of design). We believe this three-pronged lens can inform practice and help set the tenor for how to build cross-cultural feminist technologies for an inclusive future.

Modern Theories of Feminism

This chapter discusses typologies of modern feminist theories. Lorber's categorisation of feminist theories distinguishes between three broad kinds of feminist discourses: gender reform feminisms, gender resistant feminisms, and gender revolution feminisms. Lengermann and Niebrugge-Brantley categorise the various types of feminist theories as theories of gender difference, theories of gender inequality, theories of gender oppression, and theories of structural oppression. All theories of gender difference are based on the thesis that the differences between men and women are immutable. These theories include cultural feminist theories, institutional role feminist theories, and existential feminist theories. Cultural feminism is a variety of feminism emphasising essential differences between men and women, based on biological differences in reproductive capacity. Institutional role feminist theories argue that gender differences result from the different roles that women and men come to play within various institutional settings. Existential feminist theories focus on the marginalisation of women as other in a male-created culture.

Prominence of Improved Cook Stove (ICS) in Rural Area: End-Users Perspective

Improved cook stove (ICS) indicates improved form of traditional cook stove. It is more effective, efficient and safer to use. ICS is popular in rural villages of Nepal as a new innovation of clean cooking mechanism. To explore the end users views about the prominence of ICS in rural settings of urban areas, this study is conducted as the title of prominence of improved cook stove in rural areas: end-users perspectives. It is based on the theoretical assumption of cultural feminism. It employs exploratory research design and is based on both primary and secondary sources of data. The study revealed that there is high prominence of ICS in rural farm based society in Nepal. Women are end-users of ICS. Through women perspectives, health and sanitation; easy operation; time and resource saver; low maintenance are its major prominence. ICS helps to reduce the untiring busy schedule of women in household activities. It suggests that concerned authorities should make effective institutional frameworks to empower women in their homeland by optimum utilization of leisure time made possible by the use of ICS.

Relevance of Biogas in Rural Area: Women Perspectives

Biogas is a form of clean cooking mechanism. As a proven and widely-used global source of energy, it is popular all over the world. To explore the women's views about the importance of biogas in rural settings of urban areas, this study is conducted as the title of relevance of biogas in rural areas: women perspectives. It is based on the theoretical assumption of cultural feminism. It employs exploratory research design and is based on both primary and secondary sources of data. The study revealed that there is high relevance of biogas in rural farm based society in Nepal. Through women perspectives, health and sanitation; easy and sustainable operation; time and resource saver; cheap and low maintenance are its major importance. Biogas plant helps to reduce the untiring busy schedule of women in household activities. It suggests that concerned authorities should make effective institutional frameworks to empower women in their homeland by optimum utilization of leisure time made possible by the use of biogas.

Citra Perempuan Jawa Dalam Teks Suluk Tenun

Suluk Tenun reflects the image of Javanese women based on the background of Islamic religious traditions. Judging from the cultural feminism approach, this research uses descriptive qualitative methods and modern philology, which aims to describe the image of Javanese women listed in the text of Suluk Tenun. The data source used in this research is the text Suluk Tenun, a collection of Pura Pakualaman Library, located at pupuh VII Serat Piwulang Estri, and consists of 17 verses. The results showed that the text of Suluk Tenun was loaded with Javanese moral and cultural values. The symbols for the tools and the weaving process are used to describe the image of Javanese women in controlling their passions when they are married, such as telanjuk, kaki, kuping, kisi, and others. In the Suluk Tenun text, several images must have by a woman to be able to become a holy woman. The images are women who must be knowledgeable, able to control their passions, and able to rely on faith in God and the shari'a.

DISKRIMINASI KELAS DAN GENDER DALAM NOVEL KASTA KARYA WITRI PRASETYO AJI

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan diskriminasi kelas dan gender dalam novel Kastakarya Witri Prasetyo Aji yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2017 oleh Bhuana Sastra, Jakarta. Tokoh perempuan bernama Ida Ayu Made Maharani (Rani) merupakan subjek yang digunakan pengarang untuk menggugat ketidakadilan atau diskriminasi kelas dan gender yang hidup dalam masyarakat Bali. Diskriminasi kelas dan gender yang dialami tokoh Rani adalah bahwa ia harus meninggalkan kekasihnya yang berbeda kelas (kasta) dan menikah dengan laki-laki yang sederajat demi mempertahankan kadar kebangsawanannya. Namun faktanya, ia harus menderita karena ia adalah perempuan (istri) yang dianggap tidak memiliki hak yang sama dengan laki-laki (suami). Sementara, kadar kebangsawanan juga tidak menjamin kemuliaan moral seseorang. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori feminisme. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik kepustakaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan feminis. Berdasarkan hasil pembacaan kritis dengan pendekatan feminisme kultural diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa perempuan Bali melalui tokoh utama perempuan dalam novel tersebut berupaya melakukan resistensi terhadap dominasi patriarki yang berlaku terhadap diri mereka. The purpose of this study is to reveal class and gender discrimination in the Kasta novel by Witri Prasetyo Aji published in 2017 by Bhuana Sastra, Jakarta. A female figure named Ida Ayu Made Maharani (Rani) is a subject used by the author to challenge injustice or class and gender discrimination living in Balinese society. Class and gender discrimination experienced by the character Rani is that he must leave his beloved of a different class (caste) and marry a man who is equal in order to maintain his level of nobility. But the fact is, she must suffer because she is a woman (wife) who is deemed not to have the same rights as a man (husband). Meanwhile, nobility also does not guarantee one's moral dignity. The theory used in this research is the theory of feminism. Data collection is done using library techniques. The method used in this study is descriptive analysis with feminist approach. Based on the results of the critical reading using the cultural feminism approach, it was concluded that Balinese women through the main female characters in the novel sought to resist the patriarchal domination that prevailed against them.